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frighten

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromMiddle English*frightenen, equivalent tofright +‎-en.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈfɹaɪ.tən/,[ˈfɹ̥aɪtn̩],[ˈfɹ̥aɪʔn̩]
  • Audio(US):(file)
  • Rhymes:-aɪtən
  • Hyphenation:frigh‧ten

Verb

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frighten (third-person singular simple presentfrightens,present participlefrightening,simple past and past participlefrightened)

  1. (transitive) To cause to feelfear; toscare; to cause to feelalarm orfright.
    Avery puts a sheet over her head, pretending to be a ghost tofrighten Emily.
    • 1746,Isaac Kimber, “Henry VII”, inThe History of England, from the Earliest Accounts to the Accession of His Present Majesty King George II. […] ,page217:
      His Deſign was only tofrightenFrance, and get more Money.
    • 1883,Felix Leopold Oswald, “A Step-child of Nature”, inZoological Sketches[:] A Contribution to the Out-door Study of Natural History, Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co.,page90:
      You mayfrighten a pig, a goose, a frog, and even a fly, but you cannotfrighten or surprise a sloth.
    • 1928,E. A. Wallis Budge, transl.,The Book of the Saints of the Ethiopian Church[:] A translation of the Ethiopic Synaxarium […] , volume 1, London: Cambridge University Press,page220:
      And he commanded his soldiers[…] tofrighten them with fierce swords, but the hearts of the holy men did not quail, and they were unable to alter their words.
  2. (intransitive) To becomescared oralarmed.
    • 1898, Franklane L. Sewell, Ida E. Tilson, “White Leghorns”, inThe Poultry Herald Manual[:] A Guide to Successful Poultry Keeping, St. Paul, Minnesota: Webb Publishing Company,page41:
      In fitting the White Leghorns for exhibition, it must be remembered that they are of nervous disposition andfrighten easily.
    • 1959, Harold G. (Hack) Miller, “Rod and gun”, inHearings […] , Washington: United States Government Printing Office,page101:
      Those male moose at the southeast arm didn'tfrighten very much when we docked to fly-fish one day. One was so scared of us he just walked toward us and snorted.
    • 1995 April, Jeff Csatari, “Tackle Tips”, inBoys' Life, volume85, number 4, Irving, Texas: Boy Scouts of America, Inc.,→ISSN,page42:
      Be sneaky. Fishfrighten easily.

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Related terms

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Translations

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to disturb with fear

Anagrams

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Middle English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromOld Englishfyrhtan; equivalent tofright +‎-en(infinitival suffix).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈfrixtən/,[ˈfriçtən]

Verb

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frighten

  1. Tofrighten,scare

Conjugation

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Conjugation offrighten (weak in -ed)
infinitive(to)frighten,frighte
present tensepast tense
1st-personsingularfrightefrighted
2nd-personsingularfrightestfrightedest
3rd-personsingularfrightethfrighted
subjunctivesingularfrighte
imperativesingular—
plural1frighten,frightefrighteden,frightede
imperativepluralfrighteth,frighte—
participlesfrightynge,frightendefrighted,yfrighted

1 Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

Descendants

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References

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