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ferment

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishferment, fromMiddle Frenchferment, fromLatinfermentāre(“to leaven, ferment”), fromfermentum(“substance causing fermentation”), fromfervēre(“to boil, seethe”). See alsofervent.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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ferment (third-person singular simple presentferments,present participlefermenting,simple past and past participlefermented)

  1. Toreact, usingfermentation; especially to producealcohol byaging or by allowingyeast to act onsugars; tobrew.
    • 2020 November 18, Drachinifel, 6:21 from the start, inThe Salvage of Pearl Harbor Pt 2 - Up She Rises!‎[1], archived fromthe original on22 October 2022:
      The cleanup job would turn out to be possibly second only to body-recovery duty in terms of being a job thatnobody wanted to get assigned to. Imagine, for a moment, a thick soup of oil, paper, ink, clothing, raw meat and other fresh provisions, and worse, that had all been left to collect together in semi-warm water, all enclosed in a large metal container that had then been subjected to heating by first fire and then repeated warm Hawaiian days, and then left toferment for over a month, and then with most of the water drained away and all the remaining solid and semi-liquid mass collecting together in pools and heaps across multiple decks, still in a relatively-enclosed environment.
  2. Tostir up,agitate, causeunrest orexcitement in.
    • 1713,[Alexander] Pope,Windsor-Forest. […], London: […] Bernard Lintott […],→OCLC:
      Ye vigorous swains! while youthferments your blood.
    • a.1749 (date written),James Thomson, “Winter”, inThe Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold byThomas Cadell, […], published1768,→OCLC,page165, lines10–14:
      Pleas'd have I wander'd thro' your rough domain; / Trod the pure virgin-ſnows, myſelf as pure; / Heard the winds roar, and the big torrent burſt; / Or ſeen the deepfermenting tempeſt brew'd, / In the grim evening ſky.

Derived terms

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Translations

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to react using fermentation
to cause unrest

Noun

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ferment (pluralferments)

  1. Something, such as ayeast orbarm, that causesfermentation.
  2. A state ofagitation or ofturbulentchange.
    • a.1729,John Rogers,The Difficulties of Obtaining Salvation:
      Subdue and cool theferment of desire.
    • 14 November, 1770,Junius,letter to the Right Honourable Lord Mansfield
      The nation is in aferment.
    • 1919,Ronald Firbank,Valmouth, Duckworth, hardback edition, page 104
      Clad in a Persian-Renaissance gown and a widow's tiara of white batiste, Mrs Thoroughfare, in all theferment of aMarriage-Christening, left her chamber on vapoury autumn day and descending a few stairs, and climbing a few others, knocked a trifle brusquely at her son's wife's door.
    • 2001, Bernard E. Harcourt, chapter 5, inIllusion of Order:
      Proponents of the broken windows theory assume that [disorder] means a neighborhood has lost control and doesn't care about crime. But surely there are other plausible meanings. It could signal artisticferment, a youth hangout, rebellion, or an alternative lifestyle.
  3. A gentle internal motion of the constituent parts of a fluid; fermentation.
  4. Acatalyst.

Translations

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substance causing fermentation
state of agitation
gentle internal movement
catalyst

See also

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References

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Anagrams

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French

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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ferment

  1. third-personpluralpresentindicative/subjunctive offermer

Polish

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing fromLatinfermentum.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ferment m inan

  1. ferment,unrest
  2. (archaic, biochemistry)enzyme
    Synonym:enzym

Declension

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Declension offerment
singularplural
nominativefermentfermenty
genitivefermentufermentów
dativefermentowifermentom
accusativefermentfermenty
instrumentalfermentemfermentami
locativefermenciefermentach
vocativefermenciefermenty

Related terms

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adjective
noun
verbs

Further reading

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  • ferment inWielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • ferment in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromFrenchferment, fromLatinfermentum.

Noun

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ferment m (pluralfermenți)

  1. ferment

Declension

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Declension offerment
singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominative-accusativefermentfermentulfermențifermenții
genitive-dativefermentfermentuluifermențifermenților
vocativefermentulefermenților
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