est
FromMiddle Englisheste, fromOld Englishēst(“will, consent, favour”), fromProto-West Germanic*ansti, fromProto-Germanic*anstiz(“favour, affection”), fromProto-Indo-European*ān-(“to notice; face, mouth”) or from*h₃neh₂-(“to bestow, offer, help; to enjoy”).
Cognate withIcelandicást(“affection, love”),Dutchgunst(“favour, grace, courtesy, privilege”),GermanGunst(“favour, goodwill, boon”),Danishyndest(“favour”),Swedishynnest(“favour, indulgence, grace”).
est (usuallyuncountable,pluralests)
est (notcomparable)
est
estfirst-singular present indicative (third-person singular present indicativeesti,past participlefute)
| past participle | fute | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
| mini | tini | nes, nese, el | noi | voi | nesh, nesi, ei / eyi, eli | |
| present | est | esht | esti | him | hits | sent |
Borrowed fromFrenchest, fromOld Englishēast.
est m (uncountable)
compass points:punts cardinals: [edit]
| nord-oest nord-occidental | nord septentrional | nord-est nord-oriental |
| oest occidental |  | est oriental |
| sud-oest sud-occidental | sud meridional | sud-est sud-oriental |
est m
est m(uncountable)
FromOld Norseest, fromProto-Germanic*izi, with addition of-t from thepreterite-present verbs. The Germanic form goes back toProto-Indo-European*h₁ési, cognate withLatines,Ancient Greekεἶ(eî),Sanskritअसि(ási).
est
FromOld Norsehestr, fromProto-Germanic*hanhistaz, an alternative form of*hangistaz. CompareDanishhest.
2=-Please seeModule:checkparams for help with this warning.
est m
stem=strong ''a''-stemPlease seeModule:checkparams for help with this warning.
| masculine | singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | est | estn | ester | estär |
| accusative | est | estn | esta | estą |
| dative | este | estem | estum | estum(e) |
| genitive | - | estemes | - | estumes |
Inherited fromOld French, fromOld Englishēast.
est (invariable)
est m (uncountable)
Inherited fromMiddle Frenchest, fromOld Frenchest, fromLatinest, fromProto-Indo-European*h₁ésti. Next toJésus-Christ, it is the only word in which silent internals remains in modern French spelling. The expected formêt existed, but did not establish itself, in contrast toêtre andêtes. Possible reasons are the sheer frequency ofest, its exact agreement with the Latin form, and the fact that it was usually unstressed and thus shortened.
est
From thees- stem of the verbesik(“to fall”) +-t(noun-forming suffix).[1][2][3] See more ateste.
est (pluralestek)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | est | estek |
| accusative | estet | esteket |
| dative | estnek | esteknek |
| instrumental | esttel | estekkel |
| causal-final | estért | estekért |
| translative | estté | estekké |
| terminative | estig | estekig |
| essive-formal | estként | estekként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | estben | estekben |
| superessive | esten | esteken |
| adessive | estnél | esteknél |
| illative | estbe | estekbe |
| sublative | estre | estekre |
| allative | esthez | estekhez |
| elative | estből | estekből |
| delative | estről | estekről |
| ablative | esttől | estektől |
| non-attributive possessive – singular | esté | esteké |
| non-attributive possessive – plural | estéi | estekéi |
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person sing. | estem | estjeim |
| 2nd person sing. | ested | estjeid |
| 3rd person sing. | estje | estjei |
| 1st person plural | estünk | estjeink |
| 2nd person plural | estetek | estjeitek |
| 3rd person plural | estjük | estjeik |
Borrowed fromFrenchest, fromOld Englishēast.
est m (invariable)
compass points (Germanic-origin):punti cardinali: [edit]
| nordovest | nord | nordest |
| ovest | | est |
| sudovest | sud | sudest |
FromProto-Indo-European*h₁ésti.
Cognate withSanskritअस्ति(ásti),Ancient Greekἐστί(estí),Old Persian𐎠𐎿𐎫𐎡𐎹(a-s-t-i-y/astiy/),Hittite𒂊𒌍𒍣(ēszi),Old Church Slavonicѥстъ(jestŭ),Gothic𐌹𐍃𐍄(ist).
est
FromProto-Indo-European*h₁édti; form of the verbedō(“I eat”). Cognate withRussianесть(jestʹ),Latvianēst,Old Church Slavonicꙗсти(jasti).
ēst
est m (please provide plural)
FromOld Englishēast, in turn fromProto-West Germanic*austr.
est
est
est
FromOld French, fromOld Englishēast.
est m (uncountable)
FromProto-West Germanic*ansti, fromProto-Germanic*anstiz(“grace, thanks”), derivative ofProto-Germanic*unnaną(“to grant, thank”), fromProto-Indo-European*ān-(“to notice; face, mouth”).
Cognate withOld Saxonanst(“grace, favour”),Old High Germananst(“goodwill, benevolence, thanks, grace”),Gothic𐌰𐌽𐍃𐍄𐍃(ansts,“joy, grace, thankfulness”). Related toOld Englishunnan(“to grant, allow”). More atown.
ēst m orf (nominative pluralēste)
Strongi-stem:
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ēst | ēstas |
| accusative | ēst | ēstas |
| genitive | ēstes | ēsta |
| dative | ēste | ēstum |
Strongi-stem:
est
est
Borrowed fromFrenchest, fromOld Englishēast.
est n (uncountable)
| singular only | indefinite | definite |
|---|---|---|
| nominative-accusative | est | estul |
| genitive-dative | est | estului |
| vocative | estule | |
compass points (French/Germanic origin):puncte cardinale: [edit]
| nord-vest | nord | nord-est |
| vest | | est |
| sud-vest | sud | sud-est |
FromLatinest, ultimately fromProto-Indo-European*h₁ésti.
est
(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)
est (uncountable)
est (third-person singular simple presentests,present participleestan,simple pastested,past participleested)
| Audio: | (file) |
est c
| nominative | genitive | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | indefinite | est | ests |
| definite | esten | estens | |
| plural | indefinite | ester | esters |
| definite | esterna | esternas |
est
