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deep

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Deep

English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishdepe,deep,dep,deop, fromOld Englishdēop(deep, profound; awful, mysterious; heinous; serious, solemn, earnest; extreme, great), fromProto-West Germanic*deup, fromProto-Germanic*deupaz(deep), fromProto-Indo-European*dʰewbʰ-nós, from*dʰewbʰ-(deep).

Cognates

Cognate withScotsdepe(deep),Saterland Frisiandjoop(deep),West Frisiandjip(deep),Low Germandeep(deep),Dutchdiep(deep),Germantief(deep),Danishdyb(deep),Norwegian Bokmåldyp(deep),Norwegian Nynorsk andSwedishdjup(deep),Icelandicdjúpur(deep),Lithuaniandubùs(deep, hollow),Albaniandet(sea),Welshdwfn(deep).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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deep (comparativedeeperormoredeep,superlativedeepestormostdeep)

  1. (of distance or position; also figurative) Extending, reaching or positioned far from a point of reference, especially downwards.
    1. Extendingfardown from thetop, orsurface, to thebottom, literally or figuratively.
      The lake is extremelydeep.
      We hiked into adeep valley between tall mountains.
      There was adeep layer of dust on the floor; the room had not been disturbed for many years.
      In the mid-1970s, the economy went into adeep recession.
      We are indeep trouble.
      • 1591 (date written),William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Sixt, []”, inMr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies. [] (First Folio), London: [] Isaac Iaggard, andEd[ward] Blount, published1623,→OCLC,[Act III, scene i],page130, column 2:
        Smooth runnes the Water, where the Brooke isdeepe,
      • 1918,W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter V, inThe Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.:The Bobbs-Merrill Company,→OCLC:
        Here, in the transept and choir, where the service was being held, one was conscious every moment of an increasing brightness; colours glowing vividly beneath the circular chandeliers, and the rows of small lights on the choristers' desks flashed and sparkled in front of the boys' faces,deep linen collars, and red neckbands.
      • 2013 September 28,Kenan Malik, “London Is Special, but Not That Special”, inNew York Times, retrieved28 September 2013:
        While Britain’s recession has beendeep and unforgiving, in London it has been relatively shallow.
      • 2015 July 11, “Antimicrobial Photoinactivation Using Visible Light Plus Water-Filtered Infrared-A (VIS + wIRA) Alters In Situ Oral Biofilms”, inPLOS ONE[1],→DOI:
        The differences in biofilm penetration patterns of both tested photosensitisers and the light source could have played an important role for the survival of microorganisms after the application of aPDT. In a recent own study, we showed that thedeepest layers of the oral biofilm were not affected by the aPDT [4 ].
    2. Positioned far from the surface or other reference point, especially down through something or into something.
      Diving down todeep wrecks can be dangerous.
      I can't get the bullet out – it's toodeep.
    3. Far inextent in another (non-downwards, but generally also non-upwards) direction, especially front-to-back.
      The shelves are 30 centimetresdeep. — They aredeep shelves.
      That cyclist'sdeep chest allows him to draw more air.
    4. (in combination) Extending to a level or length equivalent to the stated thing.
      The water was waist-deep.
      There is an arm-deep hole in the wall.
    5. In a (specified) number ofrows orlayers.
      a crowd threedeep along the funeral procession
    6. Voluminous.
      to take adeep breath / sigh / drink
      • 1910,Emerson Hough, chapter I, inThe Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.:The Bobbs-Merrill Company,→OCLC:
        Serene, smiling, enigmatic, she faced him with no fear whatever showing in her dark eyes.[]She put back a truant curl from her forehead where it had sought egress to the world, and looked him full in the face now, drawing adeep breath which caused the round of her bosom to lift the lace at her throat.
    7. (cricket, baseball, softball) Far from the center of the playing area, near to theboundary of the playing area, either in absolute terms or relative to a point of reference.
      He is fielding atdeep mid wicket.
      She hit a ball intodeep center field.
    8. (sports such as soccer, tennis) Penetrating a long way, especially a long way forward.
      adeep volley
      adeep run into the opposition half
    9. (sports such as soccer, American football, tennis) Positioned back, ordownfield, towards one's own goal, or towards or behind one'sbaseline or similar reference point.
      Our defensive live is toodeep. We need to move further up the field.
      She returns serve from a verydeep position.
    10. (anatomy, often withto) Further into thebody.
      Antonym:superficial
      the brachialis isdeep to the biceps
      • 2018 November 8, Dr. Melina Jampolis, “The real science behind fascia ailments”, inCNN[2]:
        The superficial fascia surrounds the body and includes subcutaneous fat; thedeep fascia surrounds the musculoskeletal system; the meningeal fascia surrounds the nervous system; the visceral fascia surrounds body cavities and organs.
  2. (intellectual, social) Complex, involved.
    1. Profound, havinggreatmeaning orimport, but possiblyobscure or notobvious.
      That is adeep thought!
    2. Significant, notsuperficial, inextent.
      They're indeep discussion.
    3. Hard topenetrate orcomprehend; profound;intricate;obscure.
      adeep subject or plot
      • c. 1840,Thomas De Quincey:
        Why it was that the ancients had no landscape painting, is a questiondeep almost as the mystery of life, and harder of solution than all the problems of jurisprudence combined.
    4. Ofpenetrating orfar-reachingintellect; not superficial;thoroughlyskilled;sagacious;cunning.
    5. Inner,underlying,true;relating to one’sinner orprivatebeing rather than what isvisible on thesurface.
      • 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson],In Memoriam, London:Edward Moxon, [],→OCLC, Canto XVI,page26:
        Or doth she only seem to take
        ⁠The touch of change in calm or storm;
        ⁠But knows no more of transient form
        In herdeep self, than some dead lake
        That holds the shadow of a lark
        ⁠Hung in the shadow of a heaven?
  3. (sound, voice) Low inpitch.
    She has a verydeepcontralto voice.
    • 1921,Ben Travers, chapter 5, inA Cuckoo in the Nest, Garden City, N.Y.:Doubleday, Page & Company, published1925,→OCLC:
      The departure was not unduly prolonged.[]Within the door Mrs. Spoker hastily imparted to Mrs. Love a few final sentiments on the subject of Divine Intention in the disposition of buckets; farewells and last commiserations; adeep, guttural instigation to the horse; and the wheels of the waggonette crunched heavily away into obscurity.
  4. (of a color or flavour)Highlysaturated;rich.
    That's a verydeep shade of blue.
    The spices impart adeep flavour to the dish.
    • 1897 December (indicated as1898),Winston Churchill, chapter VIII, inThe Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.:The Macmillan Company; London:Macmillan & Co., Ltd.,→OCLC:
      The day was cool and snappy for August, and the Rise all green with a lavish nature. Now we plunged into adeep shade with the boughs lacing each other overhead, and crossed dainty, rustic bridges over the cold trout-streams, the boards giving back the clatter of our horses' feet: [].
  5. (sleep)Sound,heavy (describing a state of sleep from which one is not easily awoken).
    He was in adeep sleep.
  6. Muddy;boggy;sandy; said ofroads.
  7. (of time)Distant in the past,ancient.
    deep time
    in thedeep past

Synonyms

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Antonyms

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Hyponyms

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Derived terms

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Translations

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having its bottom far down
a long way inward
a long way forward
in extent in a direction away from the observer
in a number of rows or layers
thick in a vertical direction
voluminous
profound
of a sound or voice, low in pitch
of a color, dark and highly saturated
difficult to awake from
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

See also

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Adverb

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deep (comparativemore deepordeeper,superlativemost deepordeepest)

  1. Far, especially far down through something or into something, physically or figuratively.
    The ogre lived in a cavedeep underground.
    We ventureddeep into the forest.
    His problems liedeep in the subconscious.
    I amdeep in debt.
    • 1992, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster,The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, Chicago, Ill.:Field Museum of Natural History,→ISBN, page vii:
      Hepaticology, outside the temperate parts of the Northern Hemisphere, still liesdeep in the shadow cast by that ultimate "closet taxonomist," Franz Stephani—a ghost whose shadow falls over us all.
    • 2013 September 28,Kenan Malik, “London Is Special, but Not That Special”, inThe New York Times[3], retrieved28 September 2013:
      It is one of the ironies of capital cities that each acts as a symbol of its nation, and yet few are even remotely representative of it. London has always set itself apart from the rest of Britain — but political, economic and social trends are conspiring to drive that wedgedeeper.
  2. (alsodeeply) In aprofound, notsuperficial, manner.
    I thought long anddeep.
  3. (alsodeeply) In large volume.
    breathedeep,drinkdeep
  4. (sports) Back towards one's own goal, baseline, or similar.
    He's normally a midfield player, but today he's playingdeep.

Derived terms

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Translations

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deeply

Noun

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deep (countable anduncountable,pluraldeeps)

  1. (literary, with "the") The deep part of a lake, sea, etc.
    creatures of thedeep
  2. (with "the") The sea, theocean.
  3. A deep hole or pit, a water well; anabyss.
    • Psalm 42 verse 7:
      Deep calleth unto deep at the noise of thy waterfalls: All thy waves and thy billows are gone over me.
  4. A deep orinnermost part of something in general.
  5. (literary, with "the") A silent time; quiet isolation.
    thedeep of night
  6. (rare) A deep shade of colour.
    • 2014, William H. Gass,On Being Blue: A Philosophical Inquiry, page59:
      For our blues we have the azures and ceruleans, lapis lazulis, the light and dusty, the powder blues, thedeeps: royal, sapphire, navy, and marine[]
  7. (US, rare) The profound part of a problem.
  8. (cricket) A fielding position near the boundary.
    Russell is a safe pair of hands in thedeep.

Derived terms

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Terms derived from the noundeep

Related terms

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Terms related to the adjective, adverb, or noundeep

Translations

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(literary) part of a lake, sea, etc
(US, rare) part of a problem
the sea, the ocean
(cricket) a fielding position near the boundary

Verb

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deep (third-person singular simple presentdeeps,present participledeeping,simple past and past participledeeped)

  1. (slang, transitive) Tooverthink; to treat as beingdeeper(more profound, significant) than in reality.
    ― Ugh, why are these road markings so awfully arranged?
    ― Quitdeeping it bro, just drive, innit.

See also

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References

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Anagrams

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Central Franconian

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Alternative forms

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  • deef(northern Moselle Franconian; now predominant in Ripuarian)
  • dief(southern Moselle Franconian)

Etymology

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Ultimately fromProto-West Germanic*deup. One of several Ripuarian relict words with anunshifted post-vocalic plosive. CompareAap(ape),söke(to seek).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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deep (masculinedeepe,feminine and pluraldeepeordeep,comparativerdeeper,superlativeetdeepste)

  1. (Ripuarian, archaic in many dialects)deep

Middle English

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Adjective

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deep

  1. Alternative form ofdepe

Adverb

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deep

  1. Alternative form ofdepe

Plautdietsch

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Low Germandiep, fromOld Saxondiop.

Adjective

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deep

  1. deep,profound
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