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damage

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:

damage

Wikipedia

Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishdamage, fromOld Frenchdamage, fromVulgar Latin*damnāticum from ClassicalLatindamnum. Compare modernFrenchdommage. DisplacedMiddle Englishscath.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈdæmɪd͡ʒ/,(Indic)/ˈɖæmeːd͡ʒ/
Audio(US): (file)
Hyphenation:dam‧age
Rhymes:-æmɪdʒ

Noun

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damage (countable anduncountable,pluraldamages)

Injury orharm; the condition or measure of something not beingintact.
The storm did a lot ofdamage to the area.
- 1625,Francis [Bacon], “Of Friendship”, inThe Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret,→OCLC:
  Great errors and absurdities many[…]commit for want of a friend to tell them of them, to the greatdamage both of their fame and fortune.
(slang)Cost orexpense.
"What's thedamage?" he asked the waiter.

Usage notes

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Currently it is only used as an uncountable noun,^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5] except in the specialist legal plural-only sense,which see. There are few examples of the obsolete countable (singular) use.^[6]

abstract measure of something not being intact; harm

Albanian:dëmtim (sq) m,dëm m
Arabic:عُطْل m(ʕuṭl),ضَرَر (ar) m(ḍarar),أِضْرَار m(ʔiḍrār),تَلَف m(talaf),خَسَارَة f(ḵasāra)
Armenian:վնաս (hy)(vnas)
Asturian:dañu m
Avar:зарар(zarar)
Azerbaijani:xəsarət,zərər (az)
Bashkir:зыян(zıyan)
Belarusian:пашко́джанне n(paškódžannje),шко́да f(škóda),стра́та f(stráta)
Bengali:সদমা(śodoma)
Bulgarian:щета́ (bg) f(štetá),ущъ́рб (bg) m(uštǎ́rb)
Catalan:dany (ca) m,perjudici (ca) m,damnatge m
Chinese:
Hokkien:損害 /损害 (zh-min-nan)(sún-hāi),敗害 /败害(pāi-hāi)
Mandarin:損害 /损害 (zh)(sǔnhài)
Czech:poškození (cs) n,škoda (cs) f
Dalmatian:damno
Danish:skade (da) c,beskadigelse (da) c
Dutch:schade (nl) f
Esperanto:damaĝo
Estonian:kahju (et)
Finnish:vaurio (fi),vahinko (fi),tuho (fi),hävitys (fi)
French:dégât (fr) m,dommage (fr) m
Friulian:dam m,daneç m
Galician:dano (gl) m
Georgian:ზიანი(ziani),ვნება(vneba),გაფუჭება (ka)(gapuč̣eba)
German:Schaden (de) m
Greek:ζημιά (el) f(zimiá),ζημία (el) f(zimía)
Ancient:βλάβη f(blábē)
Hebrew:נֶזֶק (he) m(nézek)
Hindi:नुक़सान m(nuqsān),हानी f(hānī),क्षति (hi) f(kṣati)
Hungarian:kár (hu)
Icelandic:sköddun f
Ingrian:kaiho
Irish:damáiste m,díobháil f,millteanas m
Istriot:dagno m
Italian:danno (it) m
Japanese:痛手 (ja)(いたで, itade),損害 (ja)(そんがい, songai),損傷 (ja)(そんしょう, sonshō)
Kazakh:зиян(ziän),нұқсан(nūqsan)
Korean:손해(損害) (ko)(sonhae),손상(損傷) (ko)(sonsang)
Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish:zîyan (ku)
Kyrgyz:зыян (ky)(zıyan)
Latin:noxia f
Latvian:bojājums m,postījums m
Lithuanian:žala f,nuostolis (lt) m,sugadinimas m
Lombard:dann (lmo)
Macedonian:штета f(šteta),оштетување n(oštetuvanje)
Malay:kerosakan (ms)
Maori:pākarutanga
Middle English:damage
Mongolian:
Cyrillic:гэмтэл (mn)(gemtel)
Mongolian:ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠦᠯ(gemtül)
Norwegian:
Bokmål:skade (no) m
Nynorsk:skade m
Occitan:damatge (oc) m
Old English:æfwerdelsa m,æfwerdla m,hearm m,æfwyrdla m
Ottoman Turkish:ضرر(zarar),زیان(ziyan),مضرت(mazarrat)
Persian:زیان (fa)(ziyân),خسارت (fa)(xesârat),آسیب (fa)(âsib),آک (fa)(âk),ضرر (fa)(zarar)
Polish:uszkodzenie (pl) n,szkoda (pl) f
Portuguese:avaria (pt) f,dano (pt) m,estrago (pt) m
Romanian:daună (ro) f,avarie (ro) f,pagubă (ro) f,deteriorare (ro) f
Romansch:donn
Russian:поврежде́ние (ru) n(povreždénije),уще́рб (ru) m(uščérb),вред (ru) m(vred)
Sanskrit:क्षति (sa) f(kṣati)
Scottish Gaelic:coire f,milleadh m
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic:ште̏та f
Roman:štȅta (sh) f
Sicilian:dammaggiu (scn) m
Slovak:poškodenie n,škoda f
Slovene:škoda (sl) f
Spanish:daño (es) m,damno m(historic)
Swedish:skada (sv) c
Tagalog:pinsala,nasira,nagiba,kapinsalaan (tl)
Tajik:зарар (tg)(zarar),вайрон (tg)(vayron),зиён (tg)(ziyon),хисорат(xisorat)
Tatar:зыян (tt)(zıyan)
Thai:ความเสียหาย (th)(kwaam-sǐia-hǎai)
Tocharian B:karep
Turkish:zarar (tr),hasar (tr),ziyan (tr)
Turkmen:zyýan (tk)
Ukrainian:пошко́дження(poškódžennja),шко́да (uk)(škóda),зби́тки(zbýtky)
Urdu:نقصان m(nuqsān)
Uyghur:زىيان(ziyan)
Uzbek:zarar (uz),ziyon (uz)
Welsh:difrod (cy) m,amhariad m,amhariadau pl
West Frisian:skea c

cost or expense

Azerbaijani:zərər (az)
Belarusian:стра́та f(stráta)
Bulgarian:вреда́ (bg) f(vredá),щета́ (bg) f(štetá)
Chinese:
Mandarin:損失 /损失 (zh)(sǔnshī)
Czech:cena (cs) f
Danish:skade (da) c
Dutch:schade (nl)
Finnish:kulu (fi),hinta (fi),kustannus (fi)
French:dégât (fr) m,dommage (fr) m
Georgian:ზარალი(zarali)
German:Schaden (de) m
Greek:ζημιά (el) f(zimiá),ζημία (el) f(zimía)
Italian:danno (it) m
Japanese:損失 (ja)(そんしつ, sonshitsu)
Korean:손실 (ko)(sonsil)
Macedonian:штета f(šteta)
Portuguese:estrago (pt) m
Romanian:stricăciune (ro) f,pagube f pl,daune f pl
Russian:уще́рб (ru) m(uščérb),убы́ток (ru) m(ubýtok)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic:ште̏та f
Roman:štȅta (sh) f
Spanish:daño (es) m
Tagalog:pinsala,kapinsalaan (tl)
Ukrainian:шко́да (uk) f(škóda),зби́тки m pl(zbýtky)
Uzbek:zarar (uz)

Verb

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damage (third-person singular simple presentdamages,present participledamaging,simple past and past participledamaged)

(transitive) To impair the soundness, goodness, or value of; toharm or causedestruction.
Synonyms:harm,injure;see alsoThesaurus:harm,Thesaurus:destroy
Be careful not todamage any of the fragile items while unpacking them.
Cold temperatures, heavy rain, falling rocks, strong winds and glacier movement candamage the equipment.
- 1774,Edward Long,The History of Jamaica. Or, General Survey of the Antient and Modern State of that Island, volume 2, book 2, chapter 7,5:
  The building was erected in two years, at the parochial expence, on the foundation of the former one, which was irreparablydamaged by the hurricane of Auguſt, 1712.
- 1702–1704,Edward [Hyde, 1st] Earl of Clarendon, “(please specify |book=I to XVI)”, inThe History of the Rebellion and Civil Wars in England, Begun in the Year 1641. […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed at the[Sheldonian] Theater, published1707,→OCLC:
  He[…] came up to the English admiral and gave him a broadside, with which he killed many of his men anddamaged the ship.
(intransitive, obsolete) To undergo damage; to take damage.
(transitive) To remove a damaged or unsalable item from the sales floor for processing.
Did youdamage the items that the customer returned yet?

Derived terms

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Translations

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to make something less intact or even destroy it; to harm or cause destruction

Albanian:dëmtoj (sq)
Armenian:վնասել (hy)(vnasel)
Asturian:dañar
Basque:kalte egin (eu)
Bulgarian:повреждам (bg)(povreždam)
Catalan:danyar (ca)
Chinese:
Mandarin:毀壞 /毁坏 (zh)(huǐhuài)
Czech:poškodit (cs)
Danish:beskadige (da),gøreskade på,tilføje skade
Dutch:beschadigen (nl)
Esperanto:damaĝi,difekti (eo)
Finnish:vaurioittaa (fi),vahingoittaa (fi)
French:endommager (fr),abîmer (fr)
Galician:danar (gl)
Georgian:დაზიანება(dazianeba),გაფუჭება (ka)(gapuč̣eba)
German:beschädigen (de)
Gothic:𐌰𐌲𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽(agljan)
Greek:
Ancient:βλάπτω(bláptō)
Hebrew:הזיק (he)(hizík)
Hungarian:megkárosít (hu),megrongál (hu),tönkretesz (hu)
Icelandic:skadda
Ido:domajar (io)
Irish:damáistigh,déan damáiste,déan díobháil,loit
Italian:danneggiare (it),rovinare (it),macchiare (it)
Japanese:損なう (ja)(sokonau),傷付ける(kizutsukeru)
Javanese:rusak (jv)
Ladino:aharientar
Latin:noceō (la)
Latvian:sabojāt,sasist,sapostīt
Lithuanian:sugadinti,padaryti nuostolių,padaryti žalos,pakenkti
Macedonian:оштетува(oštetuva),расипува(rasipuva)
Malay:rosak (ms)
Maori:whakakaurapa,whakakeretā
Middle English:damagen
Old English:derian,gesargian,sliþan
Ottoman Turkish:بوزمق(bozmak)
Polish:uszkadzać (pl),psuć (pl)
Portuguese:estragar (pt),danar (pt),avariar (pt),danificar (pt)
Romanian:dăuna (ro),defecta (ro),strica (ro),deteriora (ro),avaria (ro)
Russian:поврежда́ть (ru) impf(povreždátʹ),повреди́ть (ru) pf(povredítʹ);по́ртить (ru) impf(pórtitʹ),испо́ртить (ru) pf(ispórtitʹ);наноси́ть уще́рб impf(nanosítʹ uščérb),нанести́ уще́рб pf(nanestí uščérb)
Serbo-Croatian:oštetiti (sh),pokvariti (sh)
Spanish:dañar (es),quiñar (es)
Swedish:skada (sv)
Ukrainian:пошко́джувати(poškódžuvaty),шко́дити(škódyty),псува́ти (uk)(psuváty),завдава́ти зиби́тків(zavdaváty zybýtkiv)
Welsh:amharu (cy)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Albanian:^{(pleaseverify)}dëm
Arabic:^{(pleaseverify)}ضَرَرَ (ar)(ḍarara)
Azerbaijani:^{(pleaseverify)}xarab etmə
Estonian:^{(pleaseverify)}vigastus
Hebrew:^{(pleaseverify)}אָבְדָן(avdan)
Hindi:^{(pleaseverify)}हानि (hi)(hāni),^{(pleaseverify)}घटा (hi)(ghaṭā),^{(pleaseverify)}क्षति (hi)(kṣati)
Indonesian:^{(pleaseverify)}kerusakan (id)
Korean:^{(pleaseverify)}손상 (ko)(sonsang)
Latin:^{(pleaseverify)}damnum n
Mongolian:^(please verify)хохирол (mn)(xoxirol)
Norwegian:^{(pleaseverify)}skade (no)
Persian:^{(pleaseverify)}آسیب (fa)(âsib)
Serbo-Croatian:^{(pleaseverify)}оштетити,^{(pleaseverify)}ošteteti
Serbo-Croatian:^{(pleaseverify)}uništiti (sh)
Slovak:^{(pleaseverify)}cena (sk)
Swahili:^{(pleaseverify)}afa (sw)
Tagalog:^{(pleaseverify)}kapinsalaan (tl)
Telugu:^{(pleaseverify)}చెరుపు (te)(cerupu),^{(pleaseverify)}నష్టము (te)(naṣṭamu)
Thai:^{(pleaseverify)}ความเสียหาย (th)(kwaam sĭa hăai)
Turkish:^{(pleaseverify)}zarar (tr)
Ukrainian:^{(pleaseverify)}шкода́ (uk)(škodá)
Uyghur:^{(pleaseverify)}eziyet
Vietnamese:^{(pleaseverify)}mối hại
Yiddish:^{(pleaseverify)}[script needed](hesek)

References

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^“damage”, inCambridge English Dictionary, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire:Cambridge University Press, 1999–present.
^“damage”, inCollins English Dictionary.
^“damage” inLongman Dictionary of Contemporary English,Longman.
^“damage” (US) / “damage” (UK) inMacmillan English Dictionary.
^“damage”, inOxford Learner's Dictionaries
^“that I…brought faire beauty to so fowlea domage” (Thomas Watson,The tears of Fancie, or Love disdained, 1593);“…however, ’tisan unspeakable damage to him for want of his money.” (Daniel Defoe,Colonel Jack, 1840)