FromOld Frenchcrever, inherited fromLatincrepāre(“to rattle, creak, crack”).
The informal sense of 'die' is shared with theItalian cognatecrepare andRomaniancrăpa.
crever
This verb is conjugated likeparler, except the-e-/ə/ of the second-to-last syllable becomes-è-/ɛ/ when the next vowel is a silent or schwa-e-, as in the third-person singular present indicativeil crève and the third-person singular future indicativeil crèvera.
| infinitive | simple | crever | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle orgerund1 | simple | crevant /kʁə.vɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | crevé /kʁə.ve/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | crève /kʁɛv/ | crèves /kʁɛv/ | crève /kʁɛv/ | crevons /kʁə.vɔ̃/ | crevez /kʁə.ve/ | crèvent /kʁɛv/ |
| imperfect | crevais /kʁə.vɛ/ | crevais /kʁə.vɛ/ | crevait /kʁə.vɛ/ | crevions /kʁə.vjɔ̃/ | creviez /kʁə.vje/ | crevaient /kʁə.vɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | crevai /kʁə.ve/ | crevas /kʁə.va/ | creva /kʁə.va/ | crevâmes /kʁə.vam/ | crevâtes /kʁə.vat/ | crevèrent /kʁə.vɛʁ/ | |
| future | crèverai /kʁɛ.vʁe/ or/kʁe.vʁe/ | crèveras /kʁɛ.vʁa/ or/kʁe.vʁa/ | crèvera /kʁɛ.vʁa/ or/kʁe.vʁa/ | crèverons /kʁɛ.vʁɔ̃/ or/kʁe.vʁɔ̃/ | crèverez /kʁɛ.vʁe/ or/kʁe.vʁe/ | crèveront /kʁɛ.vʁɔ̃/ or/kʁe.vʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | crèverais /kʁɛ.vʁɛ/ or/kʁe.vʁɛ/ | crèverais /kʁɛ.vʁɛ/ or/kʁe.vʁɛ/ | crèverait /kʁɛ.vʁɛ/ or/kʁe.vʁɛ/ | crèverions /kʁɛ.və.ʁjɔ̃/ or/kʁe.və.ʁjɔ̃/ | crèveriez /kʁɛ.və.ʁje/ or/kʁe.və.ʁje/ | crèveraient /kʁɛ.vʁɛ/ or/kʁe.vʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | crève /kʁɛv/ | crèves /kʁɛv/ | crève /kʁɛv/ | crevions /kʁə.vjɔ̃/ | creviez /kʁə.vje/ | crèvent /kʁɛv/ |
| imperfect2 | crevasse /kʁə.vas/ | crevasses /kʁə.vas/ | crevât /kʁə.va/ | crevassions /kʁə.va.sjɔ̃/ | crevassiez /kʁə.va.sje/ | crevassent /kʁə.vas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | crève /kʁɛv/ | — | crevons /kʁə.vɔ̃/ | crevez /kʁə.ve/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | — | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the prepositionen. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995],Master the Basics: French, pp.77,78,79,81). | |||||||
crever
crever
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in-er. The forms that would normally end in *-v, *-vs, *-vt are modified tof,s,t. This verb has a stressed present stemcriev distinct from the unstressed stemcrev. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | crever | avoircrevé | |||||
| gerund | encrevant | gerund ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| present participle | crevant | ||||||
| past participle | crevé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses | present | crief | crieves | crieve | crevons | crevez | crievent |
| imperfect | crevoie,creveie,crevoe,creveve | crevoies,creveies,crevoes,creveves | crevoit,creveit,crevot,creveve | creviiens,creviens | creviiez,creviez | crevoient,creveient,crevoent,crevevent | |
| preterite | crevai | crevas | creva | crevames | crevastes | creverent | |
| future | creverai | creveras | crevera | creverons | creveroiz,crevereiz,creverez | creveront | |
| conditional | creveroie,crevereie | creveroies,crevereies | creveroit,crevereit | creveriiens,creveriens | creveriiez,creveriez | creveroient,crevereient | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | present tense ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect tense ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | preterite tense ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future tense ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional tense ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses | present | crief | cries | criet | crevons | crevez | crievent |
| imperfect | crevasse | crevasses | crevast | crevissons,crevissiens | crevissoiz,crevissez,crevissiez | crevassent | |
| compound tenses | past | present subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | crieve | — | crevons | crevez | — | ||