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corruption

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromFrenchcorruption, fromLatincorruptiō, equivalent tocorrupt +‎-ion.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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corruption (countable anduncountable,pluralcorruptions)

EnglishWikipedia has articles on:
WikipediaWikipedia
  1. The act of corrupting or ofimpairingintegrity,virtue, ormoralprinciple; thestate of being corrupted ordebased; loss ofpurity orintegrity.[1]
    • 1827, Henry Hallam,The Constitutional History of England from the Accession ofHenry VII. to the Death ofGeorge II. [], volume(please specify |volume=I or II), London:John Murray, [],→OCLC:
      It was necessary, by exposing the grosscorruptions of monasteries,[] to exite popular indignation against them.
    • 1834–1874,George Bancroft,History of the United States, from the Discovery of the American Continent, volume(please specify |volume=I to X), Boston, Mass.:Little, Brown and Company [et al.],→OCLC:
      They abstained from some of the worst methods ofcorruption usual to their party in its earlier days.
    • 2006,Edwin Black, chapter 1, inInternal Combustion[1]:
      But electric vehicles and the batteries that made them run became ensnared in corporate scandals, fraud, and monopolisticcorruption that shook the confidence of the nation and inspired automotive upstarts.
    • 2013 June 7,Gary Younge, “Hypocrisy lies at heart of Manning prosecution”, inThe Guardian Weekly, volume188, number26, page18:
      WikiLeaks did not cause these uprisings but it certainly informed them. The dispatches revealed details ofcorruption and kleptocracy that many Tunisians suspected, but could not prove, and would cite as they took to the streets.
  2. The act of corrupting or makingputrid, or state of beingcorrupt or putrid; decomposition or disorganization, in the process of putrefaction;putrefaction;deterioration.[1]
    • 1627 (indicated as1626),Francis [Bacon], “(please specify the page, or |century=I to X)”, inSylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. [], London:[]William Rawley [];[p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee [],→OCLC:
      The inducing and accelerating of putrefaction is a subject of very universal inquiry; forcorruption is a reciprocal to generation.
  3. The product of corruption; putrid matter.[1]
    • 1820,[Charles Robert Maturin],Melmoth the Wanderer: A Tale. [], volume II, Edinburgh:[]Archibald Constable and Company, and Hurst, Robinson, and Co., [],→OCLC,page154:
      Think of wandering amid sepulchral ruins, of stumbling over the bones of the dead, of encountering what I cannot describe,—the horror of being among those who are neither the living or the dead;—those dark and shadowless things that sport themselves with the reliques of the dead, and feast and love amidcorruption,—ghastly, mocking, and terrific.
  4. Thedecomposition of biological matter.
  5. Unethical administrative or executive practices (in government or business), includingbribery (offering or receiving bribes),conflicts of interest,nepotism,embezzlement, and so on.
    Synonym:venality
  6. (computing) Thedestruction ofdata bymanipulation of parts of it, either by deliberate or accidental human action or byimperfections instorage ortransmission media.
    • 2008, Tony Redmond,Microsoft Exchange Server 2007 with SP1:
      The idea of having a time lag is to allow for situations when acorruption of some type affects the source server. If a corruption occurs, you do not want it to replicate to the copy of the database, so the time lag gives administrators the opportunity to recognize that a problem exists and then to have the ability to switch from the database copy if thecorruption is so bad that it renders the original database unusable.
  7. The act of changing, or of being changed, for the worse; departure from what is pure, simple, or correct.[1]
    acorruption of style
    corruption of innocence
  8. (metalanguage) Anonstandard form of a word, expression, or text, especially when resulting frommisunderstanding,transcription error, ormishearing.(See ausage note about this sense.)
    • 1839 [1829], “Grammar”, inThe London Encyclopædia, or, Universal Dictionary of Science, Art, Literature and Practical Mechanics, Including an English Lexicon, on the Basis of Dr. Johnson's Larger Dictionary; by the Original Editor of the Encyclopædia Metropolitana, Assisted by Eminent Professional and Other Gentlemen[2], volume19, London, England:Thomas Tegg, page355:
      The affixty, like, Fr.,ta, It.,dad, Sp., is acorruption of the Latin affixtas,tat, and Greektes; as bounty, bonté, Fr., bonta, It., bondad, Sp., bonitas from bonus, good; vanity, vanité, Fr., vanita, It., vanidad, Sp, vanitas from vanus, vain.
    • 1897,Bram Stoker, chapter I, inDracula, New York:Grosset & Dunlap:
      The estate is called Carfax, no doubt acorruption of the old Quatre Face, as the house is four-sided, agreeing with the cardinal points of the compass.
    • 1996, Bart D. Ehrman,The Orthodox Corruption of Scripture:
      Even though the longer ending of Mark is itself secondary, its wording was no more immune to corruption than any other portion of the New Testament text (as scribes would normally not know they were corrupting acorruption).
  9. Something originally good or pure that has turned evil or impure; aperversion.
    • 1740, John Leland,An Answer to a Book Intituled, Christianity as Old as the Creation:
      God creates and produces them, but it is according to the Laws of this Species of Beings who were made to propagate one another, so that in this Production earthly Parents are the Instruments. And how far they may be the Instruments in conveying aCorruption or Pravity, is what we cannot distinctly explain; but to make this alone a Rason for denying it, would argue great Rashness and want of Reflection.
    • 1831, Robert Mackenzie Beverley,The Tombs of the Prophets, page iii:
      Far be it from me, however, to attribute the success tomy exertions: I know very well that the whole success depends on the corruption and weakness of that system which I attack; for all that is requisite in this siege, isto tell the truth: let the truth be told, without concealment, and without fear of giving offence, and against such warfare the Church of England has no sort of chance: hercorruptions and her abuses are so monstrous, that they need be only shewn to he hated; the only difficulty is to find persons who have the courage to withdraw the veil from the abominations that stand in the holy place.
    • 1841, John McKerrow,History of the Secession church, page143:
      They admitted that there werecorruptions in the Church of Scotland, but denied that thesecorruptions were such as to render a separation from her necessary.
    • 1855, Ezekiel Hopkins,The Works of the Right Reverend Ezekiel Hopkins:
      Let not lazy Christians ever think they shall be more than conquerors, while they use only drowsy and yawning desires, and wish that such a lust were weakened, that such acorruption were mortified and subdued, but never rouse up their graces against them.
    • 2012, Shaun Robinson,A Knights Realm: Forsaken Rise, page14:
      We believe acorruption has started, we have feared this day for many years; ever since we got reports that a dark cult containing a small amount of members had been praying to the underworld god Volkin, and that they were never caught.

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Related terms

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Translations

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the act of impairing integrity
the act of making putrid, or state of being corrupt or putrid; decomposition or disorganization, in the process of putrefaction; putrefaction; deterioration
the product of corruption; putrid matter
the decomposition of biological matter
seeking bribes
(computing) the destruction of data by manipulation of parts of it, either by deliberate or accidental human action or by imperfections in storage or transmission media
the act of changing, or of being changed, for the worse; departure from what is pure, simple, or correct
(linguistics) a debased or nonstandard form of a word, expression, or text, resulting from misunderstanding, transcription error, mishearing, etc.
something that was originally good but has become bad
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

References

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  1. 1.01.11.21.3corruption”, inWebster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.:G. & C. Merriam,1913,→OCLC.

French

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Etymology

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Inherited fromOld Frenchcorruption, borrowed fromLatincorruptiōnem.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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corruption f (pluralcorruptions)

  1. corruption(act of corrupting)
  2. corruption(state of being corrupt)
  3. corruption(putrefaction)
  4. (figurative)corruption(bribing)

Related terms

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Further reading

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Anagrams

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Old French

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromLatincorruptiō, corruptiōnem.

Noun

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corruptionoblique singularf (oblique pluralcorruptions,nominative singularcorruption,nominative pluralcorruptions)

  1. corruption(state of being corrupted)

Related terms

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Descendants

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