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child

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:ChildandChild.

English

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A woman with two childrenc. 1933.

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishchild, fromOld Englishċild, fromProto-West Germanic*kilþ,*kelþ, fromProto-Germanic*kelþaz(“womb;fetus”), fromProto-Indo-European*ǵelt-(“womb”), perhaps fromProto-Indo-European*gel-(“to ball up, amass”).

Cognate withDanishkuld(“brood,litter”),Swedishkull(“brood,litter”),Icelandickelta,kjalta(“lap”),Gothic𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌸𐌴𐌹(kilþei,“womb”),Sanskritजर्त(jarta),जर्तु(jártu,“vulva”).

Alternative forms

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Noun

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child (pluralchildrenor(dialectal or archaic)childer)

  2. (broadly) Aperson who has not yet reachedadulthood, whethernatural (puberty),cultural (initiation), orlegal (majority).
    Synonym:kid
    Hyponyms:newborn,neonate,preteen,adolescent,tweenager,teenager,tween,teen,preadult
    Go easy on him: he is but achild.
    • 2003 Powerpuff Girls: 'Twas the Fight Before Christmas (narration)
      And not just thechildren, teenagers too. Chuck wants a football, Kathleen a tattoo.
    • 2013 June 7,Joseph Stiglitz, “Globalisation is about taxes too”, inThe Guardian Weekly‎[1], volume188, number26, page19:
      It is time the international community faced the reality: we have an unmanageable, unfair, distortionary global tax regime.[…] It is the starving of the public sector which has been pivotal in America no longer being the land of opportunity – with achild's life prospects more dependent on the income and education of its parents than in other advanced countries.
    • 2025 April 27, Dakin Andone, “3 children who are US citizens — including one with cancer — deported with their mothers, lawyers and advocacy groups say”, inCNN‎[2]:
      In one case, a mother was deported and took her 2-year-oldchild with her, while the other involves another mother deported and her 4- and 7-year-oldchildren went with her, the American Civil Liberties Union and the National Immigration Project, among other organizations, said in a news release Friday.
    2. (pediatrics, sometimes, in astricter sense) A youth aged 1 to 9 years, whereasneonates are aged 0 to 1 month,infants are aged 1 to 12 months, andadolescents are aged 10 to 20 years.
      Hypernym:kid
      Coordinate terms:newborn,neonate,infant,adolescent,teenager,teen,boy,girl
    Regular chores can be appropriate forchildren, given age-appropriate limits on difficulty level and time on task.
  4. (with possessive) One'sdirectdescendant bybirth, regardless ofage; one'soffspring; ason ordaughter.
    My youngestchild is forty-three this year.
    His adultchildren visit him yearly.
  6. (cartomancy) The thirteenthLenormand card.
  8. (figurative) Afigurativeoffspring,particularly:
    1. A person considered aproduct of aplace orculture, amember of atribe or culture, regardless of age.
      thechildren of Israel
      He is achild of his times.
      • 1984,Mary Jane Matz,The Many Lives of Otto Kahn: A Biography, page 5:
        For more than forty years, he preached the creed of art and beauty. He was heir to the ancient wisdom of Israel, achild of Germany, a subject of Great Britain, later an American citizen, but in truth a citizen of the world.
      • 2009,Edward John Moreton Dunsany,Tales of Wonder, page64:
        Plash-Goo was of thechildren of the giants, whose sire was Uph. And the lineage of Uph had dwindled in bulk for the last five hundred years, till the giants were now no more than fifteen foot high; but Uph ate elephants[…]
    3. Anythingderived from orcaused by something.
    5. (computing) Adataitem,process, orobject which has asubservient orderivativerole relative to another.
      Thechild node then stores the actual data of the parent node.
      • 2011, John Mongan, Noah Kindler, Eric Giguère,Programming Interviews Exposed:
        The algorithm pops the stack to obtain a new current node when there are no morechildren (when it reaches a leaf).
  10. Alternative form ofchilde(“youth of noble birth”).
  12. (mathematics, programming) A subordinatenode of atree.
  14. (obsolete, specifically) Afemale child, agirl.
Synonyms
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Antonyms
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  • (antonym(s) of“offspring”):father,mother,parent
  • (antonym(s) of“person below the age of adulthood”):adult
  • (antonym(s) of“data item, process or object in a subordinate role”):parent
Derived terms
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Related terms
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Translations
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A user suggests that this English entry be cleaned up, giving the reason:“the translation tables don't exactly map onto the senses, particularly with regard to whether only descent or age is signified”.
Please see the discussion onRequests for cleanup(+) or thetalk page for more information and remove this template after the problem has been dealt with.
son or daughter; someone's child
a minor
(figuratively) things or abstractions derived from or caused by something
member of a tribe, a people or a race of beings
(computing) object which has a subservient or derivative role relative to another object
(mathematics) subordinate node
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

See also

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Etymology 2

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FromMiddle Englishchilden, from the nounchild.

Verb

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child (third-person singular simple presentchilds,present participlechilding,simple past and past participlechilded)

  1. (archaic, ambitransitive) Togive birth; tobeget orprocreate.
Translations
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to give birth—seegive birth

Further reading

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Middle English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited fromOld Englishċild, fromProto-Germanic*kelþaz.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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child (pluralchildren orchildre or(rare) childres or(early) child)

  1. Achild,(person who hasnotreachedadulthood):
    1. Ababy,infant,toddler; a person ininfancy.
    2. (Christianity) TheChrist child;Jesus as achild.
  2. A youngmale, especially ahireling orsquire.
  3. The young ofanimals orplants.
  4. Anoffspring, one of one'sprogeny.
  5. Achildish orstupidindividual.
  6. (figurative) Afollower of areligion(usually with the religion in the genitive preposing it)
  7. (rare) Aresult orproduct.

Declension

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Declension ofchild
singularplural
(nominative/accusative)childchildre,children
genitivechildeschildres,childrene
dativechilde1—

1Optional; mostly fossilised after Early Middle English.

Related terms

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Descendants

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References

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