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chef

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Chef,chèf,andchef-

English

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromFrenchchef (from the positions ofchefd’office andchef de cuisine),[1] fromOld Frenchchief(head, leader) (Englishchief), fromVulgar Latincapus(head) (from which alsocaptain,chieftain), fromLatincaput(head) (possibly related to Englishcap(head covering)), fromProto-Indo-European*kauput-.Doublet ofcape,capo,caput, andchief through Latin, andhead andHowth through Proto-Indo-European.

Pronunciation

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Noun

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chef (pluralchefs)

  1. Thepresidingcook in thekitchen of alargehousehold.
    • a. 1845, R. H. Barham,Blasphemer's Warning inIngoldsby Legends (1847), 3rd Ser., 245
      TheChef's peace of mind was restor'd, And in due time a banquet was placed on the board.
  2. Theheadcook of arestaurant orotherestablishment.
  3. Anycook.
    My partner is thechef of the household, while I do most of the cleaning.
  4. (slang) One who manufactures illegal drugs; acook.
    • 1998,SPIN, volume14, number 3, page100:
      But trying to stop all the nation's methchefs makes as much sense as building a wall along the Mexican border.
    • 2013, Mike Power,Drugs 2.0:
      Owsley Stanley, the world's most exacting and prolific LSDchef who supplied the majority of America's West Coast with LSD in the 1960s, claimed he made so much acid not because he wanted to change the world, but rather because it was almost impossible not to make vast quantities of the drug once the synthesis had been embarked upon.
  5. (historical) Areliquary in the shape of ahead.

Usage notes

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When used in reference to a cook with nosous-chefs or other workers beneath him, the termconnotes a certain degree ofprestige—whetherculinary education or ability—distinguishing the chef from a “cook”. As a borrowing,chef was originally italicized, but such treatment is now obsolete.Within a catering establishment, the head cook (and no-one else) will normally be addressed simply as "chef" as a term of respect.

Synonyms

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Hypernyms

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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Translations

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head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant

Verb

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chef (third-person singular simple presentchefs,present participlecheffingor(uncommon)chefing,simple past and past participlecheffedor(uncommon)chefed)

  1. (stative, informal) To work as a chef; to prepare and cook food professionally.
    • 1953,The Deke Quarterly, volume71, number 4, page32:
      It was Brick who talked on alumni relations with the active chapters and whocheffed at our steak fry (more of that later) and Mrs. Cowles who took over []
    • 1996,Sonora Review, number31, page110:
      Icheffed part-time at a nice restaurant in town.
    • 2007,Indianapolis Monthly, page68:
      He opened Oakleys in 2002, having formerlycheffed at the late, much-missed Something Different and, before that, world-renowned kitchens in Chicago[]
    • 2020, William Sitwell,The Restaurant: A History of Eating Out, Simon and Schuster,→ISBN:
      A man called Richard Briggscheffed at the Globe Tavern on Fleet Street, the White Hart Tavern in Holborn and the Temple Coffee House.
  2. (MLE, transitive) Tostab with aknife, toshank.
    Synonyms:ching,splash;see alsoThesaurus:stab
    He gotcheffed up proper.
    • 2016, “Skeng Man”, ASAP of 67 (lyrics):
      Still on my knife workchef him up with that rambo
    • 2017 June 13,@louistheroux,Twitter[1], archived fromthe original on8 November 2023:
      Child just said he'd "chef me up". I said not hungry, but it restored my faith in young generation, offering to cook for strangers.
    • 2018 August 9, “Pallance 2.0”, Taze of SMG (lyrics):
      He gotcheffed in the A in the head
    • 2018 August 16, “Ks On Who”, Sav12 of 12World (lyrics):
      Third time he was out of luck
      He tripped up and gotcheffed
    • 2019 October 9, Manuel Petrovic, quotee, “Jodie Chesney: Killer targeted 'wrong people' court told”, inBBC News[2], archived fromthe original on2019-11-06:
      Asked how he knew that, he replied: "Uh? Because I know that ... It was to do with Svenson'sop - theycheffed him up a couple of month or something, a couple of months before.
  3. (Internetslang) To impress others.
    • 2020, “Drip Like Me”, performed by Kenndog:
      thinkin' that I becheffin'.'

Descendants

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References

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  1. ^chef”, inOED OnlinePaid subscription required, Oxford:Oxford University Press, launched 2000.

Basque

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromFrenchchef.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /t͡ʃef/[t͡ʃef],/ʃef/[ʃef]
  • Rhymes:-ef
  • Hyphenation:chef

Noun

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chef anim

  1. chef(head cook)
    Synonym:sukaldariburu

Declension

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Declension ofchef(animate, ending in consonant)
indefinitesingularplural
absolutivechefchefachefak
ergativechefekchefakchefek
dativechefichefarichefei
genitivechefenchefarenchefen
comitativechefekinchefarekinchefekin
causativechefengatikchefarengatikchefengatik
benefactivechefentzatchefarentzatchefentzat
instrumentalchefezchefazchefez
inessivechefenganchefarenganchefengan
locative
allativechefenganachefarenganachefengana
terminativechefenganainochefarenganainochefenganaino
directivechefenganantzchefarenganantzchefenganantz
destinativechefenganakochefarenganakochefenganako
ablativechefengandikchefarengandikchefengandik
partitivechefik
prolativecheftzat

Further reading

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  • chef”, inEuskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque),Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]

Danish

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromFrenchchef.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈsjɛːˀf/,[ˈɕeˀf]

Noun

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chef c (singular definitechefen,plural indefinitechefer)

  1. Aboss; person in charge, person who directly oversees the work being done
    Synonym:(informal)boss

Declension

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Declension ofchef
common
gender
singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativechefchefenchefercheferne
genitivechefschefenscheferschefernes

Derived terms

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See also

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References

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Dutch

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromFrenchchef.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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chef m (pluralchefs,diminutivechefje n,femininecheffin)

  1. aboss,chief,head,leader
    Synonym:baas
  2. aculinarychef, a headcook
    Synonym:chef-kok
  3. Short for a title including chef.
  4. (Suriname)A form of address to a working-class man
    Chef, halte hoor.
    Driver, I'd like to get off the bus here.

Derived terms

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Descendants

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French

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FrenchWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediafr

Etymology

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Inherited fromMiddle Frenchchief, fromOld Frenchchief, fromVulgar Latincapus, fromLatincaput(head), fromProto-Italic*kaput, ultimately fromProto-Indo-European*kauput-,*kaput-.Doublet ofcap.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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chef m (pluralchefs)

D'or auchef de gueules, qui est des Seigneurs de Wiltz.
  1. (now literary)head
    opiner duchef
    tonod
  2. article, principal point
    les principauxchefs d’une demande
    the mainpoints of a request
  3. principalmotive,charge,count ofindictment
    Le procureur a tenu à refaire une lecture deschefs d’accusation.
    The prosecutor insisted on reading off thecounts of indictment again.
  4. (heraldry)chief;top third of acoat of arms
    d’or auchef de gueules
    or, achiefgules

Derived terms

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Noun

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chef m (pluralchefs,femininecheffe)

LeChef de l’Hôtel Chatham, William Orpen, 1921.
  1. aboss,chief,leader
    Le pape est lechef de l’Église.
    The pope is thehead of the church.
  2. a culinary chef, chiefcook
    Créant dans des établissements de prestige de nombreuses recettes reprises ensuite par d’autreschefs, Escoffier a fait connaitre internationalement la cuisine française.
    Creating in prestigious establishments caused many of his recipes to be later taken up by othercooks, and thus Escoffier made French cuisine internationally known.

Derived terms

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Related terms

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Descendants

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Further reading

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Italian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromFrenchchef(head; chief), fromMiddle Frenchchief, fromOld Frenchchief, fromVulgar Latincapus, fromLatincaput(head), fromProto-Italic*kaput, ultimately fromProto-Indo-European*káput.Doublet ofcapo.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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chef m (invariable)

  1. (cooking)chef(head cook)
    Synonym:capocuoco
  2. (by extension) asophisticatedcook

Related terms

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References

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  1. ^chef inLuciano Canepari,Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

Further reading

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  • chef in Treccani.it –Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Middle English

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Etymology 1

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FromOld Frenchchief, fromLatincaput.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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chef (uncountable)

  1. Aleader, boss, or director; a chief official; one in charge.
  2. Anauthority or source of power; something which controls.
  3. Themain, important or foundational part of something.
  4. The upper or topmost portion of something.
  5. (heraldry) The heraldicchief.
Related terms
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Descendants
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  • English:chief (see there for further descendants)
  • Scots:chief
References
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Adjective

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chef (plural and weak singularcheve,comparativechever,superlativechevest)

  1. Chief,head,top-ranking,executive; being in ultimate control.
  2. Principal, foremost, predominant, primary; having the greatest importance.
  3. High-quality, outstanding, notable, worthy; deserving recognition.
  4. (rare) Infamous;grave.
Descendants
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References
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Adverb

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chef

  1. (rare) Principally, (the) most.
References
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Etymology 2

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Noun

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chef

  1. Alternative form ofchaf

Norman

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Etymology

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FromOld Frenchchief,chef, fromVulgar Latincapus, fromLatincaput(head), fromProto-Indo-European*kauput-,*kaput-.

Noun

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chef m (pluralchefs)

  1. (Jersey)chief

Derived terms

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Old French

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Noun

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chefoblique singularm (oblique pluralches,nominative singularches,nominative pluralchef)

  1. Alternative form ofchief

Portuguese

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromFrenchchef.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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chef m orfby sense (pluralchefs)

  1. Alternative form ofchefe(the head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant)

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromOttoman Turkishكیف(keyf), fromArabicكَيْف(kayf). CompareTurkishkeyif.

Noun

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chef n (pluralchefuri)

  1. (good)disposition,mood
    anuaveachefdecevato not feel like/be in the mood for something
  2. desire,wish
  3. (figuratively)appetite
  4. whim,caprice
  5. shindig,blowout,
  6. revelry,binge; by extension,drunkenness

Declension

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Declension ofchef
singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominative-accusativechefchefulchefurichefurile
genitive-dativechefchefuluichefurichefurilor
vocativechefulechefurilor

See also

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Spanish

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromFrenchchef.Doublet ofjefe andcabo.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈt͡ʃef/[ˈt͡ʃef]
  • Rhymes:-ef
  • Syllabification:chef

Noun

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chef m orfby sense (pluralchefs)

  1. chef,headcook

Usage notes

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  • According toRoyal Spanish Academy (RAE) prescriptions, unadapted foreign words should be written in italics in a text printed in roman type, and vice versa, and in quotation marks in a manuscript text or when italics are not available. In practice, this RAE prescription is not always followed.

Related terms

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Further reading

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Swedish

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromFrenchchef.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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chef c

  1. Aboss,manager; person in charge, person who directly oversees the work being done

Usage notes

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False friend withchef, seekock.

Declension

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Declension ofchef
nominativegenitive
singularindefinitechefchefs
definitechefenchefens
pluralindefinitecheferchefers
definitechefernachefernas

Derived terms

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Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=chef&oldid=84336094"
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