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castrar

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Catalan

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromLatincastrāre.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic)[kəsˈtɾa]
IPA^(key): (Valencia)[kasˈtɾaɾ]
Rhymes:-a(ɾ)

Verb

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castrar (first-person singular presentcastro,first-person singular preteritecastrí,past participlecastrat)

tocastrate
Synonym:emascular

Conjugation

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Conjugation ofcastrar (first conjugation)

person		singular			plural
infinitive			castrar
gerund			castrant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		castrat		castrada
		plural		castrats		castrades
person		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	castro	castres	castra	castrem	castreu	castren
	imperfect	castrava	castraves	castrava	castràvem	castràveu	castraven
	future	castraré	castraràs	castrarà	castrarem	castrareu	castraran
	preterite	castrí	castrares	castrà	castràrem	castràreu	castraren
	conditional	castraria	castraries	castraria	castraríem	castraríeu	castrarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	castri	castris	castri	castrem	castreu	castrin
	imperfect	castrés	castressis	castrés	castréssim	castréssiu	castressin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	castra	castri	castrem	castreu	castrin
	negative (no)	—	no castris	no castri	no castrem	no castreu	no castrin

Related terms

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castració

References

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“castrar” inDiccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Portuguese

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromLatincastrāre. Cf. also the doubletcrestar.

Pronunciation

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(Brazil)IPA^(key): /kasˈtɾa(ʁ)/[kasˈtɾa(h)]

(Brazil)IPA^(key): /kasˈtɾa(ʁ)/[kasˈtɾa(h)]
- (São Paulo)IPA^(key): /kasˈtɾa(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro)IPA^(key): /kaʃˈtɾa(ʁ)/[kaʃˈtɾa(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil)IPA^(key): /kasˈtɾa(ɻ)/

(Portugal)IPA^(key): /kɐʃˈtɾaɾ/

(Portugal)IPA^(key): /kɐʃˈtɾaɾ/
- (Southern Portugal)IPA^(key): /kɐʃˈtɾa.ɾi/

Hyphenation:cas‧trar

Verb

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castrar (first-person singular presentcastro,first-person singular preteritecastrei,past participlecastrado)

tocastrate
Synonym:capar

Conjugation

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Conjugation ofcastrar (SeeAppendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele /ela /você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles /elas /vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	castrar
Personal	castrar	castrares	castrar	castrarmos	castrardes	castrarem
Gerund
	castrando
Past participle
Masculine	castrado			castrados
Feminine	castrada			castradas
Indicative
Present	castro	castras	castra	castramos	castrais	castram
Imperfect	castrava	castravas	castrava	castrávamos	castráveis	castravam
Preterite	castrei	castraste	castrou	castramos¹,castrámos²	castrastes	castraram
Pluperfect	castrara	castraras	castrara	castráramos	castráreis	castraram
Future	castrarei	castrarás	castrará	castraremos	castrareis	castrarão
Conditional	castraria	castrarias	castraria	castraríamos	castraríeis	castrariam
Subjunctive
Present	castre	castres	castre	castremos	castreis	castrem
Imperfect	castrasse	castrasses	castrasse	castrássemos	castrásseis	castrassem
Future	castrar	castrares	castrar	castrarmos	castrardes	castrarem
Imperative
Affirmative		castra	castre	castremos	castrai	castrem
Negative (não)		não castres	não castre	não castremos	não castreis	não castrem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Spanish

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Etymology

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FromLatincastrāre. It is uncertain whether or not the word was inherited in Spanish; compare the synonymcapar, which was more popularly used.^[1]

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /kasˈtɾaɾ/[kasˈt̪ɾaɾ]
Rhymes:-aɾ
Syllabification:cas‧trar

Verb

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castrar (first-person singular presentcastro,first-person singular preteritecastré,past participlecastrado)

tocastrate, togeld
(figurative) toweaken,neuter; to make lessforceful.

Conjugation

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Conjugation ofcastrar (SeeAppendix:Spanish verbs)

		singular			plural
infinitive			castrar
gerund			castrando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		castrado		castrada
		plural		castrados		castradas
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	castro	castras^{^tú} castrás^{^vos}	castra	castramos	castráis	castran
	imperfect	castraba	castrabas	castraba	castrábamos	castrabais	castraban
	preterite	castré	castraste	castró	castramos	castrasteis	castraron
	future	castraré	castrarás	castrará	castraremos	castraréis	castrarán
	conditional	castraría	castrarías	castraría	castraríamos	castraríais	castrarían

subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	castre	castres^{^tú} castrés^{^vos²}	castre	castremos	castréis	castren
	imperfect (ra)	castrara	castraras	castrara	castráramos	castrarais	castraran
	imperfect (se)	castrase	castrases	castrase	castrásemos	castraseis	castrasen
	future¹	castrare	castrares	castrare	castráremos	castrareis	castraren

imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		castra^{^tú} castrá^{^vos}	castre	castremos	castrad	castren
	negative		no castres	no castre	no castremos	no castréis	no castren

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayanvoseo prefers thetú form for the present subjunctive.

Selected combined forms ofcastrar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitivecastrar	dative	castrarme	castrarte	castrarle,castrarse	castrarnos	castraros	castrarles,castrarse
with infinitivecastrar	accusative	castrarme	castrarte	castrarlo,castrarla,castrarse	castrarnos	castraros	castrarlos,castrarlas,castrarse

with gerundcastrando	dative	castrándome	castrándote	castrándole,castrándose	castrándonos	castrándoos	castrándoles,castrándose
with gerundcastrando	accusative	castrándome	castrándote	castrándolo,castrándola,castrándose	castrándonos	castrándoos	castrándolos,castrándolas,castrándose

with informal second-person singulartú imperativecastra	dative	cástrame	cástrate	cástrale	cástranos	not used	cástrales
with informal second-person singulartú imperativecastra	accusative	cástrame	cástrate	cástralo,cástrala	cástranos	not used	cástralos,cástralas

with informal second-person singularvos imperativecastrá	dative	castrame	castrate	castrale	castranos	not used	castrales
with informal second-person singularvos imperativecastrá	accusative	castrame	castrate	castralo,castrala	castranos	not used	castralos,castralas

with formal second-person singular imperativecastre	dative	cástreme	not used	cástrele,cástrese	cástrenos	not used	cástreles
with formal second-person singular imperativecastre	accusative	cástreme	not used	cástrelo,cástrela,cástrese	cástrenos	not used	cástrelos,cástrelas

with first-person plural imperativecastremos	dative	not used	castrémoste	castrémosle	castrémonos	castrémoos	castrémosles
with first-person plural imperativecastremos	accusative	not used	castrémoste	castrémoslo,castrémosla	castrémonos	castrémoos	castrémoslos,castrémoslas

with informal second-person plural imperativecastrad	dative	castradme	not used	castradle	castradnos	castraos	castradles
with informal second-person plural imperativecastrad	accusative	castradme	not used	castradlo,castradla	castradnos	castraos	castradlos,castradlas

with formal second-person plural imperativecastren	dative	cástrenme	not used	cástrenle	cástrennos	not used	cástrenles,cástrense
with formal second-person plural imperativecastren	accusative	cástrenme	not used	cástrenlo,cástrenla	cástrennos	not used	cástrenlos,cástrenlas,cástrense

Related terms

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References

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^Joan Coromines,José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “castrar”, inDiccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

Venetan

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Etymology

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FromLatincastrāre (compareItaliancastrare).

Verb

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castrar

(transitive) tocastrate

Conjugation

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* Venetan conjugation varies from one region to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Conjugation ofcastrar (first conjugation)

person	singular			plural
infinitive	castrar
auxiliary verb		aver	gerund		castrando
past participle		castrà
person	first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	mi	ti	eło / eła	noialtri / noialtre	voialtri / voialtre	łuri / łore
present	castro	(te)castri	(el/ła)castra	castrémo,castròn	castré	(i/łe)castra
imperfect	castrava	(te)castravi	(el/ła)castrava	castràvimo	castravi	(i/łe)castrava
future	castrarò	(te)castrarè	(el/ła)castrarà	castrarémo	castrarè	(i/łe)castrarà
conditional	castrarìa	(te)castrarisi	(el/ła)castrarìa	castrarìsimo	castrarisi	(i/łe)castrarìa
subjunctive	che mi	che ti	che eło / eła	che noialtri / noialtre	che voialtri / voialtre	che łuri / łore
present	castre,castra	(te)castri	(el/ła)castre, (el/ła)castra	castrémo,castrone	castré	(i/łe)castre, (i/łe)castra
imperfect	castrase	(te)castrasi	(el/ła)castrase	castràsimo	castrasi	(i/łe)castrase
imperative	—	ti	eło / eła	noialtri / noialtre	voialtri / voialtre	łuri / łore
imperative	—	(te)castra	(el/ła)castra, (el/ła)castre	castrémo	castré	(i/łe)castra, (i/łe)castre