FromFrenchcalque(“calque”, literally“copy, tracing”), fromcalquer(“to copy, trace”) (whence alsocalk), itself borrowed fromItaliancalcare, fromLatincalcāre(“to tread”).Doublet ofcalcate andcalcation.
calque (pluralcalques)
- (linguistics, translation studies) A word or phrase in a language formed byword-for-word ormorpheme-by-morphemetranslation of a word in another language.
- Synonyms:loan translation,calquing
- Hypernym:loan formation
- Coordinate term:(a term that is partially a calque and partially formally contains a foreign element)partial calque,loanblend
2005 March 27,William Safire, “Kifaya!”, inThe New York Times Magazine[1]:David S. Powers, professor of Islamic history and law at Cornell, says he thinks that the word as used today is in the nature of what linguists call acalque, a borrowing from another language in literal translation[…]
2023 July 26, Patricia Mazzei, “‘Get Down’ From the Car. ‘Make’ the Line. Is Miami English a Dialect?”, inThe New York Times[2]:Those phrases, translated from Spanish, are known ascalques.
word formed by word-for-word translation of a word in another language
- Afrikaans:leenvertaling (af),calque
- Albanian:kalk (sq) m
- Arabic:تَرْجَمَة اِقْتِرَاضِيَّة (ar) f(tarjama iqtirāḍiyya)
- Armenian:բառապատճեն (hy)(baṙapatčen)
- Azerbaijani:kalka,hərfi tərcümə
- Belarusian:ка́лька f(kálʹka)
- Breton:drevezadenn f
- Bulgarian:ка́лка f(kálka)
- Catalan:calc (ca) m
- Chinese:
- Cantonese:借譯 /借译(ze3 jik6)
- Mandarin:借譯 /借译(jièyì),仿造詞 /仿造词(fǎngzàocí)
- Czech:kalk (cs) m
- Danish:oversættelseslån n
- Dutch:leenvertaling (nl) f
- Esperanto:paŭso (eo),tradukprunto,kalkeo
- Faroese:umsetingarlán n,týðingarlán n,tøkutýðing f
- Finnish:käännöslaina (fi)
- French:calque (fr) m
- Georgian:კალკი (ka)(ḳalḳi)
- German:Lehnübersetzung (de) f
- Greek:μεταφραστικό δάνειο (el) n(metafrastikó dáneio),εκτύπωμα (el) n(ektýpoma)
- Hungarian:tükörfordítás (hu),tükörszó (hu),kalk (hu)
- Icelandic:tökuþýðing f
- Indonesian:pinjam terjemah
- Irish:lomaistriúchán m
- Italian:calco (it) m
- Japanese:翻訳借用 (ja)(ほんやくしゃくよう, hon'yaku shakuyō)
- Korean:번역차용(翻譯借用)(beonyeokchayong)
- Latvian:kalks (lv) m
- Macedonian:преведеница f(prevedenica),калка f(kalka)
- Norwegian:
- Bokmål:oversettingslån n,oversettelseslån (no) n
- Nynorsk:omsetjingslån n
- Persian:گرتهبرداری (fa)(gerte-bardâri)
- Polish:kalka (pl) f
- Portuguese:decalque (pt) m,decalquelinguístico m
- Romanian:calc (ro) n
- Russian:ка́лька (ru) f(kálʹka)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic:ка̏лк m
- Roman:kȁlk (sh) m
- Slovak:kalk m
- Slovene:kalk m
- Spanish:calco (es) m
- Swedish:översättningslån (sv) n
- Thai:แคลเก้
- Turkish:öyküntü (tr)
- Ukrainian:ка́лька (uk) f(kálʹka)
- Welsh:cyfieithiad benthyg m
- Yiddish:קאַלקע f(kalke)
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calque (third-person singular simple presentcalques,present participlecalquing,simple past and past participlecalqued)
- (linguistics, translation studies, transitive) Toadopt (a word or phrase) from one language to another bysemantictranslation of its parts.
2024 June 7, Soumaya Amine Al Salti, “Calque Examples in Translating: Impacts on Linguistic Diversity”, inSoumaya Salti[3]:Terms like "cloud computing" have beencalqued into multiple languages, making it easier for global audiences to grasp complex technological concepts.[…] For example, translating Shakespeare's works into other languages often involvescalquing phrases to maintain the rhythm and metaphorical richness of the original.
adopt a word by translation of its parts
- Douglas Harper (2001–2025), “calque”, inOnline Etymology Dictionary.
- “calque”, inOneLook Dictionary Search.
- William Dwight Whitney,Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “calque”, inThe Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.:The Century Co.,→OCLC.
calque
- first/third-personsingularpresentsubjunctive ofcalcar
Deverbal fromcalquer, borrowed fromItaliancalcare, fromLatincalcāre(“to tread”).
calque m (pluralcalques)
- tracing (the reproduction of an image made by copying it through translucent paper)
- (lexicography)calque,loan translation
- (computer graphics)layer
calque
- inflection ofcalcar:
- first/third-personsingularpresentsubjunctive
- third-personsingularimperative
calque
- inflection ofcalcar:
- first/third-personsingularpresentsubjunctive
- third-personsingularimperative
Deverbal fromcalcar.
calque m (pluralcalques)
- (linguistics)calque
- Synonym:decalque
- IPA(key): /ˈkalke/[ˈkal.ke]
- Rhymes:-alke
- Syllabification:cal‧que
calque
- inflection ofcalcar:
- first/third-personsingularpresentsubjunctive
- third-personsingularimperative
