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but

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Appendix:Variations of "but"

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishbut,buten,boute,bouten, fromOld Englishbūtan(without, outside of, except, only), fromProto-West Germanic*biūtan,*biūtini, equivalent tobe- +‎out. Cognate withScotsbut,bot(outside, without, but),Saterland Frisianbuute(without),West Frisianbûten(outside of, apart from, other than, except, but),Dutchbuiten(outside),Dutch Low Saxonbuten(outside),German Low Germanbuuten,buute(outside), obsoleteGermanbaußen(outside),Luxembourgishbaussen. Comparebin,about.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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but

  1. Apart from,except (for),excluding.
    Synonyms:barring,except for,save for;see alsoThesaurus:except
    Everyonebut Father left early.
    I like everythingbut that.
    Nobody answered the door when I knocked, so I had no choicebut to leave.
    • 2011 October 23, Becky Ashton, “QPR 1-0 Chelsea”, inBBC Sport:
      Luiz struggled with the movement of Helguson in the box, as he collected a long ball and the Spaniard barged him over, leaving referee Chris Foy little optionbut to point to the spot.
  2. (obsolete outside Scotland)Outside of.
    Awaybut the hoose and tell me whae's there.

Adverb

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but (notcomparable)

  1. (chiefly literary or poetic)Merely,only,just,nomorethan
    Synonyms:seeThesaurus:merely
    Christmas comesbut once a year.
  2. (Australia, Geordie, conjunctive)Though,however.
    Synonyms:even so,nevertheless,notwithstanding,yet;see alsoThesaurus:nevertheless
    I'll have to go home earlybut.
    • 1906, "Steele Rudd",Back At Our Selection, page161:
      "Supposin' the chap ain't dead,but?" Regan persisted.

Conjunction

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but

  1. However,although,nevertheless,on the other hand(introducing a clause contrary to prior belief or in contrast with the preceding clause or sentence).
    She is very oldbut still attractive.
    You told me I could do that,but she said that I could not.
  2. On the contrary,rather(as a regularadversative conjunction, introducing a word or clause incontrast orcontradiction with the preceding negative clause or sentence).
    I am not richbut [I am] poor.  Not Johnbut Peter went there.
  3. (colloquial)Used at the beginning of a sentence to expressopposition to aremark.
    But I never said you could do that!
    • 1749,Henry Fielding,The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume IV, London:A[ndrew] Millar, [],→OCLC, book X:
      In reality, I apprehend every amorous widow on the stage would run the hazard of being condemned as a servile imitation of Dido,but that happily very few of our play-house critics understand enough of Latin to read Virgil.
    • 2013 July 19,Ian Sample, “Irregular bedtimes may affect children's brains”, inThe Guardian Weekly, volume189, number 6, page34:
      Irregular bedtimes may disrupt healthy brain development in young children, according to a study of intelligence and sleeping habits.
      Going to bed at a different time each night affected girls more than boys,but both fared worse on mental tasks than children who had a set bedtime, researchers found.
    • 2013 June 29, “Travels and travails”, inThe Economist, volume407, number8842, page55:
      Even without hovering drones, a lurking assassin, a thumping score and a denouement, the real-life story of Edward Snowden, a rogue spy on the run, could be straight out of the cinema.But, as with Hollywood, the subplots and exotic locations may distract from the real message: America’s discomfort and its foes’ glee.
  4. Except that (introducing a subordinate clause which qualifies a negative statement); also, with omission of the subject of the subordinate clause, acting as a negative relative, "except one that", "except such that".
    I cannotbut feel offended.
    My kid does nothingbut watch TV all day.
  5. (colloquial)Used to link an interjection to the following remark as an intensifier.
    Wow!But that's amazing!
    • 1958 March 31,Chuck Berry, “Johnny B. Goode”, performed by Chuck Berry:
      Oh, the engineers would see him sitting in the shade / Strumming with the rhythm that the drivers made / People passing by, they would stop and say / "Oh, my,but that little country boy could play"
    • 1974 February 4, “Bennie and the Jets”, inElton John (lyrics),Bernie Taupin (music),Goodbye Yellow Brick Road, performed by Elton John,Davey Johnstone,Dee Murray,Nigel Olsson, track 3:
      Say, Candy and Ronnie, have you seen them yet? / Ooh,but they're so spaced out / B-B-B-Bennie and the Jets / Oh,but they're weird and they're wonderful / Oh, Bennie, she's really keen
    • 2013, Nora Roberts,Irish Thoroughbred[1], Little, Brown,→ISBN, page25:
      "Jakers,but we worked." With a long breath she shut her eyes. "But it was too much for one woman and a half-grown girl[]"
  6. (archaic) Without it also being the case that; unless that (introducing a necessary concomitant).
    It never rainsbut it pours.
  7. (obsolete) Except with; unless with; without.
    • 1639,Thomas Fuller, “Unseasonable Discords betwixt King Baldwine and His Mother; Her Strength in Yeelding to Her Sonne”, inThe Historie of the Holy Warre, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: [] Thomas Buck, one of the printers to theUniversitie of Cambridge[and sold by John Williams, London],→OCLC, book II,page84:
      This man unable to manage his own happineſſe, grew ſo inſolent that he could not go,but either ſpurning his equals, or trampling on his inferiours.
  8. (obsolete) Only; solely; merely.
  9. (obsolete)Until.
  10. (obsolete, following a negated expression of improbability)That.[16th–19th c.]
    • 1784,Joshua Reynolds, edited byJohn Ingamells andJohn Edgcumbe,The Letters of Sir Joshua Reynolds, Yale, published2000, page131:
      It is not impossiblebut next year I may have the honour of waiting on your Lordship at St. Asaph, If I go to Ireland I certainly will go that way.
    • 1789,John Moore,Zeluco, Valancourt, published2008, page132:
      “I am convinced, if you were to press this matter earnestly upon her, she would consent.”
      “It is not impossiblebut she might,” said Madame de Seidlits[].
    • 1813 July,Journal of Natural Philosophy:
      It is not improbablebut future observations will add Pliny's Well to the class of irregular reciprocators.

Usage notes

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  • It is generally considered colloquial to usebut at the beginning of a sentence, with other conjunctions such ashowever ornevertheless being preferred in formal writing.
    • But the tool has its uses.
    • However the tool has its uses.
    • Nevertheless the tool has its uses.

Synonyms

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Translations

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although
rather
except
solely, only, merely (obsolete)
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Noun

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but (pluralbuts)

  1. Aninstance of using the word "but"; anobjection orcaveat.
    It has to be done—no ifs, ands, orbuts.
    But—and this is a bigbut—you have to come home by sundown.
    • 1922 March 4, “Fed on Fear Too Much”, inThe Pathfinder, volume29, number1470, Washington, D.C.: Pathfinder Publishing Company,page33:
      The children are taught to be afraid of winter, of war, of death, of hard times, of disease, of examtinations. Perhaps that is one of the reasons that children so seldom find the conversation of their elders uplifting. It is full of don’ts,buts and nots.
    • 2016 December 28, Concepcion de Leon, “5 Things Well-Meaning People Say to Me That Are Actually Really Offensive”, inGlamour[2], Greenwich, C.T., []:Condé Nast Publications,→ISSN,→OCLC, archived fromthe original on2023-02-08:
      "I support you/understand where you're coming from, but..." ¶ No. No "buts" when it comes to other people's survival.
    • 2018 September 17, Catriona Harvey-Jenner, “8 foods you should never eat before a workout”, inCosmopolitan[3], New York, N.Y.:Hearst Communications,→ISSN,→OCLC, archived fromthe original on2023-01-28:
      But - and this is a pretty importantbut - it's just as bad to eat thewrong thing before a workout as it is to eat nothing at all.
  2. (Scotland) Theouterroom of a small two-roomcottage.
  3. Alimit; aboundary.
  4. The end; especially the larger or thicker end, or the blunt, in distinction from the sharp, end; thebutt.

Derived terms

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Verb

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but (third-person singular simple presentbuts,present participlebutting,simple past and past participlebutted)

  1. (archaic) Use the word "but".
    But me no buts.

Derived terms

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Terms derived from the preposition, adverb, conjunction, or nounbut

References

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Anagrams

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Danish

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Low Germanbutt.

Adjective

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but

  1. (rare)blunt

Inflection

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Inflection ofbut
positivecomparativesuperlative
indefinite common singularbut2
indefinite neuter singularbut2
pluralbutte2
definite attributive1butte

1 When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite,
the corresponding "indefinite" form is used.
2 The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

Synonyms

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Antonyms

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French

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Frenchbut(mark, goal), fromOld Frenchbut(aim, goal, end, target), fromOld Frenchbutte(mound, knoll, target), fromFrankish*but(stump, log), or fromOld Norsebútr(log, stump, butt); both fromProto-Germanic*buttaz(end, piece), fromProto-Indo-European*bʰewd-(to beat, push).

Cognate withOld Englishbutt(tree stump); seebutt. The semantic development from "mound" to "target" is likely frommartial training practice. The final/t/ is from the old pausal and liaison pronunciation; its (partial) restoration as the basic form may have been reinforced by relatedbutte.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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but m (pluralbuts)

  1. aim
  2. goal(result one is attempting to achieve)
  3. (sports)goal(in the place, act, or point sense)
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Fromboire.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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but

  1. third-personsingular past historic ofboire

Further reading

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Iban

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Adjective

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but

  1. stinky

Indonesian

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Noun

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but (pluralbut-but)

  1. (computing)bootstrap (process by which the operating system of a computer is loaded into its memory)

References

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Maltese

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Root
b-w-t
3 terms

Etymology

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Noun

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but m (pluralbwiet,diminutivebwejjetorbutaorbwejta)

  1. pocket
  2. (figuratively)money

Middle English

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Etymology 1

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FromOld Englishbūtan, fromProto-West Germanic*biūtan,*biūtini, equivalent tobe- +‎out.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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but

  1. but
Descendants
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References
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Etymology 2

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Noun

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but

  1. (Northern)Alternative form ofbote(boot)

Old Polish

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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but inan

  1. Alternative form ofbot

Polish

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PolishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediapl
buty

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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    Etymology tree
    Proto-Indo-European*bʰewd-der.
    Proto-Germanic*bautaną
    Frankish*bautander.?
    Old Czechbotbor.
    Old Polishbot
    Polishbut

    Inherited fromOld Polishbot, which see for more on the change in the vowel.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    but inan orm animal (diminutivebucikorbutek,augmentativebuciororbucisko)

    1. shoe(protective covering for the foot, with a bottom part composed of thick leather or plastic sole and often a thicker heel, and a softer upper part made of leather or synthetic material)
      1. boot(heavy shoe that covers part of the leg)
    2. (Chełmno, unit of measure)Synonym ofstopa
    3. (construction, sailing)keelblock(wooden base on which the support that holds the ship's hull during rests for construction)
    4. pile shoe(metal tip to a pole that is to be driven into the ground)
    5. (Chełmno, Suwałki, unit of measure)Synonym ofstopa
    6. (obsolete, humorous, in theplural)seventy seven(the number 77 is a game of chance)
    7. (Middle Polish)boot(horse leg protector, worn for therapeutic purposes)

    Declension

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    Declension ofbut
    singularplural
    nominativebutbuty
    genitivebutabutów
    dativebutowibutom
    accusativebut/butabuty
    instrumentalbutembutami
    locativebuciebutach
    vocativebuciebuty

    Derived terms

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    adverbs
    interjections
    nouns
    particles
      phrases
      prepositions
      proverbs
      verbs

      Further reading

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      • but inWielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
      • but in Polish dictionaries at PWN
      • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “but”, inSłownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
      • BUT”, inElektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century],28.04.2010
      • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “but”, inSłownik języka polskiego
      • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “but”, inSłownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
      • J. Karłowicz,A. Kryński,W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “but”, inSłownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page240
      • Jan Karłowicz (1900) “but”, inSłownik gwar polskich [Dictionary of Polish dialects] (in Polish), volume1: A do E, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page143
      • but in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
      • Kazimierz Nitsch (1907) “but”, in “Dyalekty polskie Prus zachodnich”, inMateryały i Prace Komisyi Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie (in Polish), volume 3, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page387

      Romani

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      Etymology

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      Inherited fromSauraseni Prakrit𑀩𑀳𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢(bahutta),[1] fromSanskritबहुत्व(bahutva,much, many, very).[1][2] Cognate withHindiबहुत(bahut).

      Adjective

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      but (obliquebute)

      1. much[1][2][3][4]
      2. many[1][2][3]
        But rroma mekhle i India thaj gele p-e aver phuva.
        Many Roma left India and went towards other lands.

      Adverb

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      but

      1. very[1][4][5]

      References

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      1. 1.01.11.21.31.4Boretzky, Norbert, Igla, Birgit (1994) “but”, inWörterbuch Romani-Deutsch-Englisch für den südosteuropäischen Raum : mit einer Grammatik der Dialektvarianten [Romani-German-English dictionary for the Southern European region] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag,→ISBN, page39b
      2. 2.02.12.2Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “bahutva”, inA Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press,page519
      3. 3.03.1Marcel Courthiade (2009) “but B-ćham: -e I”, in Melinda Rézműves, editor,Morri angluni rromane ćhibǎqi evroputni lavustik = Első rromani nyelvű európai szótáram : cigány, magyar, angol, francia, spanyol, német, ukrán, román, horvát, szlovák, görög [My First European-Romani Dictionary: Romani, Hungarian, English, French, Spanish, German, Ukrainian, Romanian, Croatian, Slovak, Greek] (overall work in Hungarian and English), Budapest: Fővárosi Onkormányzat Cigány Ház--Romano Kher,→ISBN, page97a
      4. 4.04.1Yūsuke Sumi (2018) “but”, inニューエクスプレスプラス ロマ(ジプシー)語 [New Express Plus Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, published2021,→ISBN,→OCLC, page147
      5. ^Marcel Courthiade (2009) “but II”, in Melinda Rézműves, editor,Morri angluni rromane ćhibǎqi evroputni lavustik = Első rromani nyelvű európai szótáram : cigány, magyar, angol, francia, spanyol, német, ukrán, román, horvát, szlovák, görög [My First European-Romani Dictionary: Romani, Hungarian, English, French, Spanish, German, Ukrainian, Romanian, Croatian, Slovak, Greek] (overall work in Hungarian and English), Budapest: Fővárosi Onkormányzat Cigány Ház--Romano Kher,→ISBN, page97a

      Romanian

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      Etymology

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      Borrowed fromOttoman Turkishبوت(but).

      Noun

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      but n (pluralbuturi)

      1. thigh of an animal

      Declension

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      Declension ofbut
      singularplural
      indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
      nominative-accusativebutbutulbutuributurile
      genitive-dativebutbutuluibutuributurilor
      vocativebutulebuturilor

      Scots

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      Noun

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      but (pluralbuts)

      1. Theouterroom of a small two-roomcottage.

      Preposition

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      but

      1. Outside of,without.

      Serbo-Croatian

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      Etymology

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      Borrowed fromOttoman Turkishبوت(but).

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      bȕt m (Cyrillic spellingбу̏т)

      1. thigh
      2. ham

      Declension

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      Declension ofbut
      singularplural
      nominativebȕtbùtovi
      genitivebutabutova
      dativebutubutovima
      accusativebutbutove
      vocativebutebutovi
      locativebutubutovima
      instrumentalbutombutovima

      References

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      • but”, inHrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian),2006–2025

      Turkish

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      Alternative forms

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      Etymology

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      FromOttoman Turkishبود(bud),بوت(but), fromProto-Turkic*būt. CompareOld Turkic[script needed](būt).

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      but (definite accusativebutu,pluralbutlar)

      1. thigh

      Synonyms

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      Volapük

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      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      but (nominative pluralbuts)

      1. boot

      Declension

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      Declension ofbut
      singularplural
      nominativebutbuts
      genitivebutabutas
      dativebutebutes
      accusativebutibutis
      vocative1obut!obuts!
      predicative2butubutus

      1 status as a case is disputed
      2 in later, non-classical Volapük only

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