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borrow

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Borrow

English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishborwen,borȝien,Old Englishborgian(“to borrow, lend, pledge surety for”), fromProto-West Germanic*borgōn, fromProto-Germanic*burgōną(“to pledge, take care of”), fromProto-Indo-European*bʰergʰ-(“to take care”).

Cognate withDutchborgen(“to borrow, trust”),Germanborgen(“to borrow, lend”),Danishborge(“to vouch”). Related toOld Englishbeorgan(“to save, preserve”). More atbury.

Alternative forms

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  • boro(Jamaican English)

Verb

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borrow (third-person singular simple presentborrows,present participleborrowing,simple past and past participleborrowed)

  1. Toreceive (something) from somebody temporarily, expecting toreturn it.
    • 2013 June 1, “End of the peer show”, inThe Economist, volume407, number8838, page71:
      Finance is seldom romantic. But the idea of peer-to-peer lending comes close. This is an industry that brings together individual savers and lenders on online platforms. Those that want toborrow are matched with those that want to lend.
  2. To receive money from a bank or other lender under the agreement that the lender will be paid back over time.
  3. To adopt (an idea) as one's own.
    toborrow the style, manner, or opinions of another
    • 1649,J[ohn] Milton,ΕΙΚΟΝΟΚΛΆΣΤΗΣ[Eikonoklástēs] […], London: […] Matthew Simmons, […],→OCLC:
      It is not hard for any man, who hath a Bible in his hands, toborrow good words and holy sayings in abundance; but to make them his own is a work of grace only from above.
    • 1881,William Minto, Margaret Bryant, “John Dryden”, inEncyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition‎[1]:
      Dryden’s form is of courseborrowed from the ancients
  4. (linguistics) To adopt a word from another language.
    • 2024 June 20, Eva Corlett, “Fidlets, fingies and riding a doo: study sheds light on Antarctic English slang”, inThe Guardian‎[2]:
      Americans, for example, call newcomers to Antarctica “fingies”, which comes from FNGs – aborrowed military abbreviation that means “Fucking New Guy”.
  5. (arithmetic) In asubtraction, to deduct (one) from a digit of theminuend and add ten to the following digit, in order that the subtraction of a larger digit in thesubtrahend from the digit in the minuend to which ten is added gives a positive result.
  7. (Upper Midwestern United States, West Midlands, Malaysia, Singapore, proscribed) Tolend.
    • 1951, The Grenadiers, edited by James P. Leary,Wisconsin Folklore, University of Wisconsin Press, published1998,→ISBN, Milwaukee Talk, page56:
      “Rosie,borrow me your look looker, I bet my lips are all. Everytime[sic] I eat or drink, so quick I gotta fix ’em, yet.”
    • 1987,Michael Chiang,Army Daze, Singapore: Landmark Books,→ISBN:
      Johari Salleh:Ya, ya. Better not waste time. Must prepare, tomorrow morninggot inspection.
      Teo Ah Beng: Yalah, mustkiwi [polish] the boots. Canborrow me your cloth?
      Krishnamoorthy: Ya, no problem. You better kiwi quickly. 11 pm lights off.[…]
    • 1996, Beverley Harper,Storms Over Africa:
      Samson, with all the cunning of a rhetorical master, cornered him. 'Then can my young sonborrow me his old rifle?'
    • 1999, Sarah Curtis,Children who Break the Law, Or, Everybody Does it, page21:
      In a bank theyborrow you the money at very low rates and if you don't take it back, you suffer the consequences in a jail sentence and there's a certain procedure it goes through.
    • 1999, Marie Hall Ets,Rosa: The Life of an Italian Immigrant, page233:
      The next week she came back and she said to me and my husband, "If Iborrow you the money to buy a little house do you think you can pay me back like rent?"
    • 2005, Gladys Blyth,Summer at the Cannery, Trafford Publishing,→ISBN, page83:
      “Ryan,borrow me your lunch pail so we can fill it with blueberries. Susie can make us a pie.”
    • 2006, Andrés Rueda,The Clawback, Andres Rueda,→ISBN, Chapter 13, page131:
      Georgi reached for his empty pockets. “Can youborrow me your telephone?”
    • 2007, Silvia Cecchini,Bach Flowers Fairytales, Lulu.com,→ISBN, page 7:
      “Gaia, could youborrow me your pencils ,[sic] today, if you do not use them?”
  8. (ditransitive) To temporarily obtain (something) for (someone).
    • 1623,William Shakespeare,As You Like It:
      You mustborrow me Garagantua's mouth first: 'tis a word too great for any mouth of this age's size: To say, ay, and no, to these particulars, is more than to answer in a catechism.
    • 1681, Mr. Normanton, quotee, “Trial of Sir Miles Stapleton”, inState Trials, 33 Charles II, page516:
      Yes, my lord, he told me this in my own house; and I told him he might go to esquire Tindal, and I lent him eighteen pence, andborrowed him a horse in the town.
    • 1866 April 20, Charles W. G. Howard, “Minutes of Evidence Taken Before the Select Committee”, inparliamentary debates (House of Commons), page84:
      I went out andborrowed him a night cap; put him my night shirt on, and wrapped him in a blanket.
    • 1999 August 1, “Ronnie Dawson, Singer, Comments on his Career and Music”, inNPR_Weekend:
      My folks couldn't afford a guitar, so my dadborrowed me a mandolin one time, and I was just learning to play it pretty good and the guy that he borrowed it from wanted it back.
    • 2006, Laurie Graham,Gone with the Windsors, page116:
      George Lightfoot seemed to have forgotten he was meant to be a Lost Sheep, and turned up as the Tin Man, but I forgave him, because he'd managed toborrow me a divine brass crazier from one of his bishop friends.
  9. To feign or counterfeit.
  10. (obsolete except in ballads) To secure the release of (someone) from prison.
    • Traditional, "Young Beichan" (Child ballad 53)
      But if ony maiden wouldborrow me,
      I would wed her wi' a ring,
      And a' my land and a' my houses,
      They should a' be at her command.
  11. (informal) Toreceive (something, usually of trifling value) from somebody, with little possibility of returning it.
    Can Iborrow a sheet of paper?
  12. (informal) To interrupt the current activity of (a person) and lead them away in order to speak with them, get their help, etc.
    John, can Iborrow you for a second? I need your help with the copier.
  13. (golf) Toadjust one'saim in order tocompensate for theslope of thegreen.
Conjugation
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Conjugation ofborrow
infinitive(to)borrow
present tensepast tense
1st-personsingularborrowborrowed
2nd-personsingularborrow,borrowest†borrowed,borrowedst†
3rd-personsingularborrows,borroweth†borrowed
pluralborrow
subjunctiveborrowborrowed
imperativeborrow—
participlesborrowingborrowed
Synonyms
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Antonyms
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  • (antonym(s) of“receive temporarily”):give back (exchanging the transfer of ownership),lend (exchanging the owners),return (exchanging the transfer of ownership)
  • (antonym(s) of“in arithmetic”):carry (the equivalent reverse procedure in the inverse operation of addition)
Derived terms
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Translations
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receive temporarily
adopt (an idea) as one's own
copy a word from another language
in a subtraction

Noun

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borrow (countable anduncountable,pluralborrows)

  1. (golf, countable, uncountable) Deviation of the path of a rolling ball from a straight line; slope; slant.
    This putt has a big left-to rightborrow on it.
    • 1905, Harry Vardon,The Complete Golfer:
      The amount ofborrow, as we term it, that must be taken from the side of any particular slope is entirely a matter of mathematical calculation,[…]
    • 2020, George C. Thomas,Golf Architecture in America: Its Strategy and Construction:
      […] slippery contours, so that in making a side hill putt more than the usual amount ofborrow had to be considered.
  2. (construction, civil engineering) Aborrow pit.
    • 1979,The Canadian Mining and Metallurgical Bulletin:
      As previously indicated, slurry used for construction of the slurry cutoff trench at Beaver Creek Dam was produced with natural clays and clay tills from localborrows.
  3. (programming) InRust and some other programming languages, the situation where theownership of avalue is temporarily transferred to another region of code.
    • 2018, Daniel Arbuckle,Rust Quick Start Guide:
      If we currently have anyborrows of a value, we can't mutably borrow it intoself, nor can we move it (because that would invalidate the existingborrows).
Translations
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deviation of a rolling golfball

Etymology 2

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FromMiddle Englishborwe,borgh, fromOld Englishborh,borg, fromProto-West Germanic*borgōn, fromProto-Germanic*burgōną(“to borrow, lend”) (related to Etymology 1, above).

Noun

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borrow (pluralborrows)

  1. (archaic) Aransom; apledge orguarantee.
  2. (archaic) Asurety; someone standingbail.
    • 1819, Walter Scott,Ivanhoe:
      ”where am I to find such a sum? If I sell the very pyx and candlesticks on the altar at Jorvaulx, I shall scarce raise the half; and it will be necessary for that purpose that I go to Jorvaulx myself; ye may retain asborrows my two priests.”
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