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below

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Belowandbellow

English

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishbilooghe, equivalent tobe- +‎low. Compare also earlierMiddle Englishalogh,alow,aloȝ,alowe(“below”),benethen(“beneath”),Dutchomlaag(“downwards”).

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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below

Asquarebelow acircle
  1. Lower inspatialposition than.
    • 1897 December (indicated as1898),Winston Churchill, chapter IV, inThe Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.:The Macmillan Company; London:Macmillan & Co., Ltd.,→OCLC:
      One morning I had been driven to the precarious refuge afforded by the steps of the inn, after rejecting offers from the Celebrity to join him in a variety of amusements. But even here I was not free from interruption, for he was seated on a horse-blockbelow me, playing with a fox terrier.
    The treasure is buried two metersbelow the surface.
    The marmalade is on the shelfbelow the bread.
  2. Lower than invalue,price,rank,concentration, etc.
    • 1705,J[oseph] Addison,Remarks on Several Parts of Italy, &c. in the Years 1701, 1702, 1703, London: […] Jacob Tonson, […],→OCLC:
      one degreebelow kings
    • 2013 July-August,Philip J. Bushnell, “Solvents, Ethanol, Car Crashes & Tolerance”, inAmerican Scientist:
      Surprisingly, this analysis revealed that acute exposure to solvent vapors at concentrationsbelow those associated with long-term effects appears to increase the risk of a fatal automobile accident. Furthermore, this increase in risk is comparable to the risk of death from leukemia after long-term exposure to benzene, another solvent, which has the well-known property of causing this type of cancer.
    The temperature isbelow zero.
    Liverpool arebelow Manchester City in the Premier League.
  3. Downstream of.
    The River Thames is tidalbelow Teddington Lock.
  4. South of.
    Sudan isbelow Egypt.
  5. Unsuitable to therank ordignity of;beneath.
    Such petty behavior isbelow me.
  6. (stage directions)Downstage of.

Synonyms

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Antonyms

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  • (antonym(s) of“lower in spatial position than”):above,over
  • (antonym(s) of“lower in value than”):above,over
  • (antonym(s) of“downstream of”):upstream

Derived terms

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Translations

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lower in spatial position than
lower in value than
downstream of
south of
unsuitable to the rank or dignity of
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Adverb

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below (notcomparable)

  1. In or to alower place.
    The town is situated on a hillside, with a river runningbelow.
    He was pulledbelow by a sea monster.
    • 1879,R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter 1, inThe Amateur Poacher, London:Smith, Elder, & Co., […],→OCLC:
      But then I had the [massive] flintlock by me for protection.
      […]The linen-press and a chest on the top of it formed, however, a very good gun-carriage; and, thus mounted, aim could be taken out of the window at the old mare feeding in the meadowbelow by the brook, and a 'bead' could be drawn upon Molly, the dairymaid, kissing the fogger behind the hedge, […].
    1. On or to a lowerstorey.
      She livesbelow, on the ground floor.
    2. (nautical) On or to a lowerdeck, especially as relative to the main deck.
      The captain wentbelow to inspect the engine.
      the landlubbers lying downbelow
  2. Later in the same text.
    This point is explainedbelow.
    By their execution hereof, the Parties incur a legal obligation to pass consideration under this Loan Contract as is set forthbelow.
  3. (of a temperature) Belowzero.
    It was forty degreesbelow.

Synonyms

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Antonyms

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Derived terms

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Translations

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in a lower place
on a lower storey
farther down
nautical: on a lower deck
of a temperature: below zero—see alsonegative,‎minus
later in the same text

References

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  • Andrea Tyler and Vyvyan Evans, "The vertical axis", inThe Semantics of English Prepositions: Spatial Scenes, Embodied Meaning and Cognition, Cambridge University Press, 2003, 0-521-81430 8

Anagrams

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