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beer

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Beer,béer,beér,bëër,be-er,andBéër

English

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WOTD – 28 March 2016
EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
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A tall glass of German beer.

Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishbere, fromOld Englishbēor(“beer”) (Oxford OED notes: "rare, except inpoetry"), fromProto-West Germanic*beuʀ, fromProto-Germanic*beuzą(“beer”) (putatively fromProto-Indo-European*bʰeusóm), meaning “brewer's yeast”.

However, also see the"beer" entry on EtymOnline (q.v.), which links a connection to monasticVulgar Latin*biber(“a drink, beverage”), fromLatinbibere(“to drink”).Samuel Johnson in his famous 18th-centuryA Dictionary of the English Language guessed it was from (unattested)Welsh*bîr; he distinguished it in his time fromale — the ancient usual word — by beer being older-aged and/or smaller.

Cognate withSaterland FrisianBjoor,West Frisianbier,German Low GermanBeer,Dutchbier,GermanBier,Icelandicbjór(“beer”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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beer (countable anduncountable,pluralbeers)

  2. (uncountable) Analcoholicdrinkfermented fromstarch material, commonlybarleymalt; often withhops or some othersubstance (likegruit) to impart abitter flavor.
    Synonyms:seeThesaurus:beer
    Beer is brewed all over the world.
    • 1921,Ben Travers, chapter 1, inA Cuckoo in the Nest, Garden City, N.Y.:Doubleday, Page & Company, published1925,→OCLC:
      “[…] the awfully hearty sort of Christmas cards that people do send to other people that they don't know at all well. You know. The kind that have mottoes like
        Here's rattling good luck and roaring good cheer, / With lashings of food and great hogsheads ofbeer.[…]”
  3. (uncountable) A fermented extract of the roots and other parts of various plants, asspruce,ginger,sassafras, etc.
  4. (uncountable) A solution produced by steeping plant materials in water or anotherfluid.
  5. (countable) A glass, bottle, or can of any of the above beverages.
    I bought a fewbeers from the shop for the party.
    Can I buy you abeer?
    I'd like twobeers and a glass of white wine.
  6. (countable) A variety of the above beverages.
    Pilsner is one of the most commonly servedbeers in Europe.
    I haven't tried thisbeer before.
Derived terms
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Terms derived frombeer (noun)

English terms starting with “beer”

Descendants
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Translations
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alcoholic drink made of malt
drink made from roots
solution produced by steeping plant materials
glass of beer
variety of these beverages
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Verb

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beer (third-person singular simple presentbeers,present participlebeering,simple past and past participlebeered)

  1. (informal, transitive) Togivebeer to (someone).
    • 1870, Sidney Daryl,His First Brief. A Comedietta in Clement Scott,Drawing-room Plays and Parlour Pantomimes, Robson and Sons,pages 303–304:
      No doubt he then can feed us, wine us,beer us, And cook us something that can warm and cheer us.
    • 2010, Steve Brezenhoff,The Absolute Value of -1, Carolrhoda Lab,page121:
      “Beer me!” said Goody. “Also your weed is shit. Where’s the good stuff, dude?”
    • 2013, Janet E. Cameron,Cinnamon Toast and the End of the World, Hatchette Books Ireland,page124:
      I heard Patty Marsh yelling, ‘Beer him, Eleanor!’
    • 2013, R. D. Power,Forbidden,page39:
      “Beer me!” To his astonishment she obeyed his command, appearing a minute later with a glass of beer and a wry smile.
  2. (informal, intransitive) Todrinkbeer.
    • 2008, Charles Foran,Join the Revolution, Comrade: Journeys and Essays, page83:
      In Japan, students on a Friday night announce “Let'sbeer!”

Etymology 2

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FromMiddle Englishbeere, equivalent tobe +‎-er.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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beer (pluralbeers)

  1. (nonstandard) One who is orexists.
    • 1990,Budge Wilson, “Be-ers and Doers”, inThe leaving, and other stories:
      That meant, among other things, that he was going to be a fast-moving doer. And even when he was three or four, it wasn't hard for me to know that this wasn't going to be easy. Because Albert was abeer.Born that way.
Alternative forms
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Related terms
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Further reading

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Anagrams

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Afrikaans

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromDutchbeer, fromProto-Germanic*berô.

Noun

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beer (pluralbere,diminutivebeertjie)

  1. bear

Etymology 2

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FromDutchbeer, fromProto-West Germanic*bair.

Noun

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beer (pluralbere)

  1. boar(male swine)

Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Dutchbēre, fromOld Dutch*bero, fromProto-West Germanic*berō, fromProto-Germanic*berô.

Noun

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beer m (pluralberen,diminutivebeertje n)

  1. abear, any member of the familyUrsidae
    Debeer drinkt bier.
    Thebear drinks beer.
  2. (figurative) a person who is physically impressive and/or crude
    Wat eenbeer van een vent daar voorin, he?
    What abear of a guy there in front, huh?
Derived terms
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general
animal species
Descendants
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Etymology 2

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Eenbeer ofsteunbeer. — Abuttress.

FromMiddle Dutchbêer, fromOld Dutch*bēr, fromProto-West Germanic*bair.

Noun

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beer m (pluralberen,diminutivebeertje n)

  1. boar (male swine)
    De kinderboerderij heeft een aantal zeugen en maar éénbeer.
    The petting zoo has a number of sows and only oneboar.
  2. buttress; protective external construction, notably against ice or supporting the weight of the main building
  3. a boar-shaped type ofbattering ram
  4. a malebadger
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Etymology 3

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FromMiddle Dutchbere, fromOld Dutch[Term?], from a derivative ofProto-West Germanic*bermō(“yeast”), related toOld Englishbeorma,Albanianburmë.

Noun

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beer m (pluralberen,diminutivebeertje n)

  1. (now dialectal) liquid, notably humanmanure(excrement gathered in a pit to fertilize)
    Wie doet er nubeer in zijn bier? Ik haatbeer!
    Who in the world would putliquid manure in his beer? I hatemanure!
Derived terms
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Etymology 4

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Borrowed fromGermanBär. Cognate to etymology 1.

Noun

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beer m (pluralberen)

  1. (universityslang)debt
    Synonym:schuld
    Door haar gokverslaving zat ze met een enormebeer opgescheept.
    Due to her gambling addiction she was saddled with an enormousdebt.
  2. (universityslang)creditor(one to whom one owes debt)
    Synonym:schuldeiser
    Henry zag niet zijnberen op de weg, maar wel bij hem op de stoep.
    Henry didn't see hiscreditors on the road, but he did see them on his doorstep.

References

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  • M. J. Koenen & J. Endepols,Verklarend Handwoordenboek der Nederlandse Taal (tevens Vreemde-woordentolk), Groningen, Wolters-Noordhoff, 1969 (26th edition) [Dutch dictionary in Dutch]

Latin

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Verb

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beer

  1. first-personsingularpresentpassivesubjunctive ofbeō

Limburgish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Low Germanbêr, fromOld Saxonbior, fromProto-West Germanic*beuʀ, fromProto-Germanic*beuzą.

Alternative forms

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Noun

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beer n

  1. beer

Etymology 2

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FromMiddle Dutchbere, fromOld Dutchbēro, fromProto-West Germanic*bair.

Alternative forms

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Noun

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beer m

  1. boar (male swine)
Related terms
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  • zoog(“female swine”)

Etymology 3

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FromMiddle High Germanber, fromOld High Germanberi. Alternatively fromMiddle Dutchbere, fromOld Dutch*beri. Both ultimately fromProto-West Germanic*baʀi, fromProto-Germanic*bazją, possibly fromProto-Indo-European*bʰeh₂-.

Alternative forms

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Noun

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beer f

  1. berry

Middle Dutch

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Etymology

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FromOld Dutch*bēr, fromProto-West Germanic*bair.

Noun

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bêer m

  1. boar, malepig

Inflection

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This noun needs aninflection-table template.

Descendants

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Further reading

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Old French

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited fromEarly Medieval Latinbadāre.

Verb

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beer

  1. (transitive) toopen
  2. (intransitive) toopen
  3. (chiefly) topant; to breathe heavily
  4. (figuratively) todesire; tolust for

Conjugation

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This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in-er. This verb has irregularities in its conjugation. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation ofbeer (see alsoAppendix:Old French verbs)
simplecompound
infinitivebeeravoirbeé
gerundenbeantgerund ofavoir + past participle
present participlebeant
past participlebeé
personsingularplural
firstsecondthirdfirstsecondthird
indicativejotuilnosvosil
simple
tenses		presentbebeesbeebeonsbeezbeent
imperfectbeoie,beeie,beoe,beevebeoies,beeies,beoes,beevesbeoit,beeit,beot,beevebeïiens,beïensbeïiez,beïezbeoient,beeient,beoent,beevent
preteritebeaibeasbeabeamesbeastesbeerent
futurebeeraibeerasbeerabeeronsbeeroiz,beereiz,beerezbeeront
conditionalbeeroie,beereiebeeroies,beereiesbeeroit,beereitbeeriiens,beeriensbeeriiez,beeriezbeeroient,beereient
compound
tenses		present perfectpresent tense ofavoir + past participle
pluperfectimperfect tense ofavoir + past participle
past anteriorpreterite tense ofavoir + past participle
future perfectfuture tense ofavoir + past participle
conditional perfectconditional tense ofavoir + past participle
subjunctiveque joque tuqu’ilque nosque vosqu’il
simple
tenses		presentbebezbetbeonsbeezbeent
imperfectbeassebeassesbeastbeïssons,beïssiensbeïssoiz,beïssez,beïssiezbeassent
compound
tenses		pastpresent subjunctive ofavoir + past participle
pluperfectimperfect subjunctive ofavoir + past participle
imperative–tu–nosvos–
—bee—beonsbeez—

Derived terms

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Descendants

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References

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  • Godefroy, Frédéric,Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes duIXe auXVe siècle (1881) (beer)

Somali

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Etymology 1

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FromProto-Cushitic*baar-, fromProto-Afroasiatic*bur-. Cognates includeAfarbaaxo,Sahobaarho,Arabicبَرّ(barr),Hebrewבַּר(bar), andSabaean𐩨𐩧(br).

Noun

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beer ?

  1. cultivatedfield,garden

Etymology 2

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Noun

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beer ?

  1. liver

References

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  • Puglielli, Annarita, Mansuur, Cabdalla Cumar (2012) “beer”, inQaamuuska Af-Soomaliga‎[1], Rome:RomaTrE-Press,→ISBN, page101
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