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arch

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:ARCH,ärch,arch-,-arch,andarch.

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
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Commons
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arch (sense 3).

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englisharch,arche, fromOld Frencharche(an arch), a feminine form ofarc, fromLatinarcus(a bow, arc, arch).Doublet ofarc andarco. Displaced nativeOld Englishbīeġels.

Noun

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arch (pluralarches)

  1. An inverted U shape.
  2. An arch-shaped arrangement of trapezoidal stones, designed to redistribute downward force outward.
  3. (architecture) An architectural element having the shape of an arch
  4. Any place covered by an arch; anarchway.
    to pass into thearch of a bridge
  5. (archaic, geometry) Anarc; a part of acurve.
  6. A natural arch-shaped opening in a rock mass.
  7. (anatomy) Thecurved part of the bottom of afoot.
Derived terms
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Translations
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inverted U shape
arrangement of trapezoidal stones
architectural element
curved part of the bottom of a foot
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Verb

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arch (third-person singular simple presentarches,present participlearching,simple past and past participlearched)

  1. (transitive) Toform into an archshape.
    The catarched its back.
    • 2024 March 6, Philip Haigh, “Comment: Who will run our railways?”, inRAIL, number1004, page 3:
      GBR will either be letting operating contracts or running rail companies directly, depending on which party wins the next General Election. Whichever it is, you can be forgiven forarching an eyebrow at an infrastructure company being placed in overall control.
  2. (transitive) Tocover with an arch or arches.
Translations
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form into arch

References

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Etymology 2

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From the prefixarch-. "Principal" is the original sense; "mischievous" is via onetime frequent collocation withrogue,knave, etc.

Adjective

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arch (comparativearcher,superlativearchest)

  1. Knowing,clever,mischievous.
    I attempted to hide my emotions, but anarch remark escaped my lips.
    • 1710 July 15 (Gregorian calendar),Isaac Bickerstaff [et al., pseudonyms;Richard Steeleet al.], “Tuesday, July 4, 1710”, inThe Tatler, number193; republished in [Richard Steele], editor,The Tatler, [], London stereotype edition, volume III, London: I. Walker and Co.; [],1822,→OCLC:
      [He] spoke his request with soarch a leer.
      The spelling has been modernized.
    • 1726 October 28, [Jonathan Swift], “Several Adventures that Happened to the Author. []”, inTravels into Several Remote Nations of the World. [] [Gulliver’s Travels], volume I, London: [] Benj[amin] Motte, [],→OCLC, part II (A Voyage to Brobdingnag),page247:
      I was every day furniſhing the Court with ſome ridiculous Story; andGlumdalclitch, although ſhe loved me to Exceſs, yet wasarch enough to inform the Queen, whenever I committed any Folly that ſhe thought would be diverting to her Majeſty.
    • 1828,[Edward Bulwer-Lytton], chapter XVI, inPelham; or, The Adventures of a Gentleman. [], volume I, London:Henry Colburn, [],→OCLC,page112:
      “Oh!” cried Mrs. Green, with anarch laugh, “you are acquainted with Monsieur Margot, then?”
    • 1848 November –1850 December,William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 46, inThe History of Pendennis. [], volume(please specify |volume=I or II), London:Bradbury and Evans, [], published1849–1850,→OCLC:
      Blanche’s grey eyes gazed at Foker with such an arch twinkle that both of them burst out laughing[]
    • 1906 April,O. Henry [pseudonym; William Sydney Porter], “By Courier”, inThe Four Million, New York, N.Y.:McClure, Phillips & Co,→OCLC:
      A certain melancholy that touched her countenance must have been of recent birth, for it had not yet altered the fine and youthful contours of her cheek, nor subdued thearch though resolute curve of her lips.
    • 1912 January,Zane Grey, chapter 3, inRiders of the Purple Sage [], New York, N.Y., London:Harper & Brothers Publishers,→OCLC:
      Lassiter ended there with dry humor, yet behind that was meaning. Jane blushed and madearch eyes at him.
    • 2017 June 30, Ruth La Ferla, “In ‘The Beguiled,’ Pretty Confections Whipped Up to Seduce”, inThe New York Times[2],→ISSN:
      Not trusting filmgoers to catch the drift, Ms. Coppola underscores the women’s attempts to gussy up with snippets ofarch dialogue.
    • 2021 July 12, Nicholas Barber, “The French Dispatch: Four stars for Wes Anderson's latest”, inBBC[3]:
      When you're watching aWes Anderson film, you know it. Within seconds, you spot the symmetrical compositions, the horizontal camera moves, the blocks of garish colour, the san-serif lettering, thearch, wordy, vaguely melancholy humour and all the other elements that distinguish his comedies from everyone else's.
    • 2023 March 14, Alexandra Jacobs, “Your Annoying Roommate Is Slaying on TikTok”, inThe New York Times[4]:
      Ms. Brier specializes in point of view, or P.O.V., videos that confront relatable, often hateable characters, with a subtle sneer, gleefully rubbery body andarch delivery of generational catchphrases like “slay, queen” and “I got you,” often repeated for effect.
  2. (Ireland)Cute,sly, prematurelywise.[1]
  3. Principal;primary.
    They werearch enemies.
Derived terms
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Translations
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knowing, clever, mischievous
principal, primary
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Noun

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arch (pluralarches)

  1. (obsolete) Achief.
  2. (video games)Synonym ofgod(person who owns and runs amulti-user dungeon)

References

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  1. ^J. J. Hogan and Patrick C. O'Neill (1947) “A NORTH-COUNTY DUBLIN GLOSSARY”, inBéaloideas[1], volume17, number1/2, An Cumann Le Béaloideas Eireann/Folklore of lreland Society, page263

See also

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Further reading

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Anagrams

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Czech

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Noun

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arch inan

  1. sheet (in printing)

Declension

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Declension ofarch (velar masculine inanimate)
singularplural
nominativearcharchy
genitivearchuarchů
dativearchuarchům
accusativearcharchy
vocativearchuarchy
locativearchuarších
instrumentalarchemarchy

Middle Dutch

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Etymology 1

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FromOld Dutch*arg, fromProto-Germanic*argaz.

Adjective

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arch

  1. bad,depraved
  2. wrong,evil
  3. shameful
  4. bad,worthless, oflowquality
Inflection
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Adjective
singularplural
masculinefeminineneuter
nominativeindefinitearchargearcharge
definiteargearge
accusativeindefiniteargenargearcharge
definitearge
genitiveindefinitearchsargerarchsarger
definitearchs,argenarchs,argen
dativeargenargerargenargen
Alternative forms
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Derived terms
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Descendants
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Etymology 2

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A substantive form of the adjectivearch.

Noun

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arch n

  1. evil
  2. disaster,misfortune
Inflection
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This noun needs aninflection-table template.

Further reading

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Middle English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromOld Frencharche.

Noun

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arch (pluralarches)

  1. arch
  2. arc

Descendants

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References

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Middle Welsh

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Etymology

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From the root oferchi(to request), fromProto-Celtic*ɸarsketi, fromProto-Indo-European*preḱ-.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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arch f

  1. request

Verb

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arch

  1. second-personsingularimperative oferchi

Mutation

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Mutated forms ofarch
radicalsoftnasalh-prothesis
archunchangedunchangedharch

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Middle Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Scots

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Noun

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arch (pluralarchs)

  1. Alternative form ofairch

References

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Welsh

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Welsharch, fromProto-Brythonic*arx, fromLatinarca.

Noun

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arch f (pluraleirch)

  1. (obsolete)chest,coffer
  2. coffin (a box for the dead)
    • 2020 February 28,BBC Cymru Fyw[5]:
      Mae’r arddangosfa yn ymchwilio i’r modd y caiff y corff dynol ei gadw wedi marwolaeth. Penllanw deng mlynedd o waith yw’r casgliad o jariau claddu aceirch carreg maint llawn.
      The exhibition explores the way in which the human body is preserved after daeth. The collection of burial jars full-size stonecoffins is the culmination of ten years' work.
  3. ark (a large boat with a flat bottom)
    • 1588,William Morgan, transl.,Y Beibl : Y Beibl cyssegr-lan, 1st edition, London:Humphrey Toy,LLyfr cyntaf Moſes yr hwn a elwir Gᴇɴᴇsɪs6:2–14:
      A Duw a ddywedodd wrth Noah, diwedd pôb cnawd a ddaeth ger fy mron: o blegit llanwyd y ddaiar a thrawſedd oi herwydd hwynt: ac wele myfi ai difethaf hwynt gyd ar ddaiar. Gwna di itArch o goed Gopher, yn gellau y gwnei'rArch, a phŷga hi oddi fewn, ac oddi allan a phŷg.
      And God said unto Noah, The end of all flesh is come before me; for the earth is filled with violence through them; and, behold, I will destroy them with the earth. Make thee anark of gopher wood; rooms shalt thou make in theark, and shalt pitch it within and without with pitch.
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Aback-formation fromerchi(to seek, ask for).

Noun

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arch f (pluraleirchion)

  1. request,command
    Synonyms:cais,deisyfiad,erfyniad
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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An inflected form oferchi(to seek, ask for).

Verb

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arch

  1. second-personsingularimperative oferchi

Mutation

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Mutated forms ofarch
radicalsoftnasalh-prothesis
archunchangedunchangedharch

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

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  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “arch”, inGeiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=arch&oldid=84368351"
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