John Batchelor (1905)An Ainu-English-Japanese dictionary (including a grammar of the Ainu language)[2], Tokyo, London: Methodist Publishing House; Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner Co.,page22
“ak （アㇰ）”, inAinu-English Dictionary[3], TranslationDirectory.com, 2023 April 25 (last accessed)
Its usage as meaning "with" and "and" is modelled after usage of similar terms insubstrate languages.[4] Its phonological form might be fromFrenchavec(“with”) orWolofak or both.
Stross, Brian, Wisdom, Charles (1992)"Ch'orti' Mayan Lexicon." (Transcribed and transliterated from handwritten fieldnotes of Charles Wisdom), Language Laboratory, Dept. of Anthropology,University of Texas, page 5
Hull, Kerry (2016)A Dictionary of Ch'orti' Mayan-Spanish-English, Salt Lake City:University of Utah Press,→ISBN, page48
Its usage as meaning "with" and "and" is modelled after usage of similar terms insubstrate languages.[5] Its phonological form might be fromFrenchavec(“with”) orWolofak or both; in the former case, it is adoublet ofavèk.
2019 March 19, “Rankont ann Itali ant Anvwaye Espesyal Etazini ak Larisi sou Kriz Venezuela a”, inLavwadlamerik[6]:
Anvwaye espesyal Etazini pou Venezuela, Elliot Abrams,ak vis-minis afè etranjè Larisi, Sergei Ryabkov, ap fè reyinyon nan vil Wòm ann Itali pou yo pale sou “sityasyon Venezuela kap agrave.”
American Special Envoy for Venezuela Elliot Abramsand Russian Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs Sergei Ryabkov are meeting in the city of Rome, Italy to speak about "the worsening situation in Venezuela."
Conklin, Harold C. (1953)Hanunóo-English Vocabulary (University of California Publications in Linguistics), volume 9, London, England: University of California Press,→OCLC,page23
Baer, Phillip, Baer, Mary, Chan Kꞌin, Manuel, Chan Kꞌin, Antonio (2018)Diccionaro maya lacandón (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”;51)[7] (in Spanish),Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., pages3–4
Borrowed fromGermanach(“oh”). In 16th- and 17th-century literature,o oroh was often used in this sense. In a text from 1638, Germanach is translated asok, which points to a borrowing fromRussianох(ox). The fromak, fromGerman, was introduced in the 17th-18th century.[1]
ak, brīvība! tā ir vitamīns, kas dzelzij un akmenim cauri ēdas ―ah! freedom! that is a vitamin that eats through stone and iron
vai tu viņus atradi?ak, mani bērni, mani bērniņi! ―have you found them?oh, my children, my (poor) little children!
“matemātika”, zēns bubina un izņem grāmatu...ak vai,ak vai, un visi citi jau guļ! ―“mathematics,” the boy whispered and took the book...oh,oh (= poor me!), and all others are already sleeping (but I must study)!
nē, nē, māt, pavasarī gan grūti mirt; visas puķītes zied, putniņi dzied,ak tu jaukā pasaulīte! ―no, no, mother, it is difficult to die in spring; all the little flowers are blooming, the birds are singing,oh (you) lovely world!
“ak tu mūžs, kas te to zvēru!” māte iesaucās, redzot pēdas sniegā ―“ah life, what wild beast is that!” the mother exclaimed, seeing tracks in the snow
“ak”, inSlovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak),https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk,2003–2025
R. de Willett, Elizabeth, et al. (2016)Diccionario tepehuano de Santa María Ocotán, Durango (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”;48)[9] (in Spanish), electronic edition,Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 6
