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af

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Appendix:Variations of "af"

Translingual

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Symbol

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af

  1. (international standards)ISO 639-1language code forAfrikaans.

English

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Adverb

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af (notcomparable)

  1. (Internetslang, text messaging, vulgar)Initialism ofas fuck.
    Alternative forms:AF,asf
    • 2009 April 6, Ashley Kull, “Bored af!!!!”, inTwitter[1], archived fromthe original on2016-06-14:
      Boredaf!!!!
    • 2021,Isabel Waidner,Sterling Karat Gold, Peninsula Press, page16:
      ‘Seen them there a few times. Arrives early, leaves alone. Social though. Friendly. Dishyaf.’
      Dishyaf. You can say that again.

Etymology 2

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  1. (Stenoscript)Abbreviation ofafter.

Anagrams

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Afar

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Etymology

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FromProto-Cushitic*ʔaf, fromProto-Afroasiatic[Term?]. Cognates includeOromoafaan,Somaliaf andSahoaf, furthermoreAmharicአፍ(ʾäf) andArabicفَم(fam).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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áf m (plural afitté f or afoofá f or afoofí f)

  1. mouth
  2. cutting edge
  3. language

Usage notes

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  • The pluralafitté is used in the southern dialects, whereasafoofá andafoofí are used in the northern dialects.

Declension

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Declension ofáf
absolutiveáf
predicativeáfa
subjectiveáf
genitiveaftí

Derived terms

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References

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  • E. M. Parker, R. J. Hayward (1985) “af”, inAn Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London,→ISBN
  • Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015)L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)[2], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

Danish

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Etymology

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FromOld Norseaf, fromProto-Germanic*ab. Related toEnglishof,off andGermanab.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [a],(in the end of a phrase)[ˈæːˀ]

Preposition

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af

  1. by
    the active part, originator:En romanaf Hemingway -A novel by Hemingway
  2. of
    indicating connection:Ejerenaf huset -The owner of the house
    in descriptions:En mandaf format -A man of stature;Et hus lavetaf træ -A house made of wood
    part of:ni udaf ti -nine out of ten
  3. from
    of origin:Jeg hørte detaf ham -I heard it from him
  4. off
    away from:Jeg faldtaf cyklen -I fell off the bike
  5. with
    caused by:grønaf misundelse -green with envy
  6. out of
    motivated by:Han gjorde detaf nysgerrighed -He did it out of curiosity

Adverb

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af

  1. off
    tage sit tøjaf -take off one's clothes
  2. of
    på grundaf -because of

Dutch

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Dutchaf, fromOld Dutchaf, fromProto-West Germanic*ab, fromProto-Germanic*ab.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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af

  1. off
  2. (postpositional)off,from (implying motion)
    Stomdronken reed de automobilist de wegaf.
    Totally drunk, the motorist droveoff the road.

Declension

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Pronominal adverbs ofaf
preposition
postpositional adv.af
het (it)eraf
dit (this)hieraf
dat (that)daaraf
wat (what)waaraf
iets (something)ergensaf
niets (nothing)nergensaf
alles (everything)overalaf

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Jersey Dutch:âf
  • Negerhollands:af
  • Indonesian:af

Adjective

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af (used onlypredicatively,comparativemeer af,superlativemeest af)

  1. finished,done(when working on something)
    Het huis isaf.
    The house isready.
  2. (games)out, dismissed from play under the rules of the game, e.g. by having beentagged

Synonyms

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Antonyms

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Gothic

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Romanization

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af

  1. Romanization of𐌰𐍆

Icelandic

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Etymology

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FromOld Norseaf, fromProto-Germanic*ab.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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af

  1. off,from [withdative]
  2. of[withdative]
  3. by[withdative]

Derived terms

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Indonesian

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Etymology

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FromDutchaf(off), fromMiddle Dutchaf, fromOld Dutchaf, fromProto-West Germanic*ab, fromProto-Germanic*ab.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈaf]
  • Hyphenation:af

Noun

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af (pluralaf-af)

  1. (medicine, surgery)off;removal

Further reading

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Maltese

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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af

  1. imperative singular ofjaf

Mapudungun

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Preposition

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af(Raguileo spelling)

  1. beside;next to.

References

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  • Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.

Middle Dutch

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Etymology

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FromOld Dutchaf, fromProto-Germanic*ab.

Adverb

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af

  1. off,out,away
  2. of,about

Usage notes

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Generally found in combination with a locative adverb such ashier,daer. Also found combined with a verb. In prepositional usage,van was used.

Alternative forms

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Descendants

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Further reading

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Middle Welsh

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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af

  1. first-personsingularpresentindicative ofmynet

Old Norse

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Etymology

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FromProto-Germanic*ab, whence alsoOld Englishæf,af,of (Englishof),Old Saxonab,af,Old High Germanaba,abo (Germanab),Gothic𐌰𐍆(af). Compare alsoau- inIcelandicauvirði.

Preposition

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af

  1. of,from,off,by

Descendants

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  • Icelandic:af
  • Faroese:av
  • Norwegian Nynorsk:av
  • Norwegian Bokmål:av
  • Norn:av
  • Elfdalian:åv
  • Old Swedish:af,āf,aff
    • Swedish:av,af(pre-1906 spelling; remains in surnames)
  • Danish:af

Further reading

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  • Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “af”, inA Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at theInternet Archive

Old Saxon

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Etymology

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FromProto-Germanic*ab.

Preposition

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af

  1. of
  2. out

Old Spanish

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Noun

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af f (pluralaues)

  1. Apocopic form ofaue(bird)
    • c.1250,Alfonso X,Lapidario,f. 97v:
      Et q̃ deſcẽda ſobreſta piedra la uertud de om̃e q̃ tẽga en la mano dieſtra lança ⁊ en la ſinieſtra unaf traſtornada.
      [Et que descenda sobre [e]sta piedra la vertud de omne que tenga en la mano diestra lanç e en la siniestra unaf trastornada.]
      And may there descend over this stone the virtue of the man holding a spear in his right hand and an upturnedbird in his left hand.

Portuguese

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Interjection

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af

  1. (Internetslang)afe

Scottish Gaelic

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Interjection

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af

  1. (onomatopoeia)arf,woof

Somali

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Etymology

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FromProto-Cushitic*ʔaf-/*yaf-. Cognate withBeja[script needed](yēf),Oromoafaan andAfaraf.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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äf m

  1. mouth
  2. language

References

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  • Puglielli, Annarita, Mansuur, Cabdalla Cumar (2012) “af”, inQaamuuska Af-Soomaliga[3], Rome:RomaTrE-Press,→ISBN, page35

Swedish

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Preposition

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af

  1. Archaic spelling ofav.

Usage notes

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  • Although phased out in theSwedish spelling reform of 1906, this spelling can still be seen insurnames ofnobility, such asaf Geijerstam andaf Wisborg.
  • Appears in some examples on Wiktionary that are actually quotes, where it should probably be replaced with "av" (along with other language modernization, or with the example marked as having archaic language – or moved into a quote).

See also

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Tarifit

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Etymology

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with theIPA then please add some!

Verb

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af (Tifinagh spellingⴰⴼ)

  1. (transitive) tofind, todiscover
  2. (transitive) tostumbleupon
  3. (intransitive, construed withɣar) toheal, torecover

Conjugation

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This verb needs aninflection-table template.

Derived terms

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  • Passive:twafa(to be found)
  • Verbal noun:twafit(discovery)
  • ataf(perhaps)

Related terms

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  • ffu(to be at dawn)

Turkish

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Etymology

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FromOttoman Turkishعفو('afv), fromArabicعَفْو(ʕafw).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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af (definite accusativeaffı,pluralaflar)

  1. pardon

Declension

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Declension ofaf
singularplural
nominativeafaflar
definite accusativeaffıafları
dativeaffaaflara
locativeaftaaflarda
ablativeaftanaflardan
genitiveaffınafların
Possessive forms
nominative
singularplural
1st singularaffımaflarım
2nd singularaffınafların
3rd singularaffıafları
1st pluralaffımızaflarımız
2nd pluralaffınızaflarınız
3rd pluralaflarıafları
definite accusative
singularplural
1st singularaffımıaflarımı
2nd singularaffınıaflarını
3rd singularaffınıaflarını
1st pluralaffımızıaflarımızı
2nd pluralaffınızıaflarınızı
3rd pluralaflarınıaflarını
dative
singularplural
1st singularaffımaaflarıma
2nd singularaffınaaflarına
3rd singularaffınaaflarına
1st pluralaffımızaaflarımıza
2nd pluralaffınızaaflarınıza
3rd pluralaflarınaaflarına
locative
singularplural
1st singularaffımdaaflarımda
2nd singularaffındaaflarında
3rd singularaffındaaflarında
1st pluralaffımızdaaflarımızda
2nd pluralaffınızdaaflarınızda
3rd pluralaflarındaaflarında
ablative
singularplural
1st singularaffımdanaflarımdan
2nd singularaffındanaflarından
3rd singularaffındanaflarından
1st pluralaffımızdanaflarımızdan
2nd pluralaffınızdanaflarınızdan
3rd pluralaflarındanaflarından
genitive
singularplural
1st singularaffımınaflarımın
2nd singularaffınınaflarının
3rd singularaffınınaflarının
1st pluralaffımızınaflarımızın
2nd pluralaffınızınaflarınızın
3rd pluralaflarınınaflarının

Derived terms

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References

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Welsh

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Alternative forms

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  • a(colloquial)

Pronunciation

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Verb

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af

  1. (literary)first-personsingularpresentindicative/future ofmynd

Yola

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Preposition

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af

  1. Alternative form ofov(of)

References

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  • Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor,A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published1867,page22
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