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1999, Nicholas Walker, “The Reorientation of Critical Theory: Habermas”, in Simon Glemdinning, editor,The Edinburgh Encyclopedia of Continental Philosophy[1],Routledge,→ISBN, page489:
During the late 1950s and throughout the 1960s, this commitment brought him into frequent critical confrontation with entrenched forms of conservative thinking (in academic areas from history and social science to the moreabstract domains of ethical and political philosophy),[…]
A concrete name is a name which stands for a thing; an abstract name which stands for an attribute of a thing.[…]A practice, however, has grown up in more modern times, which, if not introduced by Locke, has gained currency from his example, of applying the expression"abstract name" to all names which are the result of abstraction and generalization, and consequently to all general names, instead of confining it to the names of attributes.
2012, Laurence, Stephen and Margolis, Eric,Abstraction and the Origin of General Ideas, Philosophers' Imprint volume 12, no. 19, December 2012:
Given their opposition to innate ideas, philosophers in the empiricist tradition have sought to explain how the rich and multifariousrepresentational capacities that human beings possess derive from experience. A key explanatory strategy in this tradition, tracing back at least as far as John Locke’s An Essay Concerning Human Understanding, is to maintain that the acquisition of many of these capacities can be accounted for by a process ofabstraction. In fact, Locke himself claims in the Essay thatabstraction is the source of all general ideas (1690/1975, II, xii, §1). Although Berkeley and Hume were highly critical of Locke,abstraction as a source of generality has been a lasting theme in empiricist thought.
1667,John Milton, “Book VII”, inParadise Lost.[…], London:[…] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker[…];[a]nd by Robert Boulter[…];[a]nd Matthias Walker,[…],→OCLC; republished asParadise Lost in Ten Books:[…], London: Basil Montagu Pickering[…],1873,→OCLC, line1099:
Abſtract as in a tranſe methought I ſaw, abstract, as in a trance
White andabstract-looking, he sat and ate his dinner.
(art) Pertaining to the formal aspect of art, such as the lines, colors, shapes, and the relationships among them.[First attested in the mid 19th century.][1]
(art, often capitalized) Free from representational qualities, in particular the non-representational styles of the 20th century.[First attested in the mid 19th century.][1]
But his design is wonderful. He’s getting more and moreabstract every day. He’d given up the third dimension when I was there and was just thinking of giving up the second. Soon, he says, there’ll be just the blank canvas. That’s the logical conclusion. Complete abstraction.
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1872,William Black,The Strange Adventures of a Phaeton:
Von Rosen had quietlyabstracted the bearing-reins from the harness.
1869, Bholanauth Chunder,The Travels of a Hindoo to Various Parts of Bengal and Upper India:
The inlaid characters in diamond, and other precious stones, have been allabstracted away by the pelf-loving Jaut and Mahratta—leaving the walls defaced with the hollow marks of the chisel.
2014, A P Simester, J R Spencer, G R Sullivan,Simester and Sullivan's Criminal Law: Theory and Doctrine:
Section 13 of the 1968 Act enacts a separate offence of dishonestlyabstracting electricity. The separate offence is needed because electricity, like other forms of energy such as heat, is not property.
(transitive) Toconsider abstractly; tocontemplate separately or by itself; to consider theoretically; to look at as a general quality.[First attested in the early 17th century.][1]
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^Thomas, Clayton L., editor (1940),Taber's Encyclopedic Medical Dictionary, 5th edition, Philadelphia, PA: F. A. Davis Company, published1993,→ISBN, page14
↑3.03.1Philip Babcock Gove (editor),Webster's Third International Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged (G. & C. Merriam Co., 1976 [1909],→ISBN), page 8
