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absence

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Absence

English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishabsence, fromOld Frenchabsence,ausence, fromLatinabsentia, fromabsēns(“absent”), present active participle ofabsum(“I am away or absent”), fromab(“from, away from”) +sum(“I am”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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absence (usuallyuncountable,pluralabsences)

  1. A state of beingaway orwithdrawn from a place or fromcompanionship
    Absence makes the heart grow fonder.
  2. The period of someone being away.[First attested around 1350 to 1470.][1]
    During Jane'sabsence, Mark will be taking charge.
  3. Failure to be present where one is expected, wanted, or needed; nonattendance; deficiency.[First attested around 1350 to 1470.][1]
    • 2018 September 15, Barney Ronay, “Finely tuned Liverpool are really getting intoJürgen Klopp’s groove”, inThe Guardian‎[1]:
      Harry Kane was anabsence in that first half. He touched the ball 11 times despite Spurs taking 62% of possession.
    • 2022 January 12, Nigel Harris, “Comment: Unhappy start to 2022”, inRAIL, number948, page 3:
      Then, in January, a creeping tsunami of train cancellations, triggered by major staffabsences as a result of the aggressive transmissibility of Omicron, heaped further misery on rail users.
  4. Lack;deficiency;non-existence.[First attested around 1350 to 1470.][1]
    He had anabsence of enthusiasm.
    • 1826,James Kent,Commentaries on American Law:
      in theabsence of higher and more authoritative sanctions the ordinances of foreign states, the opinions of eminent statesmen, and the writings of distinguished jurists, are regarded as of great consideration on questions not settled by conventional law
    • 1980,AA Book of British Villages, Drive Publications Ltd, page150:
      The narrow streets that twist and turn through the compact heart of Dent are surfaced with cobbles which, in theabsence of pavements, spread right across from doorstep to doorstep.
  5. Inattention to things present;abstraction (of mind).[First attested in the early 18th century.][1]
    absence of mind
  6. (medicine) Temporary loss or disruption of consciousness, with sudden onset and recovery, and common in epilepsy.[First attested in the mid 20th century.][1]
  7. (fencing) Lack of contact betweenblades.

Synonyms

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Antonyms

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Derived terms

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Related terms

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Translations

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state of being away
failure to be present where one is expected
lack; deficiency; non-existence
inattention to things present
medical: temporary loss or disruption of consciousness
fencing: lack of contact between blades
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

References

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  1. ↑1.01.11.21.31.4Lesley Brown, editor-in-chief, William R. Trumble and Angus Stevenson, editors (2002), “absence”, inThe Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles, 5th edition, Oxford; New York, N.Y.:Oxford University Press,→ISBN, page 8.

Anagrams

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Czech

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromFrenchabsence, fromLatinabsentia, fromabsēns(“absent”), present active participle ofabsum(“I am away or absent”), fromab(“of, by, from”) +sum(“I am”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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absence f

  1. absence

Declension

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Declension ofabsence (soft feminine)
singularplural
nominativeabsenceabsence
genitiveabsenceabsencí
dativeabsenciabsencím
accusativeabsenciabsence
vocativeabsenceabsence
locativeabsenciabsencích
instrumentalabsencíabsencemi

Related terms

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Further reading

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Danish

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Etymology

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FromFrenchabsence, fromLatinabsentia.

Noun

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absence c (singular definiteabsencen,plural indefiniteabsencer)

  1. (medicine)petit mal

Inflection

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Declension ofabsence
common
gender		singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativeabsenceabsencenabsencerabsencerne
genitiveabsencesabsencensabsencersabsencernes

Synonyms

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References

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French

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Etymology

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FromLatinabsentia, fromabsēns(“absent”), present active participle ofabsum(“to be away or absent”), fromab(“of, by, from”) +sum(“to be”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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absence f (pluralabsences)

  1. absence (state of being absent orwithdrawn)

Derived terms

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Related terms

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Descendants

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Further reading

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Middle English

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Etymology

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FromOld Frenchabsence,ausence, fromLatinabsentia, fromabsēns(“absent”), present active participle ofabsum(“I am away or absent”), fromab(“of, by, from”) +sum(“I am”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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absence (pluralabsences)

  1. Beingaway orelsewhere;absence.
  2. Nonattendance ornonexistence; failure toappear.

Related terms

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Descendants

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References

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  • Stratmann, Francis Henry with Henry Bradley (First published 1891),A Dictionary of Middle English‎[2], London: Oxford University Press, published1954, page 3
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