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From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Appendix:Variations of "x"
Languages (38)
Translingual • English
Afar • Afrikaans • Albanian • Azerbaijani • Basque • Catalan • Central Franconian • Central Mazahua • Chinese • Dutch • Esperanto • Finnish • French • German • Heiltsuk • Hungarian • Icelandic • Ido • Italian • Kankanaey • Korean • Kwak'wala • Latin • Malay • Navajo • Norwegian • Portuguese • Romani • Romanian • Saanich • Somali • Spanish • Tagalog • Tashelhit • Vietnamese • Zulu
Page categories

XU+0058,X
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER X
W
[U+0057]
Basic LatinY
[U+0059]
Character variations

U+2169,Ⅹ
ROMAN NUMERAL TEN

[U+2168]
Number Forms
[U+216A]
U+FF38,X
FULLWIDTH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER X

[U+FF37]
Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms
[U+FF39]

Translingual

EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology 1

From theEtruscan letter𐌗(x,ex), from theAncient Greek letterΧ(Kh,chi), createdex nihilo.

Letter

X (lower casex)

  1. The twenty-fourth letter of thebasic modern Latin alphabet.
See also

Numeral

Roman numeral
XPrevious:IX
Next:XI

X

  1. TheRoman numeralten (10).
  2. (especially in the names of aristocracy) Thetenth.
Alternative forms
Derived terms

Symbol

X

  1. (bowling) Astrike.
    Coordinate term:/ (spare)
  2. (sports) Afail.
    Coordinate terms:O (success),- (skip)
  3. One of thetristimulus values which, withY andZ, defines coordinates in a three-dimensionalcolor space. Pronounced (in English)big X orcap X.
    • 2003, Charles A. Poynton,Digital Video and HDTV: Algorithms and Interfaces (in English),→ISBN, page217:
      X,Y andZ are pronouncedbig-X,big-Y, andbig-Z, orcap-X,cap-Y, andcap-Z, to distinguish them from littlex and littley, to be described in a moment.
  4. Aplaceholder for anyletter orword.
  5. (linguistics)Awildcard for anysound (consonant, vowel or tone).
  6. (international standards)Substituted for the third letter of acurrency code to denote the minor unit of thatcurrency.
  7. (chemistry)Halogen.

Etymology 2

Possibly fromskull and crossbones.

Symbol

X

  1. A hazard indicator, sometimes incorporated into standard labeling and signage systems.
Derived terms

Gallery

  • Letter styles
  • Uppercase and lowercase versions of X, in normal and italic type
    Uppercase and lowercase versions ofX, in normal and italic type
  • Uppercase and lowercase X in Fraktur
    Uppercase and lowercaseX inFraktur

See also

The templateTemplate:Letter does not use the parameter(s):
Character=X
Please seeModule:checkparams for help with this warning.

Other representations of X:

English

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Introduced byRené Descartes in the context of mathematical notation, but has since widened to other contexts.

Numeral

X

  1. An unknownquantity or unknown value.
    Alternative form:x
    LetX represent the forecast traffic flow in 20 years’ time.
Derived terms
X chromosome
Translations
unknown quantity or unknown value

Proper noun

Logo of the social media network(sense 3)

X

  1. Aplaceholder for an unknown, suppressed or hypothetical name.
    The woman known until now as WitnessX has been unmasked after a court ruling.
    Suppose that Mr and MrsX have been married for many years.
  2. (anthroponymy, politics)Asurname, used by those who have had their identity or heritage, including their proper ancestral names, erased or forgotten.
  3. (social media) Anonlinesocial medianetwork, formerly known asTwitter.
    • 2025 February 3, Richard Luscombe, “Marco Rubio appoints himself head of USAid as workers locked out of office”, inThe Guardian[1],→ISSN:
      Two senior USAid security officials were suspended on Sunday for blocking Doge officials from a restricted area, a day after the agency’s website went offline, and Musk posted toX that USAid was “beyond repair” and needed to be shut down.
Usage notes
  • Despite officially rebranding toX in July 2023, the social network is still commonly referred to asTwitter.
Derived terms
placeholder
surname
social media network

Further reading

Etymology 2

Letter

X (upper case,lower casex,pluralXsorX's)

  1. The twenty-fourthletter of the Englishalphabet, calledex and written in theLatin script.
See also

Noun

X

  1. Anymark that looks like that letter, such as a mark made by a person who cannot read or write in lieu of asignature.
  2. (lacrosse) The spot behind thegoal.
Derived terms
cross mark
signature mark
Translations
cross#nounseecross

Adjective

X (notcomparable)

  1. Intersex ornon-binary(in passports and identification documents).
    Alternative form:x
    Coordinate terms:M,F

Etymology 3

Presumably by abbreviation of the pronunciation ofecstasy.

Noun

X (uncountable)

  1. (slang)Ecstasy, a particularstreet drug.
    • 2003 January 7, “In da Club” (track 5), inGet Rich or Die Tryin', performed by50 Cent:
      You can find me in the club, bottle full of bub'. Look, mami, I got theX if you into takin' drugs.
    • 2008, Stephen King,Graduation Weekend:
      Tonight the kids will go out and party down in a more righteous mode. Alcohol and not a few tabs ofX will be ingested. Club music will throb through big speakers.
    • 2018 June 8, “Love Druggie”‎[2]performed by Mendoza:
      I'm a love druggie falling for these drug junkies. Come n call on me besides theseX parties. It's fucking hard on my body.
Translations
slang: ecstasy

Etymology 4

Adjective

X (notcomparable)

  1. (British film certificate, dated) Suitable only for those aged sixteen or (later) eighteen years and over.
  2. (originally movie rating)Obscene;adult;pornographic;XXX.
    • 1976,Movie Maker, volume10, numbers1-6, page364:
      If you go to anX movie you do so knowingly, as does everyone else in the audience. Or if the same thing comes up on TV you can switch over, or, if you wish, enjoy it in relative privacy.
Derived terms
Translations
suitable for those over 16 or 18
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Etymology 5

FromChrist by abbreviation,orthographic borrowing fromAncient GreekΧ(Kh,letterchi), fromΧριστός(Khristós,Christ).

Proper noun

X

  1. (informal)Christ
Derived terms
Translations
informal: Christ

Etymology 6

Sign reading “Pedestrian X” (Pedestrian Crossing)

Fromcross, due to theX symbol being acrosssaltire.

Noun

X (pluralXes)

  1. Cross,crossing.
    Kennington viaCharingX
Derived terms
Translations
cross, crossing

Etymology 7

Adjective

X (comparativemoreX,superlativemostX)

  1. (informal)Abbreviation ofextreme.

See also

Afar

Letter

X

  1. The eighthletter of the Afaralphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

Afrikaans

Pronunciation

Letter

X (upper case,lower casex)

  1. The twenty-fourthletter of the Afrikaansalphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

Noun

X (pluralX'e,diminutiveX'ie)

  1. X

Albanian

Pronunciation

IPA(key): /d͡z/

Letter

X (upper case X, lower case x)

  1. The thirty-secondletter of the Albanianalphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

Azerbaijani

Letter

Xupper case (lower casex)

  1. The twelfthletter of the Azerbaijanialphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

Basque

Pronunciation

Letter

X (upper case,lower casex)

  1. The twenty-fifthletter of the Basquealphabet, calledixa and written in theLatin script.

See also

Catalan

Pronunciation

Letter

X (upper case,lower casex)

  1. The twenty-fourthletter of the Catalanalphabet, calledics orxeix and written in theLatin script.

Derived terms

See also

Central Franconian

Pronunciation

  • /ks/

Letter

X

  1. A letter in the German-based alphabet of Central Franconian.
  2. A letter in the Dutch-based alphabet of Central Franconian.

Usage notes

  • In the German-based spelling,x is thedefault spelling for/ks/, but not the most frequent spelling. Following the German cognate or otherwise when there is an interveningmorpheme boundary, the spellingschs, cks, ks (possibly alsoggs) may be used instead.
  • In the Dutch-based spelling,/ks/ is usually represented byks. The letterx occurs only rarely in loanwords.
  • X is never doubled and preceding vowels are short unless they are themselves doubled (as in English).

Central Mazahua

Pronunciation

Letter

X (lower casex)

  1. A letter of theMazahua alphabet.

Chinese

Pronunciation 1


Letter

X

  1. The twenty-fourth letter of the Latin alphabet.

Pronunciation 2

Letter

X

  1. The second letter used inPinyin.

Dutch

Pronunciation

Letter

X (capital,lowercasex)

  1. The twenty-fourthletter of the Dutchalphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

  • Previous letter:W
  • Next letter:Y

Esperanto

Letter

X (upper case,lower casex)

  1. (replacement) The letter that represents a diacritic in thex-system, written after the letter in its non-diacriticed form; it is calledikso.
    ambaŭambaux

Finnish

Etymology

The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. Seethe Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, andX for information on the development of the glyph itself.

Letter

X (upper case,lower casex)

  1. The twenty-thirdletter of the Finnishalphabet, calledäks oreks and written in theLatin script.

Usage notes

  • Used only in loanwords. In more established loanwords, it is replaced withks.

Derived terms

compounds

See also

French

FrenchWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediafr

Pronunciation

Noun

X m orf (pluralX)

  1. The twenty-fourthletter of the Frenchalphabet, calledixe and written in theLatin script.
  2. X-framestool
    • 1862,Victor Hugo, chapter1, inLes Misérables, Tome I : Fantine, book 3:
      La duchesse de Duras lisait à trois ou quatre amis, dans son boudoir meublé d’X en satin bleu ciel[].
      The Duchess de Duras was reading to two or three friends, in a boudoir furnished with X-frame stools in sky-blue satin.

Adjective

X (invariable)

  1. X-rated

Derived terms

German

Pronunciation

Letter

X (upper case,lower casex)

  1. The twenty-fourthletter of the Germanalphabet, written in theLatin script.

Heiltsuk

Pronunciation

Letter

X (lower casex)

  1. Aletter of the Heiltsukalphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

Hungarian

Pronunciation

  • (letter name)IPA(key): [ˈiks]
  • (phonetic realization)IPA(key): [ˈks]

Letter

X (upper case,lower casex)

  1. A letter of the extended Hungarianalphabet, callediksz and written in theLatin script.

Declension

Inflection (stem in-e-, front unrounded harmony)
singularplural
nominativeXX-ek
accusativeX-etX-eket
dativeX-nekX-eknek
instrumentalX-szelX-ekkel
causal-finalX-értX-ekért
translativeX-széX-ekké
terminativeX-igX-ekig
essive-formalX-kéntX-ekként
essive-modal
inessiveX-benX-ekben
superessiveX-enX-eken
adessiveX-nélX-eknél
illativeX-beX-ekbe
sublativeX-reX-ekre
allativeX-hezX-ekhez
elativeX-bőlX-ekből
delativeX-rőlX-ekről
ablativeX-tőlX-ektől
non-attributive
possessive – singular
X-éX-eké
non-attributive
possessive – plural
X-éiX-ekéi
Possessive forms ofX
possessorsingle possessionmultiple possessions
1st person sing.X-emX-eim
2nd person sing.X-edX-eid
3rd person sing.X-eX-ei
1st person pluralX-ünkX-eink
2nd person pluralX-etekX-eitek
3rd person pluralX-ükX-eik

See also

Icelandic

Letter

X (lower casex)

  1. The twenty-seventhletter of the Icelandicalphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

Ido

Pronunciation

Letter

X (lower casex)

  1. The twenty-fourthletter of the Idoalphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

Italian

ItalianWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediait

Pronunciation

Letter

X f orm (invariable,upper case,lower casex)

  1. the twenty-fourth letter of theLatin alphabet, calledics in Italian

Usage notes

  • The letterX is not considered part of the Italian alphabet. It is found mainly in loanwords,Latinisms, andGrecisms.

See also

Kankanaey

Etymology

Borrowed fromTagalogX. Letter pronunciation is influenced byEnglishX.

Pronunciation

  • (letter name)IPA(key): /ʔeks/[ʔek̠s]
    • IPA(key): (parts of Bauko, Sabangan, & Tadian)/ʔekh/[ʔek̠h]
    • Rhymes:-eks,(parts of Bauko, Sabangan, & Tadian)-ekh
  • (phoneme)IPA(key): /ks/[k̠s]
    • IPA(key): (parts of Bauko, Sabangan, & Tadian)/kh/[k̠h]

Letter

X (upper case,lower casex)

  1. The twenty-sixthletter of the Kankanaeyalphabet, calledeks and written in theLatin script.

See also

References

  • Komisyon ng Wikang Filipino (2016)Ortograpiya di Kankanaëy [Kankanaey Orthography]‎[3] (in Kankanaey and Tagalog),→ISBN, pages10-11

Korean

Etymology

FromJapanese×(ばつ).

Symbol

X (X)

  1. false.

Antonyms

Derived terms

OX(OX)

Kwak'wala

Pronunciation

Letter

X (lower casex)

  1. Aletter of the Kwak'walaalphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

Latin

LatinWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediala

Etymology

Borrowed fromAncient GreekΧ(Kh,chi), which represented /ks/ in the dialects of most of the Greek mainland and Euboea.

Pronunciation

The sound of X was like that of the GreekΞ(X,xi), that is /ks/, although etymologically it represented not onlycs (as inlūx, from luc-s, anddīxī, from dic-si), but alsogs (as inlēx, from leg-s;rēxī, from reg-si);hs (as intrāxī, from trah-si;vexī, from veh-si); andchs (as in the wordonyx, from onych-s, borrowed from the Greek). Thehardening of a softer final (g,h,ch) befores into theс sound, which occurs in the last-mentioned cases, is found also in several roots ending inv andu:nix forniv-s,vīxī forviv-si,connixī for conniv-si,fluxī forfluv-si, fromfluō (rootfluv-; comparefluvius),struxī forstru-si.

Less frequentlyx has arisen from the combinationsps andts:proximus forprop-simus (fromprope),nīxus for nit-sus (fromnītor), the latter being used along with the collateral formnīsus, as alsoconnīvī withconnixī, andmistus (frommisceō) withmixtus.

An exchange of the soundsss ors andx, took place inaxis forassis andlaxus forlassus. In the later language of the vulgar, the guttural sound inx disappeared, ands orss was often written for it; asvis forvix,visit forvīxit,unsit forunxit, conflississet forconflixisset, in late inscriptions; hence regularly in Italian, and frequently in the other Romance tongues, the Latinx is represented bys orss.

By a mere graphic variation, one of the constituent sounds ofx is often expressed in inscriptions (but not the earliest) by an additionalс ors; as SACXO or SAXSO forsaxō; VCXOR or VXSOR foruxor; CONIVNCX or CONIVNXS forconjunx; even both sounds are sometimes thus expressed, VICXSIT forvīxit.

Letter

X (upper case,lower casex)

  1. The twenty-thirdletter of the Latinalphabet, written in theLatin script.

Numeral

X

  1. ten;decem.

See also

References

  • “X” in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short [1907],A New Latin Dictionary.

Malay

MalayWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediams

Pronunciation

Letter

X

  1. The twenty-fourthletter of the Malayalphabet, calledeks and written in theLatin script.

See also

Navajo

Letter

X (lower casex)

  1. Aletter of the Navajoalphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

Norwegian

Letter

X (upper case X, lower case x)

  1. the 24th letter of the Norwegian alphabet

Usage notes

Mostly used in loan words and foreign names. Also used in old inscriptions and texts instead ofks.

Portuguese

Pronunciation

(letter name)

 

(phonetic realization)IPA(key): /s/,/z/,/ʃ/,/ks/,/ɡz/

Letter

X (upper case,lower casex)

  1. The twenty-fourthletter of the Portuguesealphabet, calledxis and written in theLatin script.

See also

Romani

Pronunciation

Letter

X (upper case,lower casex)

  1. (International Standard)The eleventhletter of the Romanialphabet, written in theLatin script.
  2. (Pan-Vlax)The twelfthletter of the Romanialphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

References

  • Yūsuke Sumi (2018) “X, x”, inニューエクスプレス ロマ(ジプシー)語 [New Express Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha,→ISBN, page13

Romanian

Pronunciation

  • (phonetic realization)IPA(key): /ks/,/ɡz/

Letter

X (upper case,lower casex)

  1. The twenty-ninthletter of the Romanianalphabet, calledics and written in theLatin script.

See also

Saanich

Pronunciation

  • (phonetic realization)IPA(key): /x̠/

Letter

X

  1. The thirty-fifthletter of the Saanichalphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

Somali

Pronunciation

  • (letter name)IPA(key): /ħɑ/
  • (phonetic realization)IPA(key): /ħ/

Letter

Xupper case (lower casex)

  1. The fifthletter of the Somalialphabet, calledxa and written in theLatin script.

Usage notes

  1. The fifth letter of theSomali alphabet, which followsArabicabjad order. It is preceded byJ and followed byKH.

See also

Spanish

Pronunciation

Letter

X (upper case,lower casex)

  1. The twenty-fifthletter of the Spanishalphabet, written in theLatin script.

Derived terms

Tagalog

Etymology

Borrowed fromSpanishX. Each pronunciation has a different source:

  • Filipino alphabet pronunciation is influenced byEnglish X.
  • Abecedario pronunciation is fromSpanish X.

Pronunciation

Letter

X (upper case,lower casex,Baybayin spellingᜁᜃ᜔ᜐ᜔)

  1. The twenty-sixthletter of the Tagalogalphabet (theFilipino alphabet), calledeks and written in theLatin script.

Usage notes

  • This letter is mostly used only in proper nouns, unadapted loanwords, or Spanish-based spellings.

Related terms

See also

Letter

X (upper case,lower casex,Baybayin spellingᜁᜃᜒᜐ᜔)

  1. (historical)The twenty-sixthletter of the Tagalogalphabet (theAbecedario), calledequis orekis and written in theLatin script.

Further reading

  • X”, inPambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila,2018

Tashelhit

Pronunciation

  1. IPA(key): /χ/

Letter

X (lower casex)

  1. Aletter of the Tashelhitalphabet, written in theLatin script.

Further reading

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

  • (Hà Nội)IPA(key): [ʔit̚˧˦ si˨˩],[ʔit̚˧˦ si˨˩],[səː˨˩],[səː˨˩ ɲɛ˧˨ʔ]
  • (Huế)IPA(key): [ʔit̚˦˧˥ ʂɪj˦˩] ~[ʔit̚˦˧˥ sɪj˦˩],[ʔit̚˦˧˥ sɪj˦˩],[səː˦˩],[səː˦˩ ɲɛ˨˩ʔ]
  • (Saigon)IPA(key): [ʔɨt̚˦˥ ʂɪj˨˩] ~[ʔɨt̚˦˥ sɪj˨˩],[ʔɨt̚˦˥ sɪj˨˩],[səː˨˩],[səː˨˩ ɲɛ˨˩˨]
  • Phonetic spelling: ít sì, ít xì, xờ, xờ nhẹ

Letter

X (upper case,lower casex)

  1. The twenty-eighthletter of the Vietnamesealphabet, calledích,ích xì,xờ, orxờ nhẹ and written in theLatin script.

See also

Zulu

Letter

X (upper case,lower casex)

  1. The twenty-fourthletter of the Zulualphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

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