ThisProto-Slavic entry containsreconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directlyattested, but are hypothesized to have existed based oncomparative evidence.

Derived fromProto-Indo-European*bʰeh₂g-(“todivide”).

Cognates includeSanskritभग(bhaga,“happiness,welfare,prosperity”),Avestan𐬠𐬀𐬔𐬀(baga,“share”),Tocharian Apāk(“part,portion,share”). The following meanings have been displaced byEtymology 2 and are attested mainly in compounds and derived terms.Doublet of*banъ.

*bȍgъ m[1]

1. share,cut,wealth,luck

   *čь̀rnъbȍgъ ―badluck

   *bě̃lъbȍgъ ―goodluck

• *bogatěti
• *bogatiti (sę)
• *bogatьstvo

• East Slavic:
  • ⇒ Old Ruthenian:за прости богъ(za prosti boh,“free of charge,for free”)
  • ⇒ Ukrainian:за мали́м бо́гом(za malým bóhom,“almost”)(dialectal)
• South Slavic:
  • ⇒ Bulgarian:да бога(da boga,“abundantly,in abundance,very”)
  • ⇒ Macedonian:да бога(da boga,“abundantly,in abundance,very”)(dialectal)
  • ⇒ Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script:до (зла) бога(“abundantly,in abundance,very”)

    Latin script:do (zla) boga(“abundantly,in abundance,very”)

  • ⇒ Slovene:zlego boga uživa(“he's doingbadly”)(dialectal)
• West Slavic:
  • ⇒ Czech:do boha(“abundantly,in abundance,very”)
    • ⇒ Moravian:na ty bohy(“fortunately”)
  • ⇒ Old Polish:do boga(“abundantly,in abundance,very”)
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian:bog(“Christmasgift”)

• Non-Slavic:
  • → Lithuanian:bagà(“property,treasure”)

Identical withEtymology 1. According to consensus, asemantic loan fromScythian languages.Displaced earlier*divъ.

Semantic cognates includeOld Persian𐏎(BG/⁠bagaʰ⁠⁠/,“god”),Avestan𐬠𐬀𐬖𐬀(baγa,“god”).

*bȍgъ m (diminutive*božęor*božьcьor*božьkъ)^[1][2][3]

1. (religion)god

   *dàďьbože! ―god willing!

   *bȍgъ dàďь! ―god willing!

   *ne dàďьbože! ―god forbid!

   *obože! ―ohgod!

• *božьnica
• *božьba

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic:богъ(bogŭ)
    • Old Ruthenian:богъ(boh),бѡгъ(bôh),бугъ(buh) —Middle Ukrainian
      • Belarusian:бог(boh)
      • Carpathian Rusyn:бог(boh),буг(buh)
      • Ukrainian:бог(boh),біг(bih),бі(bi)
    • Russian:бог(bog)
  • Old Novgorodian:бого(bogo)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script:богъ(bogŭ)

    Glagolitic script:ⰱⱁⰳⱏ(bogŭ)

  • Bulgarian:бог(bog)
  • Macedonian:бог(bog)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script:бо̑г

    Latin script:bȏg

    • Slavomolisano:bog
  • Slovene:bọ̑g(tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech:bóh
    • Czech:bůh
  • Old Polish:bóg
    • Polish:bóg
    • Silesian:bōg
  • Polabian:büg
  • Pomeranian:
    • Kashubian:bóg
    • Slovincian:bóg
  • Slovak:boh
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian:bog
    • Upper Sorbian:bóh

• Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “bóg”, inSłownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie,→ISBN, page36
• Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000), “bóg”, inEtymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), volume69, page 1
• Brückner, Aleksander (1927), “bóg”, inSłownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna
• Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982), “бог”, inЕтимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 1(А – Г), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka,page219
• Martynaŭ, V. U., editor (1978), “Вог¹”, inЭтымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 1(А – бячэ́йка), Minsk: Navuka i technika,page366
• Anikin, A. E. (2009), “бог I”, inРусский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 3(бе – болдыхать), Moscow: Manuscript Monuments Ancient Rus,→ISBN,page291
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “бог”, inБългарски етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House,→ISBN, page60
• Snoj, Marko (2016), “bog”, inSlovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition,https://fran.si
• Skok, Petar (1971), “bogat”, inEtimologijski rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika [Etymological Dictionary of the Croatian or Serbian Language] (in Serbo-Croatian), volumes 1 (A – J), Zagreb: JAZU, page178
• Schuster-Šewc, Heinz (1978), “os. bóh”, inHistorisch-etymologisches Wörterbuch der ober- und niedersorbischen Sprache [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Upper and Lower Sorbian Language] (in German), numbers 1 (A – bohot), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag,→ISBN, page48
• Rejzek, Jiří (2007), “bůh”, inČeský etymologický slovník (in Czech), Leda, page95

• Machek, Václav (1968), “bůh”, inEtymologický slovník jazyka českého [Etymological Dictionary of the Czech Language], 2nd edition, Prague:Academia, page75
• Havlová, Eva, editor (1990), “bogъ”, inEtymologický slovník jazyka staroslověnského [Etymological Dictionary of the Old Church Slavonic Language] (in Czech), numbers 2 (blagъ – dělo), Prague: Academia,→ISBN, page70
• Králik, Ľubor (2016), “boh”, inStručný etymologický slovník slovenčiny [Concise Etymological Dictionary of Slovak] (in Slovak), Bratislava: VEDA; JÚĽŠ SAV,→ISBN, page75

FromEtymology 1. For contrast, cf.*bolgъ(“good,nice;bad”),Latinsacer(“sacred,holy;cursed”).

*bogъ^[1]

1. poor

   Synonyms:*ubògъ,*bědьnъ

   Antonym:*bogàtъ

• East Slavic:
  • Russian:бо́гий(bógij)(dialectal)
• South Slavic:
  • ⇒ Bulgarian:бо́жек(bóžek,“beggar”),бо́жак(bóžak,“whobegs for God so that he eats”);бо́жьак(bóžʹak,“beggar”)(dialectal)
  • ⇒ Macedonian:божјак(božjak,“beggar”)
  • ⇒ Serbo-Croatian:

    Latin script:bȍžjāk(“beggar;wretch”),bȍgālj(“beggar”);bogalȉja(“beggar”)(dialectal)

    Cyrillic script:бо̏жја̄к(“beggar;wretch”),бо̏га̄љ(“beggar”);богали̏ја(dialectal)

  • Slovene:bö́γi(dialectal)
• West Slavic:
  • ⇒ Czech:
    • Moravian:božátko(“poor thing”)

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1975), “*bogъ”, inЭтимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 2 (*bez – *bratrъ), Moscow: Nauka, page161
• Skok, Petar (1971), “Proto-Slavic/bogъ”, inEtimologijski rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika [Etymological Dictionary of the Croatian or Serbian Language] (in Serbo-Croatian), volumes 1 (A – J), Zagreb: JAZU, page178
• Mallory, J. P.,Adams, D. Q., editors (1997),Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers,page161
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010),Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series;10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill,→ISBN, page1543
• Rix, Helmut, editor (2001),Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag,→ISBN,page65
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “бог”, inOleg Trubachyov, transl.,Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Brückner, Aleksander (1927), “bóg”, inSłownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna,page33
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “бог”, inБългарски етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House,→ISBN, page60

• Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
• Proto-Slavic doublets
• Proto-Slavic lemmas
• Proto-Slavic nouns
• Proto-Slavic masculine nouns
• Proto-Slavic terms with collocations
• Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns
• Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns
• Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c
• Proto-Slavic semantic loans from Scythian languages
• Proto-Slavic terms derived from Scythian languages
• sla-pro:Religion
• Proto-Slavic adjectives
• Proto-Slavic hard adjectives

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• Pages with 1 entry