Movatterモバイル変換

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/né

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

ThisProto-Indo-European entry containsreconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directlyattested, but are hypothesized to have existed based oncomparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

[edit]

Particle

[edit]

*né^[1]^[2]

Derived terms

[edit]

*n̥- (see there for further descendants)
*né eh₁^[1]or*nḗ^[3]^[4]
- Proto-Balto-Slavic:*nē
  - Lithuanian:nė̃(“not even”)
  - Proto-Slavic:*ně
    - Old Church Slavonic:нѣ(ně)
  - >? Proto-Slavic:*ně-(“some but indefinite who”) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic:*nē^[5]
  - Gothic:𐌽𐌴(nē)
  - Old Norse:né
- >? Proto-Italic:*nē(or from*méh₁, with replacement of m- by n-) (see there for further descendants)
*néíh₁^[1]or*né-y^[6]
- Proto-Balto-Slavic:*nei (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic:*nī(“not, never”)(from earlier *nei)
  - Proto-West Germanic:
    - Old High German:nī^[7]
  - Old Norse:ní (see there for further descendants)
  - Gothic:𐌽𐌴𐌹(nei)
- >? Proto-Indo-Iranian:
  - Proto-Iranian:*nay
    - Old Avestan:𐬥𐬀𐬉(naē)
    - >? Old Persian:𐎴𐎡𐎹(n-i-y/⁠naiy⁠/)(or from*náyd)
- Proto-Italic:*nei
  - Latin:nī
*né-kʷe(“and not”)
- Proto-Anatolian:
  - Hittite:[script needed](nekku,“not?”)^[8]
- Proto-Celtic:*nekʷe (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic:*nehw (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Italic:
  - Latin:neque
^?*no-h₁^[1]
- Proto-Italic:
  - ⇒ Latin:nōn(or fromnoenum^[9])

Unsorted formations

Proto-Germanic:
- Proto-West Germanic:
  - Old English:nā (see there for further descendants)
  - Old Frisian:nā,nō (see there for further descendants)
  - Middle Low German:nē
- Old Norse:nei (see there for further descendants)

Descendants

[edit]

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *né

⇒ Proto-Albanian:*ne uka
- Albanian:nuk(not, doesn’t)
Proto-Balto-Slavic:*ne (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Celtic:*ne (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Germanic:*ne,*ni (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Indo-Iranian:*ná (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Italic:*nē (see there for further descendants)

References

[edit]

↑^1.0^1.1^1.2^1.3Dunkel, George E. (2014), “1.*né 'nicht'”, inLexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter,→ISBN, pages530-549
^Ringe, Donald (2006),From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎^[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press,→ISBN,page117
^Derksen, Rick (2015), “nė”, inEtymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series;13), Leiden, Boston: Brill,→ISBN,page331
^De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “nē”, inEtymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill,→ISBN,pages403-4
^Vladimir Orel (2003),A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[2], Leiden, Boston:Brill,→ISBN,pages285-6
^De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “nī”, inEtymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill,→ISBN,page408
^Jan de Vries (1977) [1957–1960], “ni”, inAltnordisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Old Norse Etymological Dictionary] (in German), 3rd edition, Leiden:E[vert] J[an] Brill,→OCLC,page408.
^Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008), “nekku”, inEtymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill,→ISBN,pages601-602
^De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “ne-”, inEtymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill,→ISBN,page403

Movatterモバイル変換

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/né

Proto-Indo-European

Particle

Derived terms

Descendants

See also

References

Further reading