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Israel

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:israel,Ísrael,Israèl,İsrael,andIsraël
Languages (24)
English
Afrikaans • Asturian • Catalan • Central Huasteca Nahuatl • Central Nahuatl • Danish • Finnish • German • Hunsrik • Iban • Indonesian • Interlingua • Latin • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Old Galician-Portuguese • Plautdietsch • Portuguese • Romanian • Spanish • Swedish • Tagalog • Welsh
Page categories

English

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The flag of the State of Israel
A location map of the State of Israel, with disputed territories shown in light green

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromMiddle EnglishIsrael, fromOld English, borrowed fromLatinIsrael, fromAncient GreekἸσραήλ(Israḗl), fromHebrewיִשְׂרָאֵל(yisra'él,Israel).[1][2] In the Bible, it is said to be from the nameיִשְׂרֶהאֵל(yisré 'él) given toJacob inGenesis 32:29, after which his descendants came to be known asIsraelites and their land as the "kingdom/land of Israel". The personal name, already attested inEblaite𒅖𒊏𒅋 (iš-ra-il) andUgaritic𐎊𐎌𐎗𐎛𐎍(yšrỉl),[3] has been variously translated as "he wrestles with God", "he prevails with God",[4] or "God rules" (possibly from the same rootש־ר־ה/ש־ר־ר asשָׂרָה(Sarah)).[5]

Line 27 of theMerneptah Stele (from about 1200B.C.E.) is thought to contain the earliest attestation of the nameIsrael in any language,Egyptianysrjꜣr.

iiz
Z1sZ1s
r
iAr
Z1T14
A1B1
Z2

Doublet ofYisroel.

Pronunciation

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  • enPR:ĭzʹrā-əl,ĭzʹrē-əl;IPA(key): /ˈɪz.ɹeɪ.əl/,/ˈɪz.ɹi.əl/
    (US)enPR:ĭzʹrāl;IPA(key): /ˈɪz.ɹeɪl/
    (formal and posh RP)enPR:ĭzʹrā-ĕl;IPA(key): /ˈɪz.ɹeɪ.ɛl/
    (in singing also)enPR:ĭzʹrī-ĕl;IPA(key): /ˈɪz.ɹaɪ.ɛl/
    (certain Carolina accents)IPA(key): /ˈɪz.ɹɛəl/
  • Audio(UK):(file)
  • Audio(US):(file)

Proper noun

[edit]

Israel (countable anduncountable,pluralIsraels)

  1. A country inWestern Asia, in theMiddle East, at the easternshore of theMediterranean. Official name:State of Israel.
    • 2023 October 18, “We’re anti-Zionist Jews and we see genocide unfolding in Gaza”, inThe Guardian[2],→ISSN:
      Representative Nancy Pelosi, our California congresswoman, has affirmed that the United States stands “unwaveringly” byIsrael as it conducts its defense[]
  2. (biblical) A Biblical region ofWestern Asia roughlycoextensive with the modernState of Israel, known in the Bible as theLand of Israel and considered the ancestral homeland of theJewish people.
  3. (historical) An ancientkingdom inWestern Asia, roughlycoextensive with the modernState of Israel and theLand of Israel.
  4. (historical) An ancientkingdom that occupied the northern part of theLand of Israel and modernState of Israel, as distinct fromJudah.
  5. (historical, Judaism, liturgical, otherwise now proscribed or offensive) TheJews as a people, takencollectively.
    • 2024 August 24 (last accessed), My Jewish learning,The Shema[3]:
      Hear O’Israel, the Lord is our God, the Lord is One
    • 2024 August 24 (last accessed), My Jewish learning,The Shema[4]:
      For our ancestors, for us, for our children, for every generation of the peopleIsrael, for all ages from the first to the last, His teachings are true, everlasting.
  6. A malegiven name from Hebrew.
    1. Another name forJacob, notably afterGenesis 32:28 and in laterreferences.
  7. Asurname.
  8. Abarangay ofImelda,Zamboanga Sibugay,Philippines
    Synonym:Balian Israelold name
    Coordinate terms:Balugo,Balungisan,Baluyan,Cana-an,Dumpoc,Gandiangan,Guintolan,Israel,La Victoria,Little Baguio,Lower Baluran,Lumbog,Lumpanac,Mali Little Baguio,Poblacion,Pulawan,San Jose,Santa Barbara,Upper Baluranbarangays of Imelda
    • 2015 June, “The Municipality of Imelda receives checks for the completion of their water system project”, inDILG IX[5]:
      These are intended for the completion of the Construction of Level II Water System Project for barangays Mt. View, Little Baguio andIsrael under the BuB-Water and Construction of Brgy. Bulongisan-Canaan Level II Water Supply under the SALINTUBIG Program.

Usage notes

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  • (region): The use ofIsrael to refer to the region between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea in a non-historical sense is (since the latter half of the 20th century) politically charged; indeed, this is true of all terms for this region.

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Related terms

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Descendants

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Translations

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the state
the region
the ancient kingdom
the Jews, taken collectively
Biblical: name given to Jacob
given name

See also

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countries in Asia (appendix)edit

References

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  1. ^Israel”, inDictionary.com Unabridged,Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
  2. ^Israel”, inMerriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.:Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
  3. ^Michael G. Hasel,Domination and Resistance: Egyptian Military Activity in the Southern Levant (Brill, 1998)
  4. ^James P. Boyd,Bible dictionary (Ottenheimer Publishers, 1958)
  5. ^Victor P. Hamilton,The Book of Genesis: Chapters 18–50 (NICOT, Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1995)

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Afrikaans

[edit]
AfrikaansWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediaaf

Etymology

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Inherited fromDutchIsraël, fromMiddle Dutchisrael, fromOld Dutchisrael, fromLatinIsrāēl, fromAncient GreekἸσρᾱήλ(Isrāḗl), fromBiblical Hebrewיִשְׂרָאֵל.

Proper noun

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Israel

  1. Israel (a country inWestern Asia, in theMiddle East, at the easternshore of theMediterranean)

Related terms

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Asturian

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AsturianWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediaast

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /israˈel/[iz.raˈel]
  • Rhymes:-el
  • Syllabification:Is‧ra‧el

Proper noun

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Israel m

  1. Israel (a country inWestern Asia, in theMiddle East, at the easternshore of theMediterranean)

Related terms

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Catalan

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CatalanWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediaca

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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Israel m

  1. Israel (a country inWestern Asia, in theMiddle East, at the easternshore of theMediterranean)
  2. a malegiven name, equivalent to EnglishIsrael

Related terms

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Central Huasteca Nahuatl

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Proper noun

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Israel

  1. Israel (a country inWestern Asia, in theMiddle East, at the easternshore of theMediterranean)

Central Nahuatl

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Proper noun

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Israel

  1. Israel (a country inWestern Asia, in theMiddle East, at the easternshore of theMediterranean)

Danish

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DanishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediada

Proper noun

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Israel

  1. Israel (a country inWestern Asia, in theMiddle East, at the easternshore of theMediterranean)

Derived terms

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Related terms

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Finnish

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FinnishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediafi

Etymology

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FromBiblical Hebrewיִשְׂרָאֵל(yisra'él).

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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Israel

  1. Israel (a country inWestern Asia, in theMiddle East, at the easternshore of theMediterranean)

Declension

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Inflection ofIsrael (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
nominativeIsrael
genitiveIsraelin
partitiveIsraelia
illativeIsraeliin
singularplural
nominativeIsrael
accusativenom.Israel
gen.Israelin
genitiveIsraelin
partitiveIsraelia
inessiveIsraelissa
elativeIsraelista
illativeIsraeliin
adessiveIsraelilla
ablativeIsraelilta
allativeIsraelille
essiveIsraelina
translativeIsraeliksi
abessiveIsraelitta
instructive
comitativeSee the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms ofIsrael(Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singularplural
nominativeIsraelini
accusativenom.Israelini
gen.Israelini
genitiveIsraelini
partitiveIsraeliani
inessiveIsraelissani
elativeIsraelistani
illativeIsraeliini
adessiveIsraelillani
ablativeIsraeliltani
allativeIsraelilleni
essiveIsraelinani
translativeIsraelikseni
abessiveIsraelittani
instructive
comitative
second-person singular possessor
singularplural
nominativeIsraelisi
accusativenom.Israelisi
gen.Israelisi
genitiveIsraelisi
partitiveIsraeliasi
inessiveIsraelissasi
elativeIsraelistasi
illativeIsraeliisi
adessiveIsraelillasi
ablativeIsraeliltasi
allativeIsraelillesi
essiveIsraelinasi
translativeIsraeliksesi
abessiveIsraelittasi
instructive
comitative
first-person plural possessor
singularplural
nominativeIsraelimme
accusativenom.Israelimme
gen.Israelimme
genitiveIsraelimme
partitiveIsraeliamme
inessiveIsraelissamme
elativeIsraelistamme
illativeIsraeliimme
adessiveIsraelillamme
ablativeIsraeliltamme
allativeIsraelillemme
essiveIsraelinamme
translativeIsraeliksemme
abessiveIsraelittamme
instructive
comitative
second-person plural possessor
singularplural
nominativeIsraelinne
accusativenom.Israelinne
gen.Israelinne
genitiveIsraelinne
partitiveIsraelianne
inessiveIsraelissanne
elativeIsraelistanne
illativeIsraeliinne
adessiveIsraelillanne
ablativeIsraeliltanne
allativeIsraelillenne
essiveIsraelinanne
translativeIsraeliksenne
abessiveIsraelittanne
instructive
comitative
third-person possessor
singularplural
nominativeIsraelinsa
accusativenom.Israelinsa
gen.Israelinsa
genitiveIsraelinsa
partitiveIsraeliaan
Israeliansa
inessiveIsraelissaan
Israelissansa
elativeIsraelistaan
Israelistansa
illativeIsraeliinsa
adessiveIsraelillaan
Israelillansa
ablativeIsraeliltaan
Israeliltansa
allativeIsraelilleen
Israelillensa
essiveIsraelinaan
Israelinansa
translativeIsraelikseen
Israeliksensa
abessiveIsraelittaan
Israelittansa
instructive
comitative

Derived terms

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Anagrams

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German

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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LatinIsrael,Ancient GreekἸσραήλ(Israḗl)

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈiːsʁaeːl]
  • IPA(key): [ˈɪsʁaeːl](less common)
  • Audio:(file)
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation:Is‧ra‧el

Proper noun

[edit]

Israel

  1. (biblical)Israel, another name of the patriarchJacob
    • 1912, Lutherbibel 1912, 1.Mose 32, 29 (Luther Bible 1912, Genesis 32:29):
      Er sprach: Du sollst nicht mehr Jakob heißen, sondernIsrael; denn du hast mit Gott und mit Menschen gekämpft und bist obgelegen.
      And he said: Thy name shall be called no more Jacob, butIsrael; for thou hast power with God and with men, and hast prevailed.

Proper noun

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Israel n (proper noun,genitiveIsraelsor(optionally with an article)Israel)

  1. Israel (a country inWestern Asia, in theMiddle East, at the easternshore of theMediterranean; official name:Staat Israel)

Derived terms

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Related terms

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Further reading

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  • Israel” inDigitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
  • Israel” inDuden online

Hunsrik

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]
    Etymology tree
    Koine GreekἸσρᾱήλ(Isrāḗl)bor.
    Ecclesiastical LatinIsraellbor.
    Old Galician-PortugueseIsrael
    Brazilian PortugueseIsraelbor.
    HunsrikIsrael

    Borrowed fromBrazilian PortugueseIsrael.

    Pronunciation

    [edit]
    • IPA(key): /israˈeːl/
    • Rhymes:-eːl
    • Syllabification:Is‧ra‧el

    Proper noun

    [edit]

    Israel n

    1. Israel (a country inWestern Asia, in theMiddle East, at the easternshore of theMediterranean)

    Related terms

    [edit]

    See also

    [edit]
    countries in Asia:asiatischeLand (appendix)edit

    References

    [edit]
    • Piter Kehoma Boll (2021) “Israel”, inDicionário Hunsriqueano Riograndense–Português (in Portuguese), 3rd edition, Ivoti:Riograndenser Hunsrickisch,page83, column 2

    Iban

    [edit]

    Etymology

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    Borrowed fromEnglishIsrael.

    Pronunciation

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    Proper noun

    [edit]

    Israel

    1. Israel (a country inWestern Asia, in theMiddle East, at the easternshore of theMediterranean)

    Adjective

    [edit]

    Israel

    1. Israeli

    Indonesian

    [edit]
    IndonesianWikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipediaid

    Etymology

    [edit]

    FromDutchIsraël, fromMiddle Dutchisrael, fromOld Dutchisrael, fromLatinIsrāēl, fromAncient GreekἸσρᾱήλ(Isrāḗl), fromBiblical Hebrewיִשְׂרָאֵל.Doublet ofIsrail.

    Pronunciation

    [edit]
    • IPA(key): [ɪsˈrael]
    • Hyphenation:Is‧ra‧él

    Proper noun

    [edit]

    Israel

    1. Israel:
      1. A country inWestern Asia, in theMiddle East, at the easternshore of theMediterranean
      2. (biblical) A Biblical region ofWestern Asia roughlycoextensive with the modernState of Israel, known in the Bible as theLand of Israel and considered the ancestral homeland of theJewish people
      3. (historical) An ancientkingdom inWestern Asia, roughlycoextensive with the modernState of Israel and theLand of Israel
      4. (historical) An ancientkingdom that occupied the northern part of theLand of Israel and modernState of Israel, as distinct fromJudah
      5. theJews, taken collectively
        Synonym:Yahudi

    Further reading

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    Interlingua

    [edit]

    Pronunciation

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    Proper noun

    [edit]

    Israel

    1. (all senses)Israel

    Latin

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    Alternative forms

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    Etymology

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      Borrowed fromKoine GreekἸσρᾱήλ(Isrāḗl), fromBiblical Hebrewיִשְׂרָאֵל(Yiśrāʾēl). The spellingIstrāhēl, fromἸστρᾱήλ(Istrāḗl), was predominant until the dissemination ofJerome’sVulgate (5th centuryCE), which popularizedIsrāhēl. Theh was gradually lost thereafter.[1]

      Pronunciation

      [edit]

      Proper noun

      [edit]

      Isrāēl sg (genitiveIsrāēlorIsrāēlis);indeclinable, variously declined,third declension

      1. (Late Latin, Ecclesiastical Latin)Israel, another name of the patriarchJacob
        • 405CE,Jerome,Vulgate Genesis.32.28:
          At ille: Nequaquam, inquit, Iacob appellabitur nomen tuum, sedIsrahel: quoniam si contra Deum fortis fuisti quanto magis contra homines praevalebis.
          (pleaseadd an English translation of this quotation)
      2. (New Latin)Israel (a country inWestern Asia, in theMiddle East, at the easternshore of theMediterranean)

      Declension

      [edit]

      Indeclinable noun orthird-declension noun, singular only.

      singular
      nominativeIsrāēl
      genitiveIsrāēl
      Isrāēlis
      dativeIsrāēl
      Isrāēlī
      accusativeIsrāēl
      Isrāēlem
      ablativeIsrāēl
      Isrāēle
      vocativeIsrāēl

      Derived terms

      [edit]

      Descendants

      [edit]
      Descendants

      References

      [edit]
      1. ^Souter, Alexander (1949) “Istrahēl”, inA Glossary of Later Latin to 600 A.D.[1], 1st edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press, published1957, page222

      Norwegian Bokmål

      [edit]
      NorwegianWikipedia has an article on:
      Wikipediano

      Proper noun

      [edit]

      Israel

      1. Israel (a country inWestern Asia, in theMiddle East, at the easternshore of theMediterranean)

      Derived terms

      [edit]

      Related terms

      [edit]

      Norwegian Nynorsk

      [edit]
      Norwegian NynorskWikipedia has an article on:
      Wikipediann

      Proper noun

      [edit]

      Israel

      1. Israel (a country inWestern Asia, in theMiddle East, at the easternshore of theMediterranean)

      Derived terms

      [edit]

      Related terms

      [edit]

      Old Galician-Portuguese

      [edit]

      Alternative forms

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      Etymology

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        Learned borrowing fromEcclesiastical LatinIsrael, borrowed fromKoine GreekἸσρᾱήλ(Isrāḗl), borrowed fromBiblical Hebrewיִשְׂרָאֵל.

        Proper noun

        [edit]

        Israel m

        1. (biblical)Israel (A Biblical region ofWestern Asia roughlycoextensive with the modernState of Israel, known in the Bible as theLand of Israel and considered the ancestral homeland of theJewish people)
        2. (biblical)Israel(another name for Jacob)

        Descendants

        [edit]
        • Galician:Israel
        • Portuguese:Israel (see there for further descendants)

        References

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        • Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (20062018) “[ijys?r+ael]”, inCorpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela:Instituto da Lingua Galega

        Plautdietsch

        [edit]

        Noun

        [edit]

        Israel n

        1. Israel (a country inWestern Asia, in theMiddle East, at the easternshore of theMediterranean)

        Portuguese

        [edit]
        PortugueseWikipedia has an article on:
        Wikipediapt

        Etymology

        [edit]

          Inherited fromOld Galician-PortugueseIsrael, borrowed fromEcclesiastical LatinIsrael, borrowed fromKoine GreekἸσρᾱήλ(Isrāḗl), borrowed fromBiblical Hebrewיִשְׂרָאֵל.

          Pronunciation

          [edit]
           
           

          • Rhymes:(Portugal)-ɛl,(Brazil)-ɛw
          • Hyphenation:Is‧ra‧el

          Proper noun

          [edit]

          Israel m (pluralIsraéis)

          1. Israel (a country inWestern Asia, in theMiddle East, at the easternshore of theMediterranean; official name:Estado de Israel)
          2. (biblical)Israel (A Biblical region ofWestern Asia roughlycoextensive with the modernState of Israel, known in the Bible as theLand of Israel and considered the ancestral homeland of theJewish people)
          3. a malegiven name, equivalent to EnglishIsrael

          Usage notes

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          Israel is never indicated by an article; see usage notes forPortugal.

          Coordinate terms

          [edit]
          countries in Asia:países daÁsia (appendix)edit

          Derived terms

          [edit]

          Descendants

          [edit]

          Romanian

          [edit]
          RomanianWikipedia has an article on:
          Wikipediaro

          Etymology

          [edit]

          Borrowed fromHebrewישראל.

          Pronunciation

          [edit]

          Proper noun

          [edit]

          Israel n

          1. Israel (a country inWestern Asia, in theMiddle East, at the easternshore of theMediterranean)

          Declension

          [edit]
          Declension ofIsrael
          singular onlyindefinitedefinite
          nominative-accusativeIsraelIsraelul
          genitive-dativeIsraelIsraelului
          vocativeIsraelule

          Spanish

          [edit]
          SpanishWikipedia has an article on:
          Wikipediaes

          Pronunciation

          [edit]
          • IPA(key): /israˈel/[iz.raˈel]
          • Audio(Spain):(file)
          • Rhymes:-el
          • Syllabification:Is‧ra‧el ~ [is.r̥a'el]

          Proper noun

          [edit]

          Israel m

          1. Israel (a country inWestern Asia, in theMiddle East, at the easternshore of theMediterranean)
          2. Jacob
            • 1602,Casiodoro de Reina,La Santa Biblia, rev.,Genesis 32:28
              Y él dijo: No se dirá más tu nombre Jacob, sinoIsrael: porque has peleado con Dios y con los hombres, y has vencido.
              And he said, Thy name shall be called no more Jacob, butIsrael: for as a prince hast thou power with God and with men, and hast prevailed.
              (KJV)
          3. a malegiven name from Hebrew, equivalent to EnglishIsrael

          Derived terms

          [edit]

          Related terms

          [edit]

          Anagrams

          [edit]

          Swedish

          [edit]
          SwedishWikipedia has an article on:
          Wikipediasv

          Pronunciation

          [edit]
          • IPA(key): /²iːsˌrɛːl/
          • Audio:(file)
          • Hyphenation:Is‧rael

          Proper noun

          [edit]

          Israel n (genitiveIsraels)

          1. Israel (a country inWestern Asia, in theMiddle East, at the easternshore of theMediterranean)

          Related terms

          [edit]

          References

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          Tagalog

          [edit]

          Etymology

          [edit]

          Borrowed fromSpanishIsrael(Israel), fromLatinIsrael, fromAncient GreekἸσραήλ(Israḗl), fromHebrewיִשְׂרָאֵל(yisra'él,Israel).

          Pronunciation

          [edit]

          Proper noun

          [edit]

          Israél (Baybayin spellingᜁᜐ᜔ᜇᜁᜎ᜔)

          1. Israel (a country inWestern Asia, in theMiddle East, at the easternshore of theMediterranean)
          2. (biblical)Israel (A Biblical region ofWestern Asia roughlycoextensive with the modernState of Israel, known in the Bible as theLand of Israel and considered the ancestral homeland of theJewish people)
          3. a malegiven name, equivalent to EnglishIsrael

          Coordinate terms

          [edit]
          countries in Asia (Latin script):mgabansa saAsya (appendix)edit

          Related terms

          [edit]

          Further reading

          [edit]
          • Israel”, inPambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila,2018

          Welsh

          [edit]
          WelshWikipedia has an article on:
          Wikipediacy

          Etymology

          [edit]

          LatinIsrael, fromKoine GreekἸσρᾱήλ(Isrāḗl), fromBiblical Hebrewיִשְׂרָאֵל(Yiśrāʾēl).

          Pronunciation

          [edit]

          Proper noun

          [edit]

          Israel f

          1. Israel (a country inWestern Asia, in theMiddle East, at the easternshore of theMediterranean)

          Coordinate terms

          [edit]
          countries in Asia:gwledyddAsia (appendix)edit

          Derived terms

          [edit]

          Mutation

          [edit]
          Mutated forms ofIsrael
          radicalsoftnasalh-prothesis
          IsraelunchangedunchangedHisrael

          Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
          All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

          Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Israel&oldid=84301856"
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