FromProto-Finnic*-nut.
-nut (front vowel harmony variant-nyt,linguistic notation-nUt)
- Used to form past active participle forms of verbs.
Sadat sukset tehneenä tiedän, mistä puhun.- Having made one hundred pairs of skis I know what I'm talking about.
Sentehneenä henkilönä hänen pitäisi tietää.- As the personwho made it, s/he should know.
- Used to form past indicative connegative forms of verbs.
En ole tehnyt mitään.- I havedone nothing.
- (past active participle): Some inflected forms have specific uses:
- genitive singular: used with verbs of reporting or observing to refer to someone having done an action according to that report or observation.
Hänen sanotaantehneen sen.- They[singular] were said tohave done it.
- When attached to consonant stems, the preceding consonant may either
- if it is-l-,-r- or-s-, assimilate the-n-, as happens with verbs in the conjugation classesrohkaista (66),tulla (67),juosta (70) as well as the irregular verbsolla andseistä,
- or, if it is-t-, it will instead be assimilated, resulting in an ending-nnut, as happens with verbs in the conjugation classesvalita (69),vanheta (72),salata (73),katketa (74) andselvitä (75).
- An alternative analysis is that this ending has the variants-ut and-nnut, and which ending is used depends on the verb's conjugation.-nut is used with the verbs that end in a long (doubled)-a / -ä, diphthong or in-da / -dä, i.e. the verbs of the following conjugation classes:
| Inflection of-nut (Kotus type 47/kuollut, no gradation) |
|---|
| nominative | -nut | -neet |
|---|
| genitive | -neen | -neiden
-neitten |
|---|
| partitive | -nutta | -neita |
|---|
| illative | -neeseen | -neisiin
-neihin |
|---|
| singular | plural |
|---|
| nominative | -nut | -neet |
|---|
| accusative | nom. | -nut | -neet |
|---|
| gen. | -neen |
|---|
| genitive | -neen | -neiden
-neitten |
|---|
| partitive | -nutta | -neita |
|---|
| inessive | -neessa | -neissa |
|---|
| elative | -neesta | -neista |
|---|
| illative | -neeseen | -neisiin
-neihin |
|---|
| adessive | -neella | -neilla |
|---|
| ablative | -neelta | -neilta |
|---|
| allative | -neelle | -neille |
|---|
| essive | -neena | -neina |
|---|
| translative | -neeksi | -neiksi |
|---|
| abessive | -neetta | -neitta |
|---|
| instructive | — | -nein |
|---|
| comitative | — | -neine |
|---|
| Possessive forms of-nut(Kotus type 47/kuollut, no gradation) |
|---|
| Rare. Only used withsubstantive adjectives. |
| first-person singular possessor |
|---|
| singular | plural |
|---|
| nominative | -neeni | -neeni |
|---|
| accusative | nom. | -neeni | -neeni |
|---|
| gen. | -neeni |
|---|
| genitive | -neeni | -neideni
-neitteni |
|---|
| partitive | -nuttani | -neitani |
|---|
| inessive | -neessani | -neissani |
|---|
| elative | -neestani | -neistani |
|---|
| illative | -neeseeni | -neisiini
-neihini |
|---|
| adessive | -neellani | -neillani |
|---|
| ablative | -neeltani | -neiltani |
|---|
| allative | -neelleni | -neilleni |
|---|
| essive | -neenani | -neinani |
|---|
| translative | -neekseni | -neikseni |
|---|
| abessive | -neettani | -neittani |
|---|
| instructive | — | — |
|---|
| comitative | — | -neineni |
|---|
| second-person singular possessor |
|---|
| singular | plural |
|---|
| nominative | -neesi | -neesi |
|---|
| accusative | nom. | -neesi | -neesi |
|---|
| gen. | -neesi |
|---|
| genitive | -neesi | -neidesi
-neittesi |
|---|
| partitive | -nuttasi | -neitasi |
|---|
| inessive | -neessasi | -neissasi |
|---|
| elative | -neestasi | -neistasi |
|---|
| illative | -neeseesi | -neisiisi
-neihisi |
|---|
| adessive | -neellasi | -neillasi |
|---|
| ablative | -neeltasi | -neiltasi |
|---|
| allative | -neellesi | -neillesi |
|---|
| essive | -neenasi | -neinasi |
|---|
| translative | -neeksesi | -neiksesi |
|---|
| abessive | -neettasi | -neittasi |
|---|
| instructive | — | — |
|---|
| comitative | — | -neinesi |
|---|
| first-person plural possessor |
|---|
| singular | plural |
|---|
| nominative | -neemme | -neemme |
|---|
| accusative | nom. | -neemme | -neemme |
|---|
| gen. | -neemme |
|---|
| genitive | -neemme | -neidemme
-neittemme |
|---|
| partitive | -nuttamme | -neitamme |
|---|
| inessive | -neessamme | -neissamme |
|---|
| elative | -neestamme | -neistamme |
|---|
| illative | -neeseemme | -neisiimme
-neihimme |
|---|
| adessive | -neellamme | -neillamme |
|---|
| ablative | -neeltamme | -neiltamme |
|---|
| allative | -neellemme | -neillemme |
|---|
| essive | -neenamme | -neinamme |
|---|
| translative | -neeksemme | -neiksemme |
|---|
| abessive | -neettamme | -neittamme |
|---|
| instructive | — | — |
|---|
| comitative | — | -neinemme |
|---|
| second-person plural possessor |
|---|
| singular | plural |
|---|
| nominative | -neenne | -neenne |
|---|
| accusative | nom. | -neenne | -neenne |
|---|
| gen. | -neenne |
|---|
| genitive | -neenne | -neidenne
-neittenne |
|---|
| partitive | -nuttanne | -neitanne |
|---|
| inessive | -neessanne | -neissanne |
|---|
| elative | -neestanne | -neistanne |
|---|
| illative | -neeseenne | -neisiinne
-neihinne |
|---|
| adessive | -neellanne | -neillanne |
|---|
| ablative | -neeltanne | -neiltanne |
|---|
| allative | -neellenne | -neillenne |
|---|
| essive | -neenanne | -neinanne |
|---|
| translative | -neeksenne | -neiksenne |
|---|
| abessive | -neettanne | -neittanne |
|---|
| instructive | — | — |
|---|
| comitative | — | -neinenne |
|---|
| third-person possessor |
|---|
| singular | plural |
|---|
| nominative | -neensa | -neensa |
|---|
| accusative | nom. | -neensa | -neensa |
|---|
| gen. | -neensa |
|---|
| genitive | -neensa | -neidensa
-neittensa |
|---|
| partitive | -nuttaan
-nuttansa | -neitaan
-neitansa |
|---|
| inessive | -neessaan
-neessansa | -neissaan
-neissansa |
|---|
| elative | -neestaan
-neestansa | -neistaan
-neistansa |
|---|
| illative | -neeseensa | -neisiinsa
-neihinsa |
|---|
| adessive | -neellaan
-neellansa | -neillaan
-neillansa |
|---|
| ablative | -neeltaan
-neeltansa | -neiltaan
-neiltansa |
|---|
| allative | -neelleen
-neellensa | -neilleen
-neillensa |
|---|
| essive | -neenaan
-neenansa | -neinaan
-neinansa |
|---|
| translative | -neekseen
-neeksensa | -neikseen
-neiksensa |
|---|
| abessive | -neettaan
-neettansa | -neittaan
-neittansa |
|---|
| instructive | — | — |
|---|
| comitative | — | -neineen
-neinensa |
|---|
|
-nut (front vowel variant-nyt)
- alternative form of-nt
- After the consonants-l,-r,-s the initial-n- of the suffix is assimilated:
- ol- + -nut → ollut
- pur- + -nut → purrut
