-h
- Marks thebenefactive case: for ...'sbenefit
- Marks theallative case:towards
- Marks theprolative case:by way of
- Marks theinstrumental case:using;with
- Marks theadessive case:on;on top of
- Marks thetemporal case:during;on
- Marks thecausal case:because of
- Marks theestimative case: ofabout
- Marks theassertive mood:really
- (+én orgeytimé)Marks theverbal noun
- Used after thegenitive case of nouns ending on a vowel, before words beginning with a vowel
- Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015)L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)[1], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis), page357
-h
- Used to form theplural ofabsolutivenoun forms.
- Examples:
- cōconeh, plural form ofconētl(“child”)
- māmazah, plural form ofmazātl(“deer”)
- tēteoh, plural form ofteōtl(“god”)
Some nouns pluralized with-h undergo thereduplication of their first or second syllable.
-h
- Forms the plural of verbs. Only used for animate subjects.
- titītza(“to stretch something”) →quititītzah(“They stretch it”)
- itta(“to see something”) →quittah(“They see it”)
- tolīnia(“to bother someone, to make suffer”) →ammotolīniah(“You (plrl.) suffer, You are bothered”)
- titītza(“to stretch something”) →motitītzah(“They stretch (themselves)”)
- itta(“to see something”) →tiquittah(“We see it”)
- pāca(“to wash something”) →tlapācah(“They wash something, they wash things”)
(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)
-h
- Used to mark the possession of the third person;his,her,their
- jalka(“leg”) →jalkah(“his/her leg, their legs”)
CategoryKarelian terms suffixed with -h not found
- P. M. Zaykov (1999)Грамматика Карельского языка (фонетика и морфология) [Grammar of the Karelian language (phonetics and morphology)],→ISBN, page47
-h m
- Alternative form of-u(“him, it”), used after a vowel
- qatlu(“they killed”) + -h → qatluh(“they killed him”)
