• IPA^(key):/əl/,/l̩/

FromMiddle English-el, fromOld English-el, fromProto-Germanic*-ilaz.

• -le,-al

-el

2. Suffix forming nouns, originally denoting an instrument, from verbs, usually spelt-le except aftern ande.

   runnel,shovel,dotel

4. Diminutive suffix in words of Germanic origin.

   hatchel,hovel,gomeral

FromMiddle English-el, a merger of two suffixes:

• Old English-el(diminutive suffix)
• Old French-el(diminutive suffix), fromLatin-ellus

-el

1. Suffix, originally diminutive, in words of mostly Romance origin.

   cupel,chapel,tunnel

• -le,LE,Le,LαE,le

-el

1. Used on verbs, together with the prefixk-, to indicate that the first person singular (I) is the actor and the second person singular (you) is the object of the verb.

   n'kezalmô

   I love

   k'kezalmel

   I love you (singular)

The suffix is spelled-ol by some writers.

• -elba

Cf.French-el (e.g.sexuel,individuel,industriel)

-el

1. To make an adjective of a noun;-al

   ‎broad(“nation”) + ‎-el → ‎broadel(“national”)

Likely borrowed fromEnglish-al.

-el

1. Forming adjectives from nouns:-al

   ‎elven(“element”) + ‎-el → ‎elvennel(“elemental”)

   ‎breus(“judgement”) + ‎-el → ‎breusel(“critical”)

Inherited fromOld Czech-el, fromProto-Slavic*-ьlъ,*-ъlъ. This suffix should be etymologically masculine. In the Old Czech, it was and the similar feminine suffix was-ěl, but these two suffixes have merged into one today. See e.g. Old Czechkúpěl –>koupel (instead of expectedkoupěl).

• IPA^(key):[ ɛl]

-el m anim orm inan orf (noun-forming suffix)

1. forms nouns

   ‎koza + ‎-el → ‎kozel

   ‎pleva + ‎-el → ‎plevel

   ‎koupat + ‎-el → ‎koupel

masculine animate (hard)

masculine inanimate (hard or soft)

feminine (soft)

• -el inSlovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017

FromFrench-el, fromLatin-ālis.

• IPA^(key):/el/,[ˈɛlˀ]

-el

1. -al

   Synonym:-al

(Adjectives)

(Neuter nouns)

• “-el” inDen Danske Ordbog

FromOld Dutch*-el, fromProto-West Germanic*-il, fromProto-Germanic*-ilaz.Thisetymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term. probably more than one etymology involved

• IPA^(key):/əl/

-el (unproductive)

2. forms diminutive nouns

   ‎koren + ‎-el → ‎korrel

4. forms noun denoting an instrument

   Synonym:-er

   ‎sluiten + ‎-el → ‎sleutel

• Audio:

  (file)

-el

1. in [...] way

   -el is the ending for correlatives of manner or degree

-el f

1. postpositive form ofel

Inherited fromOld French-el, fromLatin-ālis.Doublet of-al.

• IPA^(key):/ɛl/

• Audio:

  (file)

-el (feminine-elle,masculine plural-els,feminine plural-elles)

1. forms adjectives from nouns:-al

• → Danish:-el
• → Dutch:-eel
  • Afrikaans:-eel
  • → Indonesian:-il
• → German:-ell
• → Norwegian Bokmål:-ell
• → Norwegian Nynorsk:-ell
• → Swedish:-ell
• → Turkish:-sel
• → Yiddish:־על(-el)

• -al

FromMiddle High German-el, fromOld High German-il, direct descendant ofProto-West Germanic*-il, fromProto-Germanic*-ilaz, or from dialectal variants of-lein, which as well ultimately go back to*-ilaz or to*-ilingaz.

• IPA^(key):/əl/

• Audio:

  (file)

-el n

1. suffix in diminutives(regional)

   ‎Kind(“child”) + ‎-el → ‎Kindel(“little child, darling”)

   ‎Haus(“house”) + ‎-el → ‎Häusel(“little house”)

2. suffix in nouns indicating appurtenance

   ‎Arm(“arm”) + ‎-el → ‎Ärmel(“sleeve”)

   ‎Eiche(“oak”) + ‎-el → ‎Eichel(“acorn”)

3. suffix in agent and instrumental nouns

   Büttel,Meißel,Weisel

• “-el” inDigitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

From-e- +‎-l.

• IPA^(key):[ɛl]
• Rhymes:-ɛl

-el

2. (personal suffix)Forms the second-person singular present tense of verbs ending ins, sz, z, dz (indicative mood, indefinite conjugation).

   ‎keres(“to seek”) + ‎-el → ‎keresel(“you seek, you are seeking”)

4. (verb-forming suffix)Added to anoun to form averb.

   ‎ebéd(“lunch”) + ‎-el → ‎ebédel(“to eat lunch”)

6. (noun-forming suffix)Added to averb to form anoun. No longer productive in this role.

   ‎lep(“to cover”) + ‎-el → ‎lepel(“wrap”)

• (personal suffix) Variants:

  -sz added to verbs not in the categories listed below

  ‎vár(“to wait”) + ‎-sz → ‎vársz(“you wait, you are waiting”)

  -asz added to back-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or-ít

  ‎hall(“to hear”) + ‎-asz → ‎hallasz(“you hear, you are hearing”)

  ‎tanít(“to teach”) + ‎-asz → ‎tanítasz(“you teach, you are teaching”)

  -esz added to front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or-ít

  ‎dönt(“to decide”) + ‎-esz → ‎döntesz(“you decide, you are deciding”)

  ‎segít(“to help”) + ‎-esz → ‎segítesz(“you help, you are helping”)

  -ol added to back-vowel verbs ending ins, sz, z, dz

  ‎olvas(“to read”) + ‎-ol → ‎olvasol(“you read, you are reading”)

  -el added to unrounded front-vowel verbs ending ins, sz, z, dz

  ‎vesz(“to buy”) + ‎-el → ‎veszel(“you buy, you are buying”)

  -öl added to rounded front-vowel verbs ending ins, sz, z, dz

  ‎főz(“to cook”) + ‎-öl → ‎főzöl(“you cook, you are cooking”)

• (verb-forming suffix) Variants:

  -l is added to words ending in a vowel. Final-a changes to-á-. Final-e changes to-é-. Final long vowels may shorten, e.g.ű →ü.

  -ol is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant

  -al is added toother back-vowel words ending in a consonant

  -el is added to unrounded (andsome rounded) front-vowel words ending in a consonant

  -öl is added to most rounded front-vowel words ending in a consonant

  -ál is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant

Note: Certain words take another, synonymous suffix,-z/-oz/-az/-ez/-öz/-áz or-zik/-ozik/-azik/-ezik/-özik.

• (noun-forming suffix) Variants:

  -al is added to back-vowel words

  -el is added to front-vowel words

• Category:Hungarian verb forms
• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

FromMiddle Low German-el, fromOld Saxon-il, fromProto-Germanic*-ilaz.

-el m

1. Suffix forming nouns originally denoting an agent from verbs.

   Lepel,Snavel,Stickel

FromMiddle Low German-ling. Result of resegmentation of nouns with-el and-ing suffixes. See the English suffix-ling. Akin to English, Dutch and German-ling.

-el m

1. A suffix that describes a male person (or other creature) in terms of a place of origin or a quality, as defined by the root to which it is added. Now often replaced by a compound withJung for a male person, andDeern for a female person such asLehrjung,Lehrdeern (male/female pupil).

• Bückel
• Stickel

FromOld English-el,-ol, fromProto-West Germanic*-ul, fromProto-Germanic*-ulaz.

• -le

• IPA^(key):/-əl/

-el

1. Forms adjectives meaning "tending to" or "able to" from verbs.

• English:-le
• Scots:-le

• “-el,suf.(2).”, inMED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.:University of Michigan,2007.

FromOld English-el,-ol, fromProto-West Germanic*-il, fromProto-Germanic*-ilaz.

• -ell,-il,-ill,-le,-ul,-yl,-yll,-ylle

• IPA^(key):/-əl/

-el

1. Forms diminutives from verbs or other nouns.
2. Forms agent nouns from verbs or other nouns.

• English:-le,-el
• Scots:-le,-el

• “-el,suf.(1).”, inMED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.:University of Michigan,2007.

FromOld French-el,-ele, fromLatin-ālis and-ellus,-ella.

• -ele,-ell,-elle,-eylle,-le,-yll,-ylle

• IPA^(key):/-ˈɛːl(ə)/,/-ɛl(ə)/

-el

1. Forms diminutives from verbs or other nouns.

• English:-el,-le

-el

1. alternative form of-al

-el

1. alternative form of-elen

FromOld French-el, fromLatin-ālis.

-el

1. makes an adjectival form of a noun;-al

Inherited fromProto-Slavic*-ьlъ,*-ъlъ.

-el m pers orm animal orm inan (noun-forming suffix)

1. forms nouns

   ‎koza + ‎-el → ‎kozel

   ‎s- +viezti + ‎-el → ‎sviezel

• Czech:-el

• IPA^(key):/el/

FromProto-Germanic*-a-l-.

-el

1. alternative form of-ol

FromProto-Germanic*-ilaz.

• -il

-el

1. (causes i-mutation) agent and instrumental suffix creating nouns from verbs

   ‎crēopan(“to creep”) + ‎-el → ‎crypel(“cripple”)

   ‎bēodan(“to command”) + ‎-el → ‎bydel(“herald, messenger”)

   ‎spittan(“to dig”) + ‎-el → ‎spitel(“shovel”)

   ‎hladan(“to lade”) + ‎-el → ‎hlædel(“ladle”)

   ‎þrēapian(“to reprove, reprehend”) + ‎-el → ‎þrīpel(“instrument of punishment, cross”)

• Middle English:-el
  • English:-le,-el
  • Scots:-le,-el

• IPA^(key):/ˈɛl/

Inherited fromLatin-ālis, fromProto-Italic*-ālis.

-el

1. used to form anadjective

• French:-el
  • → Danish:-el
  • → Dutch:-eel
    • Afrikaans:-eel
    • → Indonesian:-il
  • → German:-ell
  • → Norwegian Bokmål:-ell
  • → Norwegian Nynorsk:-ell
  • → Swedish:-ell
  • → Turkish:-sel
  • → Yiddish:־על(-el)

FromLatin-ellus.

-el

1. used to form adiminutive

• Angevin:-iau
• Bourbonnais-Berrichon:-iau
• Bourguignon:-eâ
• Champenois:-é,-iau
• Franc-Comtois:-é,-ia
• French:-eau
• Gallo:-ë,-iao
• Lorrain:-é
• Norman:-é,iaô
• Picard:-iau,-ieu
• Poitevin-Saintongeais:-ea
• Walloon:-ea
• → Middle English:-el,-ele,-ell,-elle,-eylle,-le,-yll,-ylle
  • English:-el,-le

Inherited fromProto-Slavic*-ělъ.

• IPA^(key):/ɛl/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes:-ɛl
• Syllabification:[please specify syllabification manually]

-el m

1. formsmasculineagent nouns

   ‎śmierdzieć + ‎-el → ‎śmierdziel

Masculine personal:

Masculine animate:

Masculine inanimate:

• -el in Polish dictionaries at PWN

-el

1. Forms the third-person singular present indicative of consonantal oikoclitic verbs

Inherited fromLatin-ellus.

• IPA^(key):/el/

-el m (plural-ei,feminine-ea,feminine plural-ele)

1. used to form a masculinediminutive of a word (e.g.‎băiat(“boy”) + ‎-el → ‎băiețel(“little boy”)

   Synonyms:-uș,-aș,-uț,-șor

• -ea

• IPA^(key):/ɛl/

A variation of-il(derives deverbals and denominals), fromProto-Turkic*-il orProto-Turkic*-gil. Both variants are likely merged with homophonic-il(derives adjectives for onomatopoeia and colors).
Seeşırıltı(onomatopoeia for flowing water),kızıl(“red”) andyeşil(“green”).
For words from using the same suffix, seegüzel(“beautiful”),tombul(“chubby”),tükel(“complete, perfect”),kutsal(“holy, sacred”),çatal(“fork”) andçakıl(“gravel”).
Perhaps influenced by French-al, whence-sel as ingöksel orişitsel but notkutsal.^[1]

-el

1. Derives adjectives from nouns and verbs.

   özel(“private, special”) fromöz(“self”)