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獅子

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:狮子

Chinese

[edit]

	lion	child; son; (noun suffix) child; son; (noun suffix); small thing; seed; egg; 1stearthly branch; 11 p.m.–1 a.m., midnight
trad.(獅子)	獅	子
simp.(狮子)	狮	子
alternative forms	師子／师子

Wikipedia has articles on:

獅子(Written Standard Chinese^?)
Sai-á-hiong(Southern Min)

Etymology

[edit]

See獅／狮 (shī).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin):shīzi
(Zhuyin):ㄕ ˙ㄗ
(Chengdu,Sichuanese Pinyin):si¹ zi³
(Dungan,Cyrillic andWiktionary):сызы (sɨzɨ, I-I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong,Jyutping):si¹ zi²
(Taishan,Wiktionary):lhu¹ du²
Gan(Wiktionary):si¹ zi
Jin(Wiktionary):si¹ zeh
Northern Min(KCR):sú-cǔ
Southern Min(Hokkien,POJ):sai-chú
Wu(Northern,Wugniu):¹sy-tsy /¹sy-tsy₃
Xiang
(Changsha,Wiktionary):sr¹ zr
(Hengyang,Wiktionary):sr¹ zr

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin:shīzi
  - Zhuyin:ㄕ ˙ㄗ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:shihzi̊h
  - Wade–Giles:shih¹-tzŭ⁵
  - Yale:shr̄-dz
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:shy.tzy
  - Palladius:шицзы(šiczy)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    獅子 /狮子
    蝨子 /虱子
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin:si¹ zi³
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz:sz
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/sz̩⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵³/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic andWiktionary:сызы (sɨzɨ, I-I)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/sz̩²⁴ t͡sz̩²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping:si¹ zi²
  - Yale:sī jí
  - Cantonese Pinyin:si¹ dzi²
  - Guangdong Romanization:xi¹ ji²
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/siː⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/
- (Taishanese,Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary:lhu¹ du²
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ɬu³³ tu⁵⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary:si¹ zi
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/sz̩⁴² t͡sz̩²/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary:si¹ zeh
  - SinologicalIPA (old-style):/sz̩¹¹ t͡səʔ²/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized:sú-cǔ
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/su⁵⁴ t͡su²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien:GeneralTaiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:sai-chú
  - Tâi-lô:sai-tsú
  - Phofsit Daibuun:saizuo
  - IPA (Taipei):/sai⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung):/sai⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹/
Wu
- (Northern:Shanghai)
  - Wugniu:¹sy-tsy
  - MiniDict:sy^平 tsy
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai):¹sr-tsr
  - SinologicalIPA (Shanghai):/sz̩⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/
- (Northern:Suzhou)
  - Wugniu:¹sy-tsy₃
  - MiniDict:sy^平 tsy^上
  - SinologicalIPA (Suzhou):/sz̩⁴⁴ t͡sz̩/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary:sr¹ zr
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/sz̩³³ t͡sz̩³/
- (Hengyang)
  - Wiktionary:sr¹ zr
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/sz̩⁴⁴⁵ t͡sz̩³/

[Show/Hide]
^edit ^edit 獅子 /狮子蝨子 /虱子

Middle Chinese:srij tsiX

Rime
Character	獅	子
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	生 (21)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	脂 (17)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	疏夷切	即里切
Baxter	srij	tsiX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʃˠiɪ/	/t͡sɨ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ʃᵚi/	/t͡sɨ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ʃiɪ/	/t͡sie^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʂji/	/t͡sɨ^X/
Li Rong	/ʃji/	/t͡siə^X/
Wang Li	/ʃi/	/t͡sĭə^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʂi/	/t͡si^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shī	zǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	si¹	zi²

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang):/*sri ʔslɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	子	子
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zǐ	zǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ tsi^X ›	‹ tsi^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]əʔ/	/*tsəʔ/
English	1st earthly branch	child; gentleman, master
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	獅	子
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	11437	17857
Phonetic component	師	子
Rime group	脂	之
Rime subdivision	2	0
Corresponding MC rime	師	子
Old Chinese	/*sri/	/*ʔslɯʔ/
Notes	古作師

Noun

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獅子

lion(Classifier:隻／只mc; 頭／头m)
- 天王道：「那廂因你欲為人師，所以惹出這一窩獅子來也。」[Written Vernacular Chinese,trad.]
  天王道：「那厢因你欲为人师，所以惹出这一窝狮子来也。」[Written Vernacular Chinese,simp.]
  From:Wu Cheng'en,Journey to the West, 16^th centuryCE, translation fromThe Journey to the West (2012), byAnthony C. Yu
  Tiānwáng dào: “Nà xiāng yīn nǐ yù wéi rénshī, suǒyǐ rě chū zhè yī wōshīzǐ lái yě.”[Pinyin]
  “It’s precisely because you desired to act as someone’s teacher,” said the devarāja, “that you got into trouble with a den oflions.”
(Buddhism)Buddha;bodhisattva
獅子吼／狮子吼 ― shīzǐhǒu ― words of the Buddha
獅子座／狮子座 ― shīzǐzuò ― throne of the Buddha
(architecture)short for石獅子／石狮子 (shíshīzi, “foo dog”)
- 趕快改改風水，在門口安裝一對獅子吧。[MSC,trad.]
  赶快改改风水，在门口安装一对狮子吧。[MSC,simp.]
  From:1997,邱傑,《台灣黑白切》,page 46
  Gǎnkuài gǎigǎi fēngshuǐ, zài ménkǒu ānzhuāng yī duìshīzi ba.[Pinyin]
  Quickly change the fengshui; let's install a pair offoo dogs at the entrance.
- 一些工廠或大型店鋪，都會擺放一對大獅子，而擺放獅子的地方，未必是煞方，這時，獅子便會產生招財的力量。[MSC,trad.]
  一些工厂或大型店铺，都会摆放一对大狮子，而摆放狮子的地方，未必是煞方，这时，狮子便会产生招财的力量。[MSC,simp.]
  From:2005,菜夫子,《家居的奧秘》
  Yīxiē gōngchǎng huò dàxíng diànpù, dōu huì bǎifàng yī duì dàshīzi, ér bǎifàngshīzi de dìfang, wèibì shì shàfāng, zhèshí,shīzi biàn huì chǎnshēng zhāocái de lìliàng.[Pinyin]
  Some factories or big stores would put a pair of largefoo dogs, and where thefoo dogs are put may not beshafang. At this time,foo dogs would create the power of bringing wealth in.
- 在清代，只有身為皇家貴族或官至某高品級才可以在門口放獅子，否則只有在官衙門等「尊貴」之地才可放獅子。[MSC,trad.]
  在清代，只有身为皇家贵族或官至某高品级才可以在门口放狮子，否则只有在官衙门等「尊贵」之地才可放狮子。[MSC,simp.]
  From:2010,蔣匡文,《建築師揀樓智慧》,page 98
  Zài Qīngdài, zhǐyǒu shēnwéi huángjiā guìzú huò guān zhì mǒu gāo pǐnjí cái kěyǐ zài ménkǒu fàngshīzi, fǒuzé zhǐyǒu zài guānyá mén děng “zūnguì” zhī dì cái kě fàngshīzi.[Pinyin]
  In the Qing dynasty, only the royalty and nobility or officials of certain high ranks could putfoo dogs at their entrance, otherwisefoo dogs were only put in "honourable" places such as the entrance of a yamen.

Synonyms

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Dialectal synonyms of獅子 (“lion”)[map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		獅子,獅
Formal(Written Standard Chinese)		獅子
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	獅子
	Taiwan	獅子
	Ulanhot	獅子
	Tongliao	獅子
	Chifeng	獅子
	Hulunbuir(Hailar)	獅子
	Harbin	獅子
	Singapore	獅子
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	獅子
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai(Muping)	獅子
Central Plains Mandarin	Wanrong	獅子
	Zhengzhou	獅子
	Xi'an	獅子
	Xining	獅子
	Xuzhou	獅子
	Sokuluk(Gansu Dungan)	獅子
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	獅子
	Bayanhot	獅子
	Lanzhou	獅子
	Ürümqi	獅子
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	獅子
	Chongqing	獅子
	Wuhan	獅子
	Guiyang	獅子
	Liuzhou	獅子
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	獅子
	Yangzhou	獅子
	Hefei	獅子
Cantonese	Guangzhou	獅子
	Hong Kong	獅子
	Hong Kong(San Tin; Weitou)	獅子
	Hong Kong(Kam Tin; Weitou)	獅子
	Hong Kong(Ting Kok)	獅仔
	Hong Kong(Tung Ping Chau)	獅子
	Macau	獅子
	Guangzhou(Panyu)	獅子
	Guangzhou(Huashan, Huadu)	獅子
	Guangzhou(Conghua)	獅子
	Guangzhou(Zengcheng)	獅子
	Foshan	獅子
	Foshan(Shatou, Nanhai)	獅子
	Foshan(Shunde)	獅子
	Foshan(Sanshui)	獅子
	Foshan(Mingcheng, Gaoming)	獅子
	Zhongshan(Shiqi)	獅子
	Zhuhai(Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	獅子
	Zhuhai(Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	獅子
	Zhuhai(Doumen)	獅子
	Jiangmen(Baisha)	獅子
	Jiangmen(Xinhui)	獅子
	Taishan	獅子
	Kaiping(Chikan)	獅子
	Enping(Niujiang)	獅
	Heshan(Yayao)	獅子
	Dongguan	獅子
	Shenzhen(Shajing, Bao'an)	獅
	Yangjiang	獅子
	Danzhou	獅子
	Kuala Lumpur(Guangfu)	獅子
	Singapore(Guangfu)	獅子
	Ho Chi Minh City(Guangfu)	獅子
Gan	Nanchang	獅子
Gan	Lichuan	獅仔
Hakka	Meixian	獅仔
	Xingning	獅哩
	Huizhou(Huicheng; Bendihua)	獅
	Dongguan(Qingxi)	獅仔
	Shenzhen(Shatoujiao)	獅仔
	Zhongshan(Nanlang Heshui)	獅子
	Wuhua(Huacheng)	獅哩
	Guangzhou(Lütian, Conghua)	獅子
	Jiexi	獅
	Luhe	獅
	Yudu	獅子
	Miaoli(N. Sixian)	獅仔
	Pingtung(Neipu; S. Sixian)	獅仔
	Hsinchu County(Zhudong; Hailu)	獅仔
	Taichung(Dongshi; Dabu)	獅
	Hsinchu County(Qionglin; Raoping)	獅仔
	Yunlin(Lunbei; Zhao'an)	獅
	Hong Kong	獅子
	Senai(Huiyang)	獅子
Huizhou	Jixi	獅
Jin	Taiyuan	獅子
	Xinzhou	獅子
	Taibus(Baochang)	獅子
	Linhe	獅子
	Jining	獅子
	Hohhot	獅子
	Baotou	獅子
	Dongsheng	獅子
	Haibowan	獅子
Northern Min	Jian'ou	獅子
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	獅
Southern Min	Xiamen	獅,獅仔
	Quanzhou	獅
	Zhangzhou	獅,獅仔
	Zhao'an	獅
	Kaohsiung	獅
	Yilan	獅
	Changhua(Lukang)	獅
	Taichung	獅
	Taichung(Wuqi)	獅
	Tainan	獅
	Taitung	獅
	Hsinchu	獅
	Penghu(Magong)	獅
	Penang(Hokkien)	獅
	Singapore(Hokkien)	獅,獅仔
	Manila(Hokkien)	獅,獅仔
	Chaozhou	獅
	Shantou	獅
	Jieyang	獅
	Bangkok(Teochew)	獅
	Johor Bahru(Teochew)	獅
	Singapore(Teochew)	獅
	Wenchang	獅
	Haikou	獅
Puxian Min	Putian	獅
Puxian Min	Xianyou	獅
Central Min	Yong'an	獅子
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan(Longdu, Shaxi)	獅子
Southern Pinghua	Nanning(Tingzi)	獅子
Wu	Shanghai	獅子
	Shanghai(Chongming)	獅子
	Suzhou	獅子
	Danyang	獅子
	Hangzhou	獅子
	Ningbo	獅子
	Wenzhou	獅子
	Jinhua	獅子
Xiang	Changsha	獅子
	Shuangfeng	獅子
	Hengyang	獅子

Derived terms

[edit]

人中獅子 /人中狮子(rén zhōng shīzi)
河東獅子 /河东狮子(hédōngshīzi)
獅子口 /狮子口(Shīzikǒu)
獅子吼 /狮子吼(shīzihǒu)
獅子大開口 /狮子大开口(shīzi dà kāikǒu)
獅子山 /狮子山(Shīzǐshān)
獅子山共和國 /狮子山共和国(Shīzǐshān Gònghéguó)
獅子座 /狮子座(Shīzizuò)
獅子搏兔 /狮子搏兔
獅子狗 /狮子狗(shīzigǒu)
獅子舞 /狮子舞(shīziwǔ)
獅子頭 /狮子头(shīzitóu)
石獅子 /石狮子(shíshīzi)
雪獅子向火 /雪狮子向火

Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (獅子):

→ Japanese:獅子(しし)(shishi)
→ Korean:사자(獅子)(saja)
→ Vietnamese:sư tử(獅子)

Others:

→ Bouyei:siyzij
→ English:Shih Tzu
- → Japanese:シーズー(shīzū)
→ Zhuang:saeceij

Proper noun

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獅子

(astrology,astronomy)short for獅子座／狮子座 (Shīzizuò, “Leo”)
(～鄉)Shizi (amountain indigenous township inPingtung County,Taiwan)

Japanese

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Kanji in this term
獅	子
し Jinmeiyō	し Grade: 1
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
師子

Etymology

[edit]

FromMiddle Chinese獅子 (MC srij tsiX, literally “lion + (diminutive suffix)”)

Pronunciation

[edit]

(Tokyo)しし[shíꜜshì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key):[ɕi̥ɕi]

Noun

[edit]

獅(し)子(し)or獅子(シシ)• (shishi)

synonym ofライオン(raion,“lion”)(big catPanthera leo)
- 1999 July 5, “レオ・ウィザード [Leo Wizard]”, inBOOSTER 3,Konami:
  黒(くろ)いマントをはおった魔(ま)術(じゅつ)師(し)。正(しょう)体(たい)は言(こと)葉(ば)を話(はな)すシシ。
  Kuroi manto o haotta majutsushi. Shōtai wa kotoba o hanasushishi.
  A wizard in a black cloak who is actually a talkinglion.
- 2007 October 20,Izawa, Hiroshi withYamada, Kotaro, “最(さい)終(しゅう)話(わ)　それぞれの道(みち)へ [Final Chapter: Epilog]”, inファイアーエムブレム覇者の剣 [Fire Emblem: Sword of Champions], Jump Remix edition, volume 5 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha,→ISBN, page350:
  若(わか)き獅(し)子(し)ロイ
  WakakiShishi Roi
  Roy, YoungLion
(by extension from the notion of lions being "kings") theBuddha, aBuddha
short for獅子舞(shishimai), a traditional Chineselion dance
short for獅子頭(shishigashira), the lionmask traditionally worn for thelion dance
short for除夜の獅子(joya no shishi,“New Year's lion”), a person dressed incostume as for alion dance who goes door to doorbegging onNew Year's Eve
aguardian statue commonly found outsidetemples andshrines, often with akomainu statue, the tradition for which is said to have come over from the Korean peninsula

Usage notes

[edit]

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is oftenspelled inkatakana, especially inbiological contexts (where katakana is customary), asシシ. This term is generally not used in modern Japanese when referring to the animal; the English-derivedライオン(raion) is typically used instead.

Synonyms

[edit]

(animal):ライオン(raion)
(Buddha):仏(ほとけ)(hotoke)

獅(し)子(し)• (Shishi)

the name of thelion dance囃子(hayashi,“musical accompaniment”) in variousnoh andkabuki plays
the first piece ofmusic played in a伎楽(gigaku) performance(more commonly spelled師子)