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涂 (Kangxi radical 85,水+7, 10 strokes,cangjie input水人一木 (EOMD),four-corner38194,composition⿰氵余)
| Historical forms of the character涂 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script |
 |  |  |
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 斜 | *lja, *laː |
| 茶 | *rlaː |
| 荼 | *rlaː, *ɦlja, *l'aː |
| 梌 | *rlaː, *l̥ʰaː, *l'aː |
| 搽 | *rlaː |
| 塗 | *rlaː, *l'aː |
| 佘 | *ɦlja |
| 賒 | *hljaː |
| 畬 | *hljaː, *la |
| 舍 | *hljaːʔ, *hljaːs |
| 捨 | *hljaːʔ |
| 騇 | *hljaːʔ, *hljaːs |
| 涻 | *hljaːs |
| 稌 | *l̥ʰaː, *l̥ʰaːʔ |
| 悇 | *l̥ʰaː, *l̥ʰas, *las |
| 庩 | *l̥ʰaː |
| 捈 | *l̥ʰaː, *l'aː |
| 途 | *l'aː |
| 酴 | *l'aː |
| 駼 | *l'aː |
| 鵌 | *l'aː, *la |
| 涂 | *l'aː, *l'a |
| 嵞 | *l'aː |
| 峹 | *l'aː |
| 筡 | *l'aː, *l̥ʰa |
| 蒤 | *l'aː |
| 徐 | *lja |
| 俆 | *lja |
| 敘 | *ljaʔ |
| 漵 | *ljaʔ |
| 除 | *l'a, *l'as |
| 篨 | *rla |
| 滁 | *rla |
| 蒢 | *rla |
| 蜍 | *ɦlja, *la |
| 鵨 | *hljaː |
| 瑹 | *hlja |
| 余 | *la |
| 餘 | *la |
| 艅 | *la |
| 狳 | *la |
| 雓 | *la |
| 悆 | *las |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*l'aː, *l'a): semantic 氵(“water”) + phonetic 余(OC*la).
| For pronunciation and definitions of涂 – see塗 (“mud;shoal; todaub; tosmear; toapply; topaint; toplaster; etc.”). (This character is the simplified and variant form of塗). |
Notes:
|
| For pronunciation and definitions of涂 – see途 (“way;path;road;method;way; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of途). |
| simp. andtrad. | 涂 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 凃 𪶢 𪶅 | |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 涂 | 涂 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 澄 (11) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 魚 (22) | 模 (23) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | I |
| Fanqie | 直魚切 | 同都切 |
| Baxter | drjo | du |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɖɨʌ/ | /duo/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɖiɔ/ | /duo/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȡiɔ/ | /do/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɖɨə̆/ | /dɔ/ |
| Li Rong | /ȡiɔ/ | /do/ |
| Wang Li | /ȡĭo/ | /du/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȡʱi̯wo/ | /dʱuo/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chú | tú |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cyu4 | tou4 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 涂 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | tú |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ du › |
| Old Chinese | /*lˁa/ |
| English | path |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 涂 | 涂 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 15773 | 15789 |
| Phonetic component | 余 | 余 |
| Rime group | 魚 | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 徒 | 除 |
| Old Chinese | /*l'aː/ | /*l'a/ |
涂
This surname (涂 (tú)) is different from the surname凃 (tú) or the surname塗／涂 (tú).
{{rfdef}}.涂• (do) (hangeul도,revised do,McCune–Reischauer to,Yale to)
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