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平上去入

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Chinese

		flat; level; equal flat; level; equal; to make the same score; to tie; to draw; calm; peaceful	up; on; on top up; on; on top; upon; first; previous or last; upper; higher; above; previous; to climb; to go into; to go up	to go; to leave; to remove	to enter
trad.(平上去入)		平	上	去	入
simp.^#(平上去入)		平	上	去	入

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平上去入

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin):píngshǎngqùrù,píngshàngqùrù
(Zhuyin):ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄕㄤˇ ㄑㄩˋ ㄖㄨˋ, ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄕㄤˋ ㄑㄩˋ ㄖㄨˋ
Cantonese(Jyutping):ping⁴ soeng⁵ heoi³ jap⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard inMainland andTaiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:píngshǎngqùrù
  - Zhuyin:ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄕㄤˇ ㄑㄩˋ ㄖㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:píngshǎngcyùrù
  - Wade–Giles:pʻing²-shang³-chʻü⁴-ju⁴
  - Yale:píng-shǎng-chyù-rù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:pyngshaangchiuhruh
  - Palladius:пиншанцюйжу(pinšancjujžu)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/pʰiŋ³⁵ ʂɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰy⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐu⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:píngshàngqùrù
  - Zhuyin:ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄕㄤˋ ㄑㄩˋ ㄖㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:píngshàngcyùrù
  - Wade–Giles:pʻing²-shang⁴-chʻü⁴-ju⁴
  - Yale:píng-shàng-chyù-rù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:pyngshanqchiuhruh
  - Palladius:пиншанцюйжу(pinšancjujžu)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/pʰiŋ³⁵ ʂɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕʰy⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐu⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping:ping⁴ soeng⁵ heoi³ jap⁶
  - Yale:pìhng séuhng heui yahp
  - Cantonese Pinyin:ping⁴ soeng⁵ hoey³ jap⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization:ping⁴ sêng⁵ hêu³ yeb⁶
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/pʰɪŋ²¹ sœːŋ¹³ hɵy̯³³ jɐp̚²/

Noun

平上去入

(Chinese phonetics) thefour tones ofMiddle Chinese:level,rising,departing andchecked

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (平上去入):

→ Japanese:平上去入(ひょうじょうきょにゅう)(hyōjōkyonyū)

See also

The tones (of Chinese) in Mandarin ·聲調 /声调(shēngdiào)(layout ·text)
	平仄(píngzè)		平(píng) 平聲 /平声(píngshēng)		仄(zè) 仄聲 /仄声(zèshēng)
	平上去入(píngshǎngqùrù) 四聲 /四声(sìshēng)		平(píng) 平聲 /平声(píngshēng)		上(shǎng) 上聲 /上声(shǎngshēng)		去(qù) 去聲 /去声(qùshēng)		入(rù) 入聲 /入声(rùshēng)
標調方法 /标调方法(biāodiào fāngfǎ) 標調法 /标调法	四角標調法 /四角标调法		꜀◌		꜂◌		◌꜄		◌꜆
	[Term?]		◌〪		◌〫		◌〬		◌〭
	傍點 /傍点		∅		◌〯		◌〮		∅
	四聲八調 /四声八调		陰平 /阴平(yīnpíng)	陽平 /阳平(yángpíng)	陰上 /阴上(yīnshǎng)	陽上 /阳上(yángshǎng)	陰去 /阴去(yīnqù)	陽去 /阳去(yángqù)	陰入 /阴入(yīnrù)	陽入 /阳入(yángrù)
	陰 /阴(yīn)	陽 /阳(yáng)	陰平 /阴平(yīnpíng)	陽平 /阳平(yángpíng)	陰上 /阴上(yīnshǎng)	陽上 /阳上(yángshǎng)	陰去 /阴去(yīnqù)	陽去 /阳去(yángqù)	陰入 /阴入(yīnrù)	陽入 /阳入(yángrù)
標調方法 /标调方法(biāodiào fāngfǎ) 標調法 /标调法	四角標調法 /四角标调法		꜀◌	꜁◌	꜂◌	꜃◌	◌꜄	◌꜅	◌꜆	◌꜇

The tones (ofStandard Mandarin) in Mandarin ·聲調 /声调(shēngdiào)(layout ·text)
四聲 /四声(sìshēng)	陰平 /阴平(yīnpíng) 一聲 /一声		陽平 /阳平(yángpíng) 二聲 /二声(èrshēng)		上聲 /上声(shǎngshēng) 三聲 /三声(sānshēng)		去聲 /去声(qùshēng) 四聲 /四声(sìshēng)		輕聲 /轻声(qīngshēng)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
平	上	去	入
ひょう Grade: 3	じょう Grade: 1	きょ Grade: 3	にゅう Grade: 1
kan'yōon	goon	kan'on	goon

Etymology

FromMiddle Chinese平上去入 (píngshǎngqùrù).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo)ひょーじょーきょにゅう[hyòójóókyónyúú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ço̞ːʑo̞ːkʲo̞ɲ̟ɨː]

Noun

平(ひょう)上(じょう)去(きょ)入(にゅう)• (hyōjōkyonyū) ^{←ひやうじやうきよにふ(fyauzyaukyonifu)^?}

(Chinese phonetics) thefourtones ofMiddle Chinese:
1. 平声(hyōshō,“level tone”)
2. 上声(jōshō,“rising tone”)
3. 去声(kyoshō,“departing tone”)
4. 入声(nisshō,“checked tone”)

See also

The tones (of Chinese) in Japanese ·声調(せいちょう)(seichō)(layout ·text)
	平仄(ひょうそく)(hyōsoku)		平声(ひょうしょう)(hyōshō)		仄声(そくせい)(sokusei)
	四声(しせい)(shisei) 平上去入(ひょうじょうきょにゅう)(hyōjōkyonyū)		平声(ひょうしょう)(hyōshō)		上声(じょうしょう)(jōshō)		去声(きょしょう)(kyoshō)		入声(にっしょう)(nisshō)
[Term?]	[Term?]		꜀◌		꜂◌		◌꜄		◌꜆
	[Term?]		◌〪		◌〫		◌〬		◌〭
	[Term?]		∅		◌〯		◌〮		∅
	[Term?]		[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]
	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]
[Term?]	[Term?]		꜀◌	꜁◌	꜂◌	꜃◌	◌꜄	◌꜅	◌꜆	◌꜇

The tones (ofStandard Mandarin) in Japanese ·声調(せいちょう)(seichō)(layout ·text)
四声(しせい)(shisei)	第一声(だいいっせい)(daīssei)		第二声(だいにせい)(dainisei)		第三声(だいさんせい)(daisansei)		第四声(だいよんせい)(daiyonsei)		軽声(けいせい)(keisei)

References

^Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006),大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition,Tokyo:Sanseidō,→ISBN

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