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地獄

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:地狱

Chinese

[edit]

		earth; ground; field earth; ground; field; place; land; (subor. part. adverbial); ‑ly	prison
trad.(地獄)		地	獄
simp.(地狱)		地	狱

Wikipedia has articles on:

地獄(Written Standard Chinese^?)
Diyu(English)

Pronunciation

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Mandarin
(Pinyin):dìyù
(Zhuyin):ㄉㄧˋ ㄩˋ
Cantonese(Jyutping):dei⁶ juk⁶
Hakka(Sixian,PFS):thi-ngiu̍k
Southern Min
(Hokkien,POJ):tē-ge̍k /tōe-ge̍k /tē-ga̍k /tōe-ga̍k /tē-gio̍k
(Teochew,Peng'im):di⁷ ghêg⁸
Wu(Shanghai,Wugniu):⁶di-gnioq

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin:dìyù
  - Zhuyin:ㄉㄧˋ ㄩˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:dìyù
  - Wade–Giles:ti⁴-yü⁴
  - Yale:dì-yù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:dihyuh
  - Palladius:диюй(dijuj)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ y⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    地域
    地獄 /地狱
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping:dei⁶ juk⁶
  - Yale:deih yuhk
  - Cantonese Pinyin:dei⁶ juk⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization:déi⁶ yug⁶
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/tei̯²² jʊk̚²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl.Miaoli andNeipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:thi-ngiu̍k
  - Hakka Romanization System:ti ngiug
  - Hagfa Pinyim:ti⁴ ngiug⁶
  - SinologicalIPA:/tʰi⁵⁵ ŋi̯uk̚⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien:Xiamen,variant inTaiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:tē-ge̍k
  - Tâi-lô:tē-gi̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun:dexgek
  - IPA (Xiamen):/te²²⁻²¹ ɡiɪk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung):/te³³⁻²¹ ɡiɪk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien:variant inTaiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:tōe-ge̍k
  - Tâi-lô:tuē-gi̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun:doexgek
  - IPA (Taipei):/tue³³⁻¹¹ ɡiɪk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien:Quanzhou,Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:tē-ga̍k
  - Tâi-lô:tē-ga̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun:dexgak
  - IPA (Quanzhou):/te⁴¹⁻²² ɡak̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung):/te³³⁻²¹ ɡak̚⁴/
- (Hokkien:Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:tōe-ga̍k
  - Tâi-lô:tuē-ga̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun:doexgak
  - IPA (Taipei):/tue³³⁻¹¹ ɡak̚⁴/
- (Hokkien:Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:tē-gio̍k
  - Tâi-lô:tē-gio̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun:dexgiok
  - IPA (Zhangzhou):/te²²⁻²¹ ɡiɔk̚¹²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im:di⁷ ghêg⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like:tī ge̍k
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ti¹¹ ɡek̚⁴/
Wu
- (Northern:Shanghai)
  - Wugniu:⁶di-gnioq
  - MiniDict:di^去 nyoh
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai):³di-nyioq
  - SinologicalIPA (Shanghai):/di²² n̠ʲioʔ⁴⁴/

[Show/Hide]
^edit ^edit 地域地獄 /地狱

Middle Chinese:dijH ngjowk

Rime
Character	地	獄
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	脂 (15)	燭 (8)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	徒四切	魚欲切
Baxter	dijH	ngjowk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/diɪ^H/	/ŋɨok̚/
Pan Wuyun	/di^H/	/ŋiok̚/
Shao Rongfen	/djɪ^H/	/ŋiok̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/di^H/	/ŋuawk̚/
Li Rong	/di^H/	/ŋiok̚/
Wang Li	/di^H/	/ŋĭwok̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/dʱi^H/	/ŋi̯wok̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dì	yù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	dei⁶	juk⁶

Noun

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地獄

(religion)hell;underworld;inferno
- 地獄者，梵云那落迦，此云苦器，受苦眾生所居器物。[Classical Chinese,trad.]
  地狱者，梵云那落迦，此云苦器，受苦众生所居器物。[Classical Chinese,simp.]
  From: 阿彌陀經通贊疏
  Dìyù zhě, fàn yún nàluòjiā, cǐ yún kǔ qì, shòukǔ zhòngshēng suǒ jū qìwù.[Pinyin]
  Hells are termed in Sanskrit "naraka", meaning "receptacle of suffering". They are a receptacle in which living beings who suffer reside.
(figurative)hell on earth

Antonyms

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天堂 (tiāntáng)

Coordinate terms

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黃泉／黄泉 (huángquán)
陰間／阴间 (yīnjiān)
地府 (dìfǔ)

Derived terms

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下地獄 /下地狱
人間地獄 /人间地狱(rénjiān dìyù)
十八層地獄 /十八层地狱(shíbā céng dìyù)
叫喚地獄 /叫唤地狱(jiàohuàn dìyù)
我不入地獄，誰入地獄 /我不入地狱，谁入地狱(wǒ bù rù dìyù, shéi rù dìyù)
拔舌地獄 /拔舌地狱
活地獄 /活地狱(huódìyù)
酒食地獄 /酒食地狱
阿呼地獄 /阿呼地狱
阿鼻地獄 /阿鼻地狱(ābí dìyù)

Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (地獄):

→ Japanese:地(じ)獄(ごく)(jigoku)
→ Korean:지옥(地獄)(jiok)
→ Vietnamese:địa ngục(地獄)

Adjective

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地獄

(Internet slang,neologism, ofjokes,memes orgags) having apunchline that is built upon other'smisfortune ordisabilities, such that one would go tohell aftercomprehending the joke(seehellish gag);cursed
地獄哏／地狱哏 ― dìyùgén ― dark humor

Derived terms

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地獄哏 /地狱哏(dìyùgén)

Japanese

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Kanji in this term
地	獄
じ Grade: 2	ごく Grade: S
on'yomi

Etymology

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FromMiddle Chinese地獄(diɪᴴ ŋɨok̚), literally “(under)ground prison”). Compare modernMin Nan readingtē-gio̍k, orHakkathi-ngiu̍k.

Pronunciation

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(Tokyo)じごく[jìgókúꜜ] (Odaka – [3])^[1]^[2]^[3]
(Tokyo)じごく[jìgókú] (Heiban – [0])^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key):[d͡ʑiɡo̞kɯ̟]

Noun

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地(じ)獄(ごく)• (jigoku) ^{←ぢごく(digoku)^?}

hell
地(じ)獄(ごく)に堕(お)ちる
jigoku ni ochiru
to fall intohell; to go tohell
- 1999 March 1, “ヘルゲート・ディーグ [Hellgate Deeg]”, inBOOSTER 1,Konami:
  おなかに地(じ)獄(ごく)へ通(つう)じる扉(とびら)があり、召(しょう)還(かん)もできる不(ぶ)気(き)味(み)なモンスター。
  Onaka nijigoku e tsūjiru tobira ga ari, shōkan mo dekiru bukimi na monsutā.
  A weird monster that can summon allies through the gateway to hell on its belly.