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呵

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:訶

呵	U+5475,呵 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5475

←呴
[U+5474]

CJK Unified Ideographs

呶 →
[U+5476]

Translingual

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Kangxi Dictionary:page 183, character 2
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3459
Dae Jaweon: page 402, character 3
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 598, character 10
Unihan data for U+5475

Chinese

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simp. andtrad.		呵

Glyph origin

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Characters in the samephonetic series (可)(Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
砢	*ɡ·raːlʔ
柯	*kaːl
菏	kaːl, ɡaːl
牁	*kaːl
滒	*kaːl
哥	*kaːl
歌	*kaːl
謌	*kaːl
鴚	*kaːl
哿	*kaːlʔ
舸	*kaːlʔ
笴	kaːlʔ, kaːnʔ
軻	kʰaːl, kʰaːlʔ, *kʰaːls
珂	*kʰaːl
可	*kʰaːlʔ
岢	*kʰaːlʔ
坷	kʰaːlʔ, kʰaːls
蚵	kʰaːls, ɡaːl
呵	qʰaːl, qʰaːls
訶	*qʰaːl
抲	*qʰaːl
荷	qʰaːls, ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ
何	ɡaːl, ɡaːlʔ
河	*ɡaːl
苛	*ɡaːl
魺	*ɡaːl
袔	*ɡaːls
阿	*qaːl
妸	qaːl, qaːlʔ
疴	qaːl, kʰraːls
鈳	*qaːl
娿	qaːl, qaːlʔ
痾	*qaːl
跒	*kʰraːlʔ
閜	*qʰraːlʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*qʰaːl, *qʰaːls): semantic 口 + phonetic 可(OC*kʰaːlʔ).

Etymology

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Probably related to呼 (OC*qʰaː, “to exhale, shout”); see there for more (STEDT).

Pronunciation 1

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Mandarin
(Pinyin):hē,ō (he¹,o¹)
(Zhuyin):ㄏㄜ, ㄛ
Cantonese(Jyutping):ho¹ /ho²
Eastern Min(BUC):ŏ̤ / hŏ̤
Southern Min(Hokkien,POJ):ho /o
Wu(Shanghai,Wugniu):¹hu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:hē
  - Zhuyin:ㄏㄜ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:he
  - Wade–Giles:ho¹
  - Yale:hē
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:he
  - Palladius:хэ(xɛ)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/xɤ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese,Taiwan standard for the exclamation sense)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:ō
  - Zhuyin:ㄛ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:o
  - Wade–Giles:o¹
  - Yale:ō
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:o
  - Palladius:о(o)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ˀɔ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping:ho¹ / ho²
  - Yale:hō / hó
  - Cantonese Pinyin:ho¹ / ho²
  - Guangdong Romanization:ho¹ / ho²
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/hɔː⁵⁵/, /hɔː³⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê:ŏ̤ / hŏ̤
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/o⁵⁵/, /ho⁵⁵/

Note:

ŏ̤ - literary;
hŏ̤ - vernacular (sound of laughter).

Southern Min
- (Hokkien:Xiamen,Quanzhou,Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:ho
  - Tâi-lô:ho
  - Phofsit Daibuun:hoy
  - SinologicalIPA (Quanzhou):/ho³³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Xiamen,Zhangzhou):/ho⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien:GeneralTaiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:o
  - Tâi-lô:o
  - Phofsit Daibuun:oy
  - SinologicalIPA (Taipei):/o⁴⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Kaohsiung):/ɤ⁴⁴/

Note:

ho - literary;
o - 阿 is used in the Mainland.

Wu
- (Northern:Shanghai)
  - Wugniu:¹hu
  - MiniDict:hu^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai):¹hu
  - SinologicalIPA (Shanghai):/hu⁵³/

Middle Chinese:xa

Rime
Character	呵
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	歌 (94)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	虎何切
Baxter	xa
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hɑ/
Pan Wuyun	/hɑ/
Shao Rongfen	/xɑ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ha/
Li Rong	/xɑ/
Wang Li	/xɑ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/xɑ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hē
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ho¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart):/*qʰˤaj/
(Zhengzhang):/*qʰaːl/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	呵
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hē
Middle Chinese	‹ xa ›
Old Chinese	/*qʰˁaj/
English	scold
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	呵
Reading #	1/2
No.	7453
Phonetic component	可
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	訶
Old Chinese	/*qʰaːl/
Notes	同訶，又集韻笑、氣出，今字作哈

Definitions

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呵

alternative form of訶 /诃(hē,“toberate; toscold”)
toshout; tocry out
tocherish; totreasure; toprotect
(onomatopoeia)Sound oflaughing.
呵呵。 ― Hēhē. ― Huh.(with falling pitch)
Exclamation particle forexpressing surprise.
(dialectal) tosmoke (tobacco)

Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

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Mandarin
(Pinyin):hē (he¹)
(Zhuyin):ㄏㄜ
Cantonese(Jyutping):ho¹
Eastern Min(BUC):hĕ̤ / hŏ̤
Wu(Shanghai,Wugniu):¹hu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:hē
  - Zhuyin:ㄏㄜ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:he
  - Wade–Giles:ho¹
  - Yale:hē
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:he
  - Palladius:хэ(xɛ)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/xɤ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping:ho¹
  - Yale:hō
  - Cantonese Pinyin:ho¹
  - Guangdong Romanization:ho¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/hɔː⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê:hĕ̤ / hŏ̤
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/hœ⁵⁵/, /ho⁵⁵/

Note:

hĕ̤ - vernacular;
hŏ̤ - literary.

Wu
- (Northern:Shanghai)
  - Wugniu:¹hu
  - MiniDict:hu^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai):¹hu
  - SinologicalIPA (Shanghai):/hu⁵³/

Middle Chinese:xaH

Rime
Character	呵
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	歌 (94)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	呼箇切
Baxter	xaH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hɑ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/hɑ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/xɑ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ha^H/
Li Rong	/xɑ^H/
Wang Li	/xɑ^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/xɑ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hè
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ho³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang):/*qʰaːls/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	呵
Reading #	2/2
No.	7456
Phonetic component	可
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	呵
Old Chinese	/*qʰaːls/

Definitions

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呵

toexpel breath; toslowly breathe out

Compounds

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Pronunciation 3

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Mandarin
(Pinyin):kē (ke¹)
(Zhuyin):ㄎㄜ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:kē
  - Zhuyin:ㄎㄜ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:ke
  - Wade–Giles:kʻo¹
  - Yale:kē
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:ke
  - Palladius:кэ(kɛ)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kʰɤ⁵⁵/

Definitions

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呵

Used in transcription.

Compounds

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呵叻
呵羅單 /呵罗单(Kēluódān)

Pronunciation 4

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Mandarin
(Pinyin):hā (ha¹)
(Zhuyin):ㄏㄚ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:hā
  - Zhuyin:ㄏㄚ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:ha
  - Wade–Giles:ha¹
  - Yale:hā
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:ha
  - Palladius:ха(xa)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/xä⁵⁵/

Definitions

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呵

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese)alternative form of哈(“tobend over”)

Pronunciation 5

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Mandarin
(Pinyin):ā (a¹)
(Zhuyin):ㄚ
Cantonese(Jyutping):o¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:ā
  - Zhuyin:ㄚ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:a
  - Wade–Giles:a¹
  - Yale:ā
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:a
  - Palladius:а(a)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ˀä⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping:o¹
  - Yale:ō
  - Cantonese Pinyin:o¹
  - Guangdong Romanization:o¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ɔː⁵⁵/

Note: The zero initial/∅-/ is commonly pronounced with ang-initial/ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.

Definitions

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呵

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese)alternative form of啊(exclamationparticle)

Pronunciation 6

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Mandarin
(Pinyin):a (a⁵／a⁰)
(Zhuyin):˙ㄚ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:a
  - Zhuyin:˙ㄚ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:å
  - Wade–Giles:a⁵
  - Yale:a
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:.a
  - Palladius:а(a)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ˀä/

Definitions

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呵

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese)alternative form of啊(modal particle)
- 沉默呵，沉默呵！不在沉默中爆發，就在沉默中滅亡。[MSC,trad.]
  沉默呵，沉默呵！不在沉默中爆发，就在沉默中灭亡。[MSC,simp.]
  From:1926,Lu Xun, “In Memory of Miss Liu Hezhen”
  Chénmòa, chénmòa! Bù zài chénmò zhōng bàofā, jiù zài chénmò zhōng mièwáng.[Pinyin]
  Silence, silence! Unless we burst in this silence, we shall perish in this silence!

Pronunciation 7

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Mandarin
(Pinyin):huō (huo¹)
(Zhuyin):ㄏㄨㄛ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:huō
  - Zhuyin:ㄏㄨㄛ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:huo
  - Wade–Giles:huo¹
  - Yale:hwō
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:huo
  - Palladius:хо(xo)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/xu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

Definitions

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呵

(dialectal) tocheat; todeceive

Pronunciation 8

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Cantonese(Jyutping):ho²

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping:ho²
  - Yale:hó
  - Cantonese Pinyin:ho²
  - Guangdong Romanization:ho²
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/hɔː³⁵/

Definitions

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呵

(Cantonese)alternative form of嗬(ho²)
- 2012,鬼差,《鬼上身》, Hong Kong:超媒體出版,→ISBN,page36:
  「佢返咗入去就得喇呵？」Joey 終於忍唔住問。[Cantonese,trad.]
  「佢返咗入去就得喇呵？」Joey 终于忍唔住问。[Cantonese,simp.]
  “keoi⁵ faan¹ zo² jap⁶ heoi³ zau⁶ dak¹ laa³ho¹?” Joey zung¹ jyu¹ jan² m⁴ zyu⁶ man⁶.[Jyutping]
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 2015 August 25, “被寸唔錫老婆　謝賢節目預演摑曾江”, in東網 [on.cc]‎^[1], archived fromthe original on10 March 2025:
  曾江即示意不會再講，謝賢再說：「你唔會怪我架呵？打吓都唔會怪架呵？」隨即一巴掌打落曾江度。[Cantonese,trad.]
  曾江即示意不会再讲，谢贤再说：「你唔会怪我架呵？打吓都唔会怪架呵？」随即一巴掌打落曾江度。[Cantonese,simp.]
  zang¹ gong¹ zik¹ si⁶ ji³ bat¹ wui⁵ zoi³ gong², ze⁶ jin⁴ zoi³ syut³: “nei⁵ m⁴ wui⁵ gwaai³ ngo⁵ gaa³ho²? daa² haa⁵ dou¹ m⁴ wui⁵ gwaai³ gaa³ho²?” ceoi⁴ zik¹ jat¹ baa¹ zoeng² daa² lok⁶ zang¹ gong¹ dou⁶.[Jyutping]
  Kenneth Tsang immediately displayed a lack of willingness to continue talking, soPatrick Tse said: "You won't blame me,right? You wont't blame me if I give you a slap,right?" and immediately gave Kenneth Tsang a slap on the cheek.
- 2017,莎比亞,《一個分手要坐監嘅小島》, Hong Kong:日閲堂出版社,→ISBN,page266:
  陳經理：「第二件事係，我諗你哋應該都識對方㗎呵？Tony同Merci，我同佢哋都好熟，約咗聽晚一齊食飯，想睇吓你哋一唔一齊，傾吓偈。」[Cantonese,trad.]
  陈经理：「第二件事系，我谂你哋应该都识对方㗎呵？Tony同Merci，我同佢哋都好熟，约咗听晚一齐食饭，想睇吓你哋一唔一齐，倾吓偈。」[Cantonese,simp.]
  can⁴ ging¹ lei⁵: “dai⁶ ji⁶ gin⁶ si⁶ hai⁶, ngo⁵ nam² nei⁵ dei⁶ jing¹ goi¹ dou¹ sik¹ deoi³ fong¹ gaa³ho²? Tony tung⁴ Merci, ngo⁵ tung⁴ keoi⁵ dei⁶ dou¹ hou² suk⁶, joek³ zo² ting¹ maan^5-1 jat¹ cai⁴ sik⁶ faan⁶, soeng² tai² haa⁵ nei⁵ dei⁶ jat¹ m⁴ jat¹ cai⁴, king¹ haa⁵ gai².”[Jyutping]
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Japanese

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Kanji

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See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 呵

呵

(Hyōgai kanji)

toscold, todisapprove

Readings

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Go-on:か(ka)
Kan-on:か(ka)
Kun:しかる(shikaru,呵る)、わらう(warau,呵う)

Korean

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Hanja

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呵• (ga) (hangeul가,revised ga,McCune–Reischauer ka)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out andadd a translation, then remove the text{{rfdef}}.

Tày

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Adjective

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呵 (cà)

Nôm form ofcà(“yonder”).
鉗𱍭仍会𱐍地呵
Ghiềm ngần nhằng hỏi dú ti̱cà
The silver ring still hangingthere

Particle

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呵 (a; à)

Nôm form ofa(“alright,okay”).
𱽗好𱻊帝鍾用呵
Rầư hảo nghì đảy chung du̱nga
Whoever is righteous will be adorsed
Nôm form ofà(“Sound made during singing.”).
𫠿蘭呵菊秋
Dâng lanà cúc thu
(please add an English translation of this usage example)