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ἄλλος

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:άλλος,allos,andällös

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

αἶλος(aîlos) —Cypriot
ἄλλυ(állu) —Arcadian^[1]

Etymology

FromProto-Hellenic*áľľos, fromProto-Indo-European*h₂élyos. Cognates includeLatinalius,Old Irishaile,Old Armenianայլ(ayl),Old Englishelles (Englishelse),Albanianlloj(“sort, kind”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ál.los/ →/ˈal.los/ →/ˈa.los/

(5^thBCE Attic)IPA^(key): /ál.los/
(1^stCE Egyptian)IPA^(key): /ˈal.los/
(4^thCE Koine)IPA^(key): /ˈal.los/
(10^thCE Byzantine)IPA^(key): /ˈal.los/
(15^thCE Constantinopolitan)IPA^(key): /ˈa.los/

Adjective

ᾰ̓́λλος• (ắllos) m (feminineᾰ̓́λλη,neuterᾰ̓́λλο);first/second declension

other,another,different,else
1. (with article) the other, all others, all besides, the rest
  - 2022 May 18, Seumas Macdonald, chapter 4, inLinguae Graecae Per Se Illustrata‎^[1]:
    ἀλλὰ δὲ ποῦ ἐστιν ὁ ἀμφορεὺς ὁἄλλος. ἕνδεκα πάρεισιν, εἷς ἄπεστιν. ἆρα σὺ οἶδας.
    allà dè poû estin ho amphoreùs hoállos. héndeka páreisin, heîs ápestin. âra sù oîdas.
    But where is theother amphora? Eleven are present; one is absent. Do you know?
2. (with numerals)yet,still
3. (in lists) as well, besides, too
4. equivalent toἀλλοῖος(alloîos) of another sort than(with genitive)
(in phrases)
1. in combination withτις(tis) any other; anyone else, anything else
2. in the phraseἄλλος τε καὶ(állos te kaì) especially, most of all
3. in the phraseεἴ τις καὶ ἄλλος(eí tis kaì állos) orεἴ τι καὶ ἄλλο(eí ti kaì állo) if anyone, whoever else; if anything, whatever else
  - 430BCE – 354BCE,Xenophon,Anabasis1.5.1:
    ἐν τούτῳ δὲ τῷ τόπῳ ἦν μὲν ἡ γῆ πεδίον ἅπαν ὁμαλὲς ὥσπερ θάλαττα, ἀψινθίου δὲ πλῆρες·εἰ δέτι καὶ ἄλλο ἐνῆν ὕλης ἢ καλάμου, ἅπαντα ἦσαν εὐώδη ὥσπερ ἀρώματα.
    en toútōi dè tōî tópōi ên mèn hē gê pedíon hápan homalès hṓsper thálatta, apsinthíou dè plêres;ei déti kaì állo enên húlēs ḕ kalámou, hápanta êsan euṓdē hṓsper arṓmata.
    In this region the ground was all a plain, flat like the sea, and full of wormwood. Andwhatever other brush or reed was there, everything was fragrant like spices.

Declension

First andsecond declension ofᾰ̓́λλος;ᾰ̓́λλη;ᾰ̓́λλο (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ᾰ̓́λλος ắllos	ᾰ̓́λλη ắllē	ᾰ̓́λλο ắllo		ᾰ̓́λλω ắllō	ᾰ̓́λλᾱ ắllā	ᾰ̓́λλω ắllō		ᾰ̓́λλοι ắlloi	ᾰ̓́λλαι ắllai	ᾰ̓́λλᾰ ắllă
Genitive		ᾰ̓́λλου ắllou	ᾰ̓́λλης ắllēs	ᾰ̓́λλου ắllou		ᾰ̓́λλοιν ắlloin	ᾰ̓́λλαιν ắllain	ᾰ̓́λλοιν ắlloin		ᾰ̓́λλων ắllōn	ᾰ̓́λλων ắllōn	ᾰ̓́λλων ắllōn
Dative		ᾰ̓́λλῳ ắllōi	ᾰ̓́λλῃ ắllēi	ᾰ̓́λλῳ ắllōi		ᾰ̓́λλοιν ắlloin	ᾰ̓́λλαιν ắllain	ᾰ̓́λλοιν ắlloin		ᾰ̓́λλοις ắllois	ᾰ̓́λλαις ắllais	ᾰ̓́λλοις ắllois
Accusative		ᾰ̓́λλον ắllon	ᾰ̓́λλην ắllēn	ᾰ̓́λλο ắllo		ᾰ̓́λλω ắllō	ᾰ̓́λλᾱ ắllā	ᾰ̓́λλω ắllō		ᾰ̓́λλους ắllous	ᾰ̓́λλᾱς ắllās	ᾰ̓́λλᾰ ắllă
Vocative		ᾰ̓́λλε ắlle	ᾰ̓́λλη ắllē	ᾰ̓́λλο ắllo		ᾰ̓́λλω ắllō	ᾰ̓́λλᾱ ắllā	ᾰ̓́λλω ắllō		ᾰ̓́λλοι ắlloi	ᾰ̓́λλαι ắllai	ᾰ̓́λλᾰ ắllă
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
Derived forms		ᾰ̓́λλως ắllōs				—				—
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, seeAppendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. *ᾰ̓́λλαισῐ(ν) used in Attic drama.

First andsecond declension ofᾰ̓́λλος;ᾰ̓́λλη;ᾰ̓́λλο (Epic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ᾰ̓́λλος ắllos	ᾰ̓́λλη ắllē	ᾰ̓́λλο ắllo		ᾰ̓́λλω ắllō	ᾰ̓́λλᾱ ắllā	ᾰ̓́λλω ắllō		ᾰ̓́λλοι ắlloi	ᾰ̓́λλαι ắllai	ᾰ̓́λλᾰ ắllă
Genitive		ᾰ̓́λλοιο ᾰ̓́λλοο ᾰ̓́λλου ắlloio ắlloo ắllou	ᾰ̓́λλης ắllēs	ᾰ̓́λλοιο ᾰ̓́λλοο ᾰ̓́λλου ắlloio ắlloo ắllou		ᾰ̓́λλοιν ᾰ̓́λλοιῐ̈ν ắlloi(ĭ̈)n	ᾰ̓́λλαιν ᾰ̓́λλαιῐ̈ν ᾰ̓́λλῃῐ̈ν ắllai(ĭ̈)n ắllēiĭ̈n	ᾰ̓́λλοιν ᾰ̓́λλοιῐ̈ν ắlloi(ĭ̈)n		ᾰ̓́λλων ắllōn	ᾰ̓λλᾱ́ων ᾰ̓λλέ͜ων ᾰ̓λλῶν ăllā́ōn ăllé͜ōn ăllôn	ᾰ̓́λλων ắllōn
Dative		ᾰ̓́λλῳ ắllōi	ᾰ̓́λλῃ ắllēi	ᾰ̓́λλῳ ắllōi		ᾰ̓́λλοιν ᾰ̓́λλοιῐ̈ν ắlloi(ĭ̈)n	ᾰ̓́λλαιν ᾰ̓́λλαιῐ̈ν ᾰ̓́λλῃῐ̈ν ắllai(ĭ̈)n ắllēiĭ̈n	ᾰ̓́λλοιν ᾰ̓́λλοιῐ̈ν ắlloi(ĭ̈)n		ᾰ̓́λλοις ᾰ̓́λλοισῐ ᾰ̓́λλοισῐν ắllois ắlloisĭ(n)	ᾰ̓́λλῃσῐ ᾰ̓́λλῃσῐν ᾰ̓́λλῃς ᾰ̓́λλαις ắllēisĭ(n) ắllēis ắllais	ᾰ̓́λλοις ᾰ̓́λλοισῐ ᾰ̓́λλοισῐν ắllois ắlloisĭ(n)
Accusative		ᾰ̓́λλον ắllon	ᾰ̓́λλην ắllēn	ᾰ̓́λλο ắllo		ᾰ̓́λλω ắllō	ᾰ̓́λλᾱ ắllā	ᾰ̓́λλω ắllō		ᾰ̓́λλους ắllous	ᾰ̓́λλᾱς ắllās	ᾰ̓́λλᾰ ắllă
Vocative		ᾰ̓́λλε ắlle	ᾰ̓́λλη ắllē	ᾰ̓́λλο ắllo		ᾰ̓́λλω ắllō	ᾰ̓́λλᾱ ắllā	ᾰ̓́λλω ắllō		ᾰ̓́λλοι ắlloi	ᾰ̓́λλαι ắllai	ᾰ̓́λλᾰ ắllă
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
Derived forms		ᾰ̓́λλως ắllōs				—				—
Notes:		Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

ἀλλά(allá)
ἀλλάσσω(allássō)
ἀλλήλων(allḗlōn)
ἀλλοῖος(alloîos)
ἄλλοσε(állose)
ἄλλως(állōs)

Related terms

ἄλλῠδις(állŭdis)

See also

Ancient Greek correlatives^(edit)

type	interrogative	indefinite	demonstrative			relative	indefinite relative	identity	other
type	interrogative	indefinite	(medial)	proximal	distal	relative	indefinite relative	identity	other
basic	τίς	τις,ἔνιοι	†ὁ,οὗτος	ὅδε	ἐκεῖνος	ὅς	ὅστις	ὁ αὐτός (αὑτός),ὁμός	ἕτερος,ἄλλος
dual	πότερος	πότερος,ποτερός				ὁπότερος
quality	ποῖος	ποιός	†τοῖος,τοιοῦτος	τοιόσδε		οἷος	ὁποῖος	ὅμοιος	ἑτεροῖος,ἀλλοῖος
quantity	πόσος	ποσός	†τόσος,τοσοῦτος	τοσόσδε		ὅσος	ὁπόσος
manner	πῶς	πως	†τώς, †ὥς,οὕτως	ὧδε		ὡς	ὅπως	ὁμῶς	ἑτέρως,ἄλλως
method, path, place	πῇ	πῃ	τῇ,ταύτῃ	τῇδε	ἐκείνῃ	ᾗ	ὅπῃ		ἄλλῃ
place	ποῦ, †πόθι	που, †ποθι	ἐνταῦθα	ἐνθάδε	ἐκεῖ,ἔνθα, †ἐκεῖθι	οὗ,ἔνθα, †ὅθι	ὅπου, †ὁπόθι	αὐτόθι,ὁμοῦ	ἄλλοθι
source	πόθεν	ποθεν,ἁμόθεν	†τόθεν,ἔνθεν,ἐντεῦθεν	ἐνθένδε	ἐκεῖθεν	ὅθεν	ὁπόθεν	†ὁμόθεν	ἄλλοθεν
destination	ποῖ, †πόσε	ποι	ἔνθα,ἐνταῦθα	ἐνθάδε,δεῦρο	ἐκεῖσε	οἷ	ὅποι, †ὁπόσε	αὐτόσε,ὁμόσε	ἄλλοσε
time	πότε,πῆμος	ποτέ,ποτε,τοτέ,ἐνίοτε	τότε,τῆμος	τημόσδε		ὅτε,ἦμος	ὁπότε, †ὁππῆμος	ἅμα	ἄλλοτε
exact time	πηνίκα		†τηνίκα,τηνικαῦτα	τηνικάδε		ἡνίκα	ὁπηνίκα	αὐτίκα
duration of time			τέως			ἕως
size, age	πηλίκος	πηλίκος	†τηλίκος,τηλικοῦτος	τηλικόσδε		ἡλίκος	ὁπηλίκος	ὁμῆλιξ
repetition	ποσάκις,ποσίνδα	ποσάκις	τουτάκις,τοσάκις			†ὁσάκιςὁποσάκις	ὁποσάκις
multiplication	ποσαπλάσιος					ὁσαπλάσιος,ὁσαπλασίων
order	πόστος	ποστός					ὁπόστος
† Forms rarely or never used in Classical Attic prose Relative also used in exclamations; either relative or indefinite relative used in indirect questions.

References

^Panayotou, A. “Arcado-Cypriot.” In A History of Ancient Greek from the Beginnings to Late Antiquity, translated by Chris Markham, 417–432. 420.

“ἄλλος”, inLiddell & Scott (1940),A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“ἄλλος”, inLiddell & Scott (1889),An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
“ἄλλος”, inAutenrieth, Georg (1891),A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
ἄλλος inBailly, Anatole (1935),Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Bauer, Walter et al. (2001),A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
ἄλλος inCunliffe, Richard J. (1924),A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published1963
ἄλλος in theDiccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
“ἄλλος”, inSlater, William J. (1969),Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
G243 inStrong, James (1979),Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
Panayotou, A. “Arcado-Cypriot.” In A History of Ancient Greek from the Beginnings to Late Antiquity, translated by Chris Markham, 417–432.Woodhouse, S. C. (1910),English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[2], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- another idem, page 31.
- different idem, page 223.
- else idem, page 265.
- fresh idem, page 344.
- here idem, page 397.
- new idem, page 556.
- other idem, page 581.
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010),Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series;10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill,→ISBN

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