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خراب

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:حراب

Arabic

Root
خ ر ب(ḵ r b)
7 terms

خَرَاب

Pronunciation

IPA^(key):/xa.raːb/

Noun

خَرَاب• (ḵarāb) m

Declension

Declension of nounخَرَاب (ḵarāb)
singular	basic singulartriptote
singular	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	خَرَاب ḵarāb	الْخَرَاب al-ḵarāb	خَرَاب ḵarāb
nominative	خَرَابٌ ḵarābun	الْخَرَابُ al-ḵarābu	خَرَابُ ḵarābu
accusative	خَرَابًا ḵarāban	الْخَرَابَ al-ḵarāba	خَرَابَ ḵarāba
genitive	خَرَابٍ ḵarābin	الْخَرَابِ al-ḵarābi	خَرَابِ ḵarābi

Adjective

خَرَاب• (ḵarāb)

ruined,wrecked,destroyed

Declension

Declension of adjectiveخَرَاب (ḵarāb)
singular	masculine		feminine
	basic singulartriptote		basic singulartriptote
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
informal	خَرَاب ḵarāb	الْخَرَاب al-ḵarāb	خَرَاب ḵarāb	الْخَرَاب al-ḵarāb
nominative	خَرَابٌ ḵarābun	الْخَرَابُ al-ḵarābu	خَرَابٌ ḵarābun	الْخَرَابُ al-ḵarābu
accusative	خَرَابًا ḵarāban	الْخَرَابَ al-ḵarāba	خَرَابًا ḵarāban	الْخَرَابَ al-ḵarāba
genitive	خَرَابٍ ḵarābin	الْخَرَابِ al-ḵarābi	خَرَابٍ ḵarābin	الْخَرَابِ al-ḵarābi
dual	masculine		feminine
dual	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
informal	خَرَاب ḵarāb	الْخَرَاب al-ḵarāb	خَرَاب ḵarāb	الْخَرَاب al-ḵarāb
nominative	خَرَابٌ ḵarābun	الْخَرَابُ al-ḵarābu	خَرَابٌ ḵarābun	الْخَرَابُ al-ḵarābu
accusative	خَرَابًا ḵarāban	الْخَرَابَ al-ḵarāba	خَرَابًا ḵarāban	الْخَرَابَ al-ḵarāba
genitive	خَرَابٍ ḵarābin	الْخَرَابِ al-ḵarābi	خَرَابٍ ḵarābin	الْخَرَابِ al-ḵarābi
plural	masculine		feminine
	basicbroken plural triptote		basicbroken plural triptote
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
informal	خَرَاب ḵarāb	الْخَرَاب al-ḵarāb	خَرَاب ḵarāb	الْخَرَاب al-ḵarāb
nominative	خَرَابٌ ḵarābun	الْخَرَابُ al-ḵarābu	خَرَابٌ ḵarābun	الْخَرَابُ al-ḵarābu
accusative	خَرَابًا ḵarāban	الْخَرَابَ al-ḵarāba	خَرَابًا ḵarāban	الْخَرَابَ al-ḵarāba
genitive	خَرَابٍ ḵarābin	الْخَرَابِ al-ḵarābi	خَرَابٍ ḵarābin	الْخَرَابِ al-ḵarābi

Descendants

→ Azerbaijani:xarab
→ Indonesian:kharab
→ Northern Kurdish:xirab
→ Ottoman Turkish:خراب(harâb)
- → Armenian:խարաբ(xarab)
- → Greek:χρέπι(chrépi)
- Turkish:harap
→ Classical Persian:خَرَاب(xarāb)
- → Bengali:খারাপ(kharap)
- → Hindustani:
  - Hindi:ख़राब(xarāb),खराब(kharāb)
  - Urdu:خراب(xarāb)
- → Punjabi:ਖ਼ਰਾਬ(xarāb)
- → Northern Luri:خرۏ(xerö)

Ottoman Turkish

Alternative forms

խարապ(harab) —Armeno-Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed fromArabicخَرَاب(ḵarāb,“ruined, wrecked”).

Adjective

خراب• (harab)

ruined,desolated,devastated
Synonyms:ویران(viran),یباب(yebab),ییقق(yıkık)
uninhabited, having noinhabitants
Synonym:چول(çöl)
spoilt,marred,wasted
impoverished,dilapidated

Noun

خراب• (harab)

ruin,desolation,devastation,waste
Synonym:تخریب(tahrib)
impoverishment,immiseration,dilapidation
decline,decay,deterioration

Derived terms

خراب اتمك(harab etmek,“to devastate, ravage, ruin”)
خراب اولمق(harab olmak,“to be devasted, ruined”)
خرابلق(harablık,“desolation, ruin”)

Descendants

Turkish:harap
→ Armenian:խարաբ(xarab)

Further reading

Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “harap”, inÖtüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat,page1872
Kélékian, Diran (1911) “خراب”, inDictionnaire turc-français‎^[1] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran,page533
Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Desertus”, inComplementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[2], Vienna,column362
Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “خراب”, inThesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[3], Vienna,column1871
Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “harap”, inNişanyan Sözlük
Redhouse, James W. (1890) “خراب”, inA Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[4], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian,page835

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed fromArabicخَرَاب(ḵarāb).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian)IPA^(key):/xa.ˈɾaːb/

(Dari, formal)IPA^(key):[xä.ɾɑ́ːb]

(Dari, formal)IPA^(key):[xä.ɾɑ́ːb]
- (Kabuli)IPA^(key):[xä.ɾɑ́ːb]
- (Hazaragi)IPA^(key):[xä.ɾɔ́ːb̥]

(Iran, formal)IPA^(key):[xæ.ɹɒ́ːb̥]

(Tajik, formal)IPA^(key):[χä.ɾɔ́b]

Readings
Classical reading^?	xarāb
Dari reading^?	xarāb
Iranian reading^?	xarâb
Tajik reading^?	xarob

Audio(Iran): (file)

Adjective


Iranian Persian	خراب
Dari	خراب
Tajik	хароб

خراب• (xarâb)

ruined,devastated,demolished,destroyed
Synonyms:ویرانه(virâne),ویران(virân)
drunk,intoxicated
spoiled,rotten
miserable
(chieflyDari)wrong;bad(notgood)
Synonym:بد
(chieflyDari)corrupt,wicked,bad
Synonym:بد
(chieflyDari)out of order(machine, etc)
(chieflyTajik)thin,slim(notfat)
Synonym:لاغرAntonym:فربه

Noun

خراب• (xarâb)

ruin,desolation
Synonym:ویرانه(virâne)

Derived terms

خراب کردن(xarâb kardan)
خراب شدن(xarâb šodan)
خرابکار(xarâbkâr)
خرابکاری(xarâbkâri)

Sindhi

Etymology

Borrowed fromClassical Persianخراب(xarāb).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key):[xərɑbʊ]

Adjective

خَرَابُ• (xarābu) (Devanagariख़राबु)

bad

References

Khānu, Balocu (1960–1988) “خَرَابُ”, inJāmiʻ Sindhī lughāta (in Sindhi), Hyderabad, Sindh: Sindhī Adabī Borḍ

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed fromClassical Persianخراب(xarāb), fromArabicخَرَاب(ḵarāb).

Pronunciation

(Standard Urdu)IPA^(key):/xə.ɾɑːb/
Audio: (file)
Rhymes:-ɑːb
Hyphenation:خَ‧راب

Adjective

خَراب• (xarāb) (indeclinable,Hindi spellingख़राब)

Descendants

→ Ushojo:خراب

Further reading

“خراب”, inاُردُو لُغَت(urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan,2017.
“خراب”, inریخْتَہ لُغَت(rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary[Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation,2025.
Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “خراب”, inKitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
Platts, John T. (1884) “خراب”, inA dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
S. W. Fallon (1879) “خراب”, inA New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co.
John Shakespear (1834) “خراب”, inA dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3^rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son,→OCLC

Ushojo

Etymology

FromUrduخراب(xarāb).

Adjective

خراب (xarāb)

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