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על

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Aramaic

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Etymology

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Inherited fromProto-Semitic*ʕalay-.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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על• (transliteration needed)

  1. on,upon
  2. over
  3. about,concerning

Hebrew

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Root
ע־ל־ה(ʿ-l-h)
12 terms
Picture dictionary
על
על
על

Prepositions of location

Etymology

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Inherited fromProto-Semitic*ʕalay-.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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עַל• (al)

  1. (literally)on,on top of
    אניעומדעלחומותירושלים.
    aní omédal khomót yerushaláyim.
    I'm standingon the walls of Jerusalem.
  2. (figuratively)on
  3. about
    עלמהאתםמדברים?
    al ma atém medabrím?
    What are y'all talkingabout?
    (literally, “About what you [all] [are] talking?”)
  4. (formal)must [withenclitic pronounandל־(l')‘to’]
    עליכםלהגישאתהמבחןתוךשלוששעות.
    alekhém lehagish et ha mivkhán tokh shalosh sha'ót.
    Youmust turn the test in in 3 hours.
    • c. 3rd century, "Alenu leshabeach":
      עָלֵינוּ לְשַׁבֵּחַ לַאֲדוֹן הַכֹּל
      alénu l'shabéach la'adón hakól
      We must praise the master of all
      (literally, “It is upon us to praise the master of all”)

Usage notes

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  • Various verbs are construed with the prepositionעל; for example,ויתר על(vitér al) means “to give up on”.

Inflection

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Inflection table
base formעַל(al)
Personal-pronoun-
including forms		singularplural
mfmf
1st personעליי / עָלַי(alái)עָלֵינוּ(alénu)
2nd personעָלֶיךָ(alékha)עלייך / עָלַיִךְ(aláyikh)עֲלֵיכֶם(alekhém)עֲלֵיכֶן(alekhén)
3rd personעָלָיו(aláv)עָלֶיהָ(aléha)עֲלֵיהֶם(alehém)עֲלֵיהֶן(alehén)

Derived terms

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References

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Prefix

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עַל• (ál)

  1. Super-: above; more than; larger than.
    מִשְׁפָּחָה(mishpakhá,“family”) →עַל־מִשְׁפָּחָה(ál-mishpakhá,“superfamily”)
    יַבֶּשֶׁת(yabéshet,“continent”) →יַבֶּשֶׁת־עַל(yabéshet-ál,“supercontinent”)
    טִבְעִי(tiv'í,“natural”) →עַל־טִבְעִי(ál-tiv'í,“supernatural”)

Usage notes

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  • Typically used to formcalques from English and other languages.
  • Sometimes attached to the following word via a hyphen; otherwise, separated by a space.
  • In some compounds, follows the base word as a suffix rather than preceding it as a prefix.

Antonyms

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  • (antonym(s) of“super-”):תת־(tát-,“sub-”)

Derived terms

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Suffix

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עַל• (ál)

  1. Alternative form of the prefix; see above.
    גִּבּוֹר(gibór,“hero”) →גִּבּוֹר־עָל(gibór-ál,“superhero”)
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