чи• (či)
Cognate ofMandarinChinese汽 (qì)
чи• (či) (III)
Cognate ofMandarinChinese氣／气 (qì)
чи• (či) (I)
FromProto-Mordvinic*či ~*ši, inherited fromProto-Finno-Ugric*kečä ~*keččä(“circle, ring”). Cognates includeMokshaши(ši,“sun, day, weather”),Finnishkehä(“circle, ring”),Eastern Mariкече(keče,“sun, day”),Komi-Zyrianкиш(kiš,“ring, halo”), archaicHungariankégy.
The*kəči >*či shift possibly influenced by*ve(“night”).
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чи• (či)
This entry needs aninflection-table template.
FromProto-Mongolic*či.
чи• (çi)
| 1st person | 2nd person | reflexive | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural inclusive | plural exclusive | singular | singular polite | plural | plural polite | regular | fromбий(biy,“body”) | |||
| nominative | би(bi) | мадн(madn) | бидн(bidn) | чи(çi) | та(ta) | тадн(tadn) | таанр(taanr) | эврән(evrän) эврәннь(evrännʹ) | бийнь(biynʹ) | ||
| oblique | нам(nam) | ма(ma) | бид(bid) | чи(çi) | та(ta) | тадн(tadn) | таанр(taanr) | эврә(evrä) | бийнь(biynʹ) | ||
| genitive | мини(mini) | мана(mana) | биднә(bidnä) | чини(çini) | тана(tana) | тадна(tadna) | таанрин(taanrin) | эврә(evrä) | бийин(biyin) | ||
| dative | намд(namd) нанд(nand) | манд(mand) | биднд(bidnd) | чамд(çamd) | танд(tand) | таднд(tadnd) | таанрт(taanrt) | эврәд(evräd) | бийд(biyd) | ||
| accusative | намаг(namag) нама(nama) нәмәг(nämäg) | мадниг(madnig) маниг(manig) | бидниг(bidnig) | чамаг(çamag) | таниг(tanig) | тадниг(tadnig) | таанриг(taanrig) | эврәг(evräg) | бийинь(biyinʹ) бийән(biyän) | ||
| instrumental | намар(namar) нанар(nanar) | маднар(madnar) манар(manar) | биднәр(bidnär) | чамар(çamar) | танар(tanar) | таднар(tadnar) | таанрар(taanrar) | эврәһәр(evräğär) | бийәрн(biyärn) | ||
| comitative | намла(namla) нанла(nanla) | маднла(madnla) манла(manla) | биднлә(bidnlä) | чамла(çamla) | танла(tanla) | таднла(tadnla) | таанрла(taanrla) | эврәлә(evrälä) | бийлә(biylä) | ||
| associative | намта(namta) нанта(nanta) | маднта(madnta) манта(manta) | биднтә(bidntä) | чамта(çamta) | танта(tanta) | таднта(tadnta) | таанрта(taanrta) | эврәтә(evrätä) | бийтә(biytä) | ||
| ablative | намас(namas) нанас(nanas) | маднас(madnas) манас(manas) | биднәс(bidnäs) | чамас(çamas) | танас(tanas) | таднас(tadnas) | таанрас(taanras) | эврәһәс(evräğäs) | бийәсн(biyäsn) | ||
| directive | намур(namur) нанур(nanur) | маднур(madnur) манур(manur) | биднүр(bidnür) | чамур(çamur) | танур(tanur) | таднур(tadnur) | таанрур(taanrur) | эврәһүр(evräğür) | бийүрн(biyürn) | ||
FromClassical Mongolianᠴᠢ(či), fromMiddle Mongolᠴᠢ(či), fromProto-Mongolic*či. Cognate withDongxiangchi.
чи• (či) (Mongolian spellingᠴᠢ(či))
| nominative | чи(či) |
|---|---|
| oblique | чам(čam) |
| possessive determiner | чиний(činii) |
| possessive pronoun | чинийх(činiix) |
| possessive particle | чинь(činʹ) |
| dative-locative | чамд(čamd) |
| accusative | чамайг(čamajg) |
| ablative | чамаас(čamaas) |
| instrumental | чамаар(čamaar) |
| comitative | чамтай(čamtaj) |
| directional | чамруу(čam ruu) |
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | би(bi) | бид(bid) | |
| 2nd person | familiar | чи(či) | та нар(ta nar),таануус(taanuus) |
| polite | та(ta) | ||
| 3rd person | тэр(ter) | (over there)тэд(ted),тэд нар(ted nar) (over here)эд(ed),эд нар(ed nar) | |
Possibly akin to Mongolic*či; compareMongolianчи(či) and Tungusic*si, compareNanaiси(si).
чи (ț’i)
Akin to Middle Persiankē.
чи• (ḱi)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | чи | кæйӕ |
| genitive | чиы | кæйы |
| dative | чиӕн | кæйӕн |
| allative | чимӕ | кæйӕм |
| ablative | чиӕй | кæйӕй |
| inessive | чиы | кæйы |
| adessive | чиыл | кæйыл |
| equative | чиау | кæйау |
| comitative | чиимӕ | кæйимӕ |
Inherited fromOld Slovakči, fromProto-Slavic*či. Cognates includePolishczy andSlovakči.
чи (či)
чи (či)
чи• (či)
Inherited fromOld Ruthenianчи(či), fromOld East Slavicчи(či), fromProto-Slavic*či, fromProto-Indo-European*kʷíh₁, initially instrumental singular of pronoun*kʷo-/*kʷe-.
чи• (čy)
чи• (čy)