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жена

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:женя,Женя,andAppendix:Variations of "zena"

Bulgarian

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BulgarianWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediabg

Etymology

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Inherited fromOld Church Slavonicжена(žena), fromProto-Slavic*žena, fromProto-Balto-Slavic*génāˀ, fromProto-Indo-European*gʷḗn.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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жена́ (ženáf (relational adjectiveже́нски,diminutiveжени́цаorжени́чка,augmentativeжени́ще)

  1. woman,lady,female
  2. wife,spouse
  3. charwoman,home help

Usage notes

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  • The vocativeже́но(žéno) is considered vulgar and is therefore generally avoided.

Declension

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Declension of жена́
singularplural
indefiniteжена́
žená
жени́
žení
definiteжена́та
ženáta
жени́те
ženíte
vocative formже́но
žéno
жени́
žení

References

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  • жена”, inРечник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences,2014
  • жена”, inРечник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian),Chitanka,2010
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “жена́”, inБългарски етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House,→ISBN, page536

Anagrams

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Carpathian Rusyn

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ʒɛˈna]
  • Rhymes:-a
  • Syllabification:же‧на

Noun

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жена́ (ženáf

  1. Prešov form ofжона́(žoná)
  2. Lemko form ofжона́(žoná)

References

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  • Kercha, Ihor (2012), “жена”, inСловник русько-русинськый: у 2 т. [Russian-Rusyn Dictionary: in 2 vols] (overall work in Russian and Carpathian Rusyn), Uzhhorod: PoliPrint, page268
  • Ołeksandr Hojsak (2018), “жена”, inSłownik gwary łemkowskiej wsi Wysowa, 1 edition, Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego,→ISBN, page55
  • Юрій Панько (2015), “žena”, inSlovensko-rusínsky slovník/Словацько-русиньскый словник (in Ukrainian), volume 2, Prešov: Rusínska obroda na Slovensku,→ISBN, page907

Macedonian

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MacedonianWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediamk

Etymology

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Inherited fromProto-Slavic*žena, fromProto-Balto-Slavic*génāˀ, fromProto-Indo-European*gʷḗn.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈʒɛna]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation:же‧на

Noun

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жена (ženaf (pluralжени,relational adjectiveженски,diminutiveженичкаorженче,augmentativeжеништеorженетина)

  1. woman
  2. wife
    Synonym:сопруга f(sopruga)

Declension

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Declension ofжена
singularplural
indefiniteжена(žena)жени(ženi)
definite unspecifiedжената(ženata)жените(ženite)
definite proximalженава(ženava)жениве(ženive)
definite distalженана(ženana)женине(ženine)
vocativeжено(ženo)жени(ženi)

Antonyms

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Derived terms

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Old Church Slavonic

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Old Church SlavonicWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediacu

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromProto-Slavic*žena, fromProto-Balto-Slavic*génāˀ, fromProto-Indo-European*gʷḗn.

Noun

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жена (ženaf

  1. woman
  2. wife

Declension

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Declension ofжена (hard a-stem)
singulardualplural
nominativeжена
žena
женѣ
ženě
женꙑ
ženy
genitiveженꙑ
ženy
женоу
ženu
женъ
ženŭ
dativeженѣ
ženě
женама
ženama
женамъ
ženamŭ
accusativeженѫ
ženǫ
женѣ
ženě
женꙑ
ženy
instrumentalженоѭ
ženojǫ
женама
ženama
женами
ženami
locativeженѣ
ženě
женоу
ženu
женахъ
ženaxŭ
vocativeжено
ženo
женѣ
ženě
женꙑ
ženy

See also

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Old Church Slavic family terms
отьчьство(otĭčĭstvo,family)MaleFemale
parent
родител҄ь(roditelʹĭ)
отьць(otĭcĭ),авва(avva,father)мати(mati,mother)
siblingбратръ(bratrŭ,brother)сестра(sestra,sister)
childсꙑнъ(synŭ,son)дъщи(dŭšti,daughter)
grandparentдѣдъ(dědŭ,grandfather)баба(baba,grandmother)
grandchildвъноукъ(vŭnukŭ,grandson)– (“granddaughter”)
great-grandparentпрѣдѣдъ(prědědŭ,great-grandfather)– (“great-grandmother”)
mother's siblingоуи(ui,maternal uncle)– (“maternal aunt”)
father's siblingстрꙑи(stryi,paternal uncle)– (“paternal aunt”)
sibling's childбратанъ(bratanŭ),сꙑновь(synovĭ),сꙑновьць(synovĭcĭ,nephew)братана(bratana,niece)
cousinбратоучѧдъ(bratučędŭ,male cousin)братоучѧда(bratučęda,female cousin)
spouseмѫжь(mǫžĭ),чрьтожьникъ(črĭtožĭnikŭ),малъженъ(malŭženŭ,husband)жена(žena),чрьтожьница(črĭtožĭnica),съложь(sŭložĭ,wife)
parent of wifeтьсть(tĭstĭ,father-in-law (wife's father))тьща(tĭšta,mother-in-law (wife's mother))
parent of husbandсвекръ(svekrŭ,father-in-law (husband's father))свекрꙑ(svekry,mother-in-law (husband's father))
sibling of husbandдєвєръ(deverŭ,brother-in-law (husband's brother))зълꙑ(zŭly,sister-in-law (husband's sister))
spouse of childзѧть(zętĭ,son-in-law (daughter's husband))снъха(snŭxa,daughter-in-law (son's wife))
spouse of husband's brotherетрꙑ(etry),кѫпетра(kǫpetra,sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife))
stepchildпасторъкъ(pastorŭkŭ,stepson)– (“stepdaughter”)
step-parentотьчимъ(otĭčimŭ,stepfather)мащеха(maštexa,stepmother)

Old East Slavic

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Жена (1).

Etymology

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FromProto-Slavic*žena.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ʑɛˈnɑ//ʑɛˈna//ʑɛˈna/
  • (ca. 9th CE)IPA(key): /ʑɛˈnɑ/
  • (ca. 11th CE)IPA(key): /ʑɛˈna/
  • (ca. 13th CE)IPA(key): /ʑɛˈna/

  • Hyphenation:же‧на

Noun

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жена (ženaf (diminutiveженъкаorжонъка)

  1. woman
  2. wife

Declension

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Declension ofжена (hard a-stem)
singulardualplural
nominativeжена
žena
женѣ
ženě
женꙑ
ženy
genitiveженꙑ
ženy
жену
ženu
женъ
ženŭ
dativeженѣ
ženě
женама
ženama
женамъ
ženamŭ
accusativeженѫ
ženǫ
женѣ
ženě
женꙑ
ženy
instrumentalженоѭ
ženojǫ
женама
ženama
женами
ženami
locativeженѣ
ženě
жену
ženu
женахъ
ženaxŭ
vocativeжено
ženo
женѣ
ženě
женꙑ
ženy

Coordinate terms

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Descendants

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References

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  • Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1893), “жена”, inМатеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎[1] (in Russian), volume 1(А – К), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences,column857

Pannonian Rusyn

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Etymology

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Inherited fromOld Slovakžena, fromProto-Slavic*žena. Cognates includeCarpathian Rusynжона́(žoná) andSlovakžena.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈʒɛna]
  • Rhymes:-ɛna
  • Hyphenation:же‧на

Noun

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жена (ženaf (diminutiveженочка,augmentativeженїска,relational adjectiveженовorженски)

  1. female,woman
    Coordinate terms:хлоп(xlop),чловек(človek)
  2. wife
    Synonym:супруга(supruha)
    Coordinate terms:муж(muž),супруг(supruh),хлоп(xlop)

Usage notes

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Declension

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Declension ofжена(žena)
singularplural
nominativeжена(žena)жени(ženi)
genitiveжени(ženi)женох(ženox)
dativeжени(ženi)женом(ženom)
accusativeжену(ženu)жени(ženi)
instrumentalжену(ženu)женами /женми(ženami / ženmi)
locativeжени(ženi)женох(ženox)
vocativeжено(ženo)жени(ženi)

Related terms

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adjectives
nouns
verbs

Further reading

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Russian

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Etymology

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Inherited fromOld East Slavicжена(žena), fromProto-Slavic*žena, fromProto-Balto-Slavic*génāˀ, fromProto-Indo-European*gʷḗn, whence Englishqueen andgyno-.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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жена́ (ženáanim (genitiveжены́,nominative pluralжёны,genitive pluralжён,diminutiveжёнушкаorжену́ляorжену́лька)

  1. wife
    Synonym:супру́га(suprúga)
    Antonym:супру́г m(suprúg)
    Antonym:муж m(muž)
    • 1887,Николай Лесков [Nikolai Leskov], “Глава третья”, inГрабёж; English translation fromRichard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky, transl.,A Robbery, New York:Alfred A. Knopf,2013:
      Они́жену́ мне хоте́ли взять из орло́вских для того́, что́бы у нас бы́ло обновле́ние родства́.
      Oníženú mne xotéli vzjatʹ iz orlóvskix dlja tovó, štóby u nas býlo obnovlénije rodstvá.
      She wanted to take awife for me from the Orel girls, so as to renew the family.
  2. (obsolete, poetic)woman
    • 1997,Nautilus Pompilius [Nautilus Pompilius], “Сёстры печали [Sjóstry pečali]”, inЯблокитай[2]:
      Жёны ра́дости пьют твоё вре́мя, как во́ду,
      А сёстры печа́ли внеза́пны, как дождь;
      Жёнам ра́дости в тя́гость доро́ги свобо́ды,
      А сёстры печа́ли иду́т за тобо́й.
      Иду́т за тобо́й, пока́ не умрёшь...
      Žóny rádosti pʹjut tvojó vrémja, kak vódu,
      A sjóstry pečáli vnezápny, kak doždʹ;
      Žónam rádosti v tjágostʹ dorógi svobódy,
      A sjóstry pečáli idút za tobój.
      Idút za tobój, poká ne umrjóšʹ...
      Women of joy drink thy time as if it's water,
      And sisters of sorrow are sudden like rain;
      Women of joy are weary of liberty's roads,
      And sisters of sorrow go after thee.
      Go after thee, till thou'll die...

Declension

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Declension ofжена́ (anim fem-form hard-stem accent-d) 
singularplural
nominativeжена́
žená
жёны
žóny
genitiveжены́
žený
жён
žón
dativeжене́
žené
жёнам
žónam
accusativeжену́
ženú
жён
žón
instrumentalжено́й,жено́ю
ženój,ženóju
жёнами
žónami
prepositionalжене́
žené
жёнах
žónax
vocativeже́но
žéno
Pre-reform declension ofжена́ (anim fem-form hard-stem accent-d) 
singularplural
nominativeжена́
žená
жёны
žóny
genitiveжены́
žený
жёнъ
žón
dativeженѣ́
ženě́
жёнамъ
žónam
accusativeжену́
ženú
жёнъ
žón
instrumentalжено́й,жено́ю
ženój,ženóju
жёнами
žónami
prepositionalженѣ́
ženě́
жёнахъ
žónax

Derived terms

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Compound words:

Related terms

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Related via Proto-Indo-European*gʷḗn:

Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology

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Inherited fromProto-Slavic*žena, fromProto-Balto-Slavic*génāˀ, fromProto-Indo-European*gʷḗn.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ʒěna/
  • Hyphenation:же‧на

Noun

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жѐна f (Latin spellingžèna,relational adjectiveжѐнскӣ,diminutiveжѐница)

  1. woman
    ЗгоднаженаPrettyWoman
  2. wife

Declension

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Declension ofжена
singularplural
nominativeжѐнажене
genitiveженеже́на̄
dativeжениженама
accusativeженужене
vocativeже̏ножене
locativeжениженама
instrumentalженомженама

Derived terms

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References

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  • жена”, inHrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian),2006–2025
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=жена&oldid=87925980"
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