Zuni Pueblo, New Mexico | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Zuni Pueblo in 1945 | |
 Location of Zuni Pueblo, New Mexico | |
  Zuni Pueblo Location in the United States Show map of the United States Zuni Pueblo Zuni Pueblo (New Mexico) Show map of New Mexico | |
| Coordinates:35°04′02″N108°52′22″W / 35.06722°N 108.87278°W /35.06722; -108.87278 | |
| Country |  United States |
| State |  New Mexico |
| County | McKinley |
| Area | |
• Total | 12.62 sq mi (32.69 km2) |
| • Land | 12.62 sq mi (32.69 km2) |
| • Water | 0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2) |
| Elevation | 6,273 ft (1,912 m) |
| Population | |
• Total | 6,176 |
| • Density | 489.27/sq mi (188.91/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-7 (Mountain (MST)) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-6 (MDT) |
| ZIP Code | 87327 (Zuni) |
| Area code | 505 |
| FIPS code | 35-86595 |
| GNIS feature ID | 2409649[2] |
| Website | ashiwi |
Zuni Pueblo (alsoZuñi Pueblo,Zuni:Halona Idiwan’a meaning "Middle Place"[4]) is acensus-designated place (CDP) inMcKinley County,New Mexico, United States. The population was 6,176 as of the2020 Census.[3] It is inhabited largely by members of theZuni people.
The community is within theZuni Indian Reservation or Pueblo of Zuni in southwestern McKinley County, 37 miles (60 km) south ofGallup, thecounty seat, and 11 miles (18 km) east of theArizona border. It is bordered to the east by the smaller community ofBlack Rock.New Mexico State Road 53 passes through Zuni Pueblo and Black Rock, leading east 21 miles (34 km) toRamah and southwest (along withArizona State Route 61) 25 miles (40 km) toU.S. Route 191.
According to theU.S. Census Bureau, the Zuni Pueblo CDP has a total area of 12.6 square miles (33 km2), all land.[1] TheZuni River passes through the community, running southwest to join theLittle Colorado River nearHunt, Arizona.
A significant landmark of Zuni Pueblo is theDowa Yalanne, amesa covering approximately 320 acres (130 ha) rising just outside of the community to the southeast.[5]
| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 2,563 | — | |
| 1960 | 3,585 | 39.9% | |
| 1970 | 3,958 | 10.4% | |
| 1980 | 5,551 | 40.2% | |
| 1990 | 5,857 | 5.5% | |
| 2000 | 6,367 | 8.7% | |
| 2010 | 6,302 | −1.0% | |
| 2020 | 6,176 | −2.0% | |
| U.S. Decennial Census[6][3] | |||
As of thecensus[7] of 2000, there were 6,367 people, 1,488 households, and 1,334 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 720.0 inhabitants per square mile (278.0/km2). There were 1,622 housing units at an average density of 183.4 per square mile (70.8/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.03%Native American, 2.12%White, 2.01%Hispanic orLatino, 0.03%African American, 0.03%Asian, 0.30% fromother races, and 0.49% from two or more races.
There were 1,488 households, out of which 42.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.1% weremarried couples living together, 31.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 10.3% were non-families. 9.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 1.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 4.26 and the average family size was 4.54.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 34.7% under the age of 18, 9.8% from 18 to 24, 32.3% from 25 to 44, 16.8% from 45 to 64, and 6.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.2 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $22,559, and the median income for a family was $22,067. Males had a median income of $18,345 versus $18,635 for females. Theper capita income for the CDP was $6,908. About 40.0% of families and 43.0% of the population were below thepoverty line, including 49.7% of those under age 18 and 41.7% of those age 65 or over.
The Zuni Public Library opened in 1975.[8]
According to Zuni Pueblo's website, "many of Zuni Pueblo's events are open to the public", and "religious dances and activities" occur in the Middle Village area.[9]
Zuni Pueblo is described as an "artist colony", with the main industry beingstone fetish carving, inlay silverwork, pottery, and other artwork.[10]
It is on theTrails of the Ancients Byway, one of the designatedNew Mexico Scenic Byways.[11]
Zuni Public Schools, established in 1980, operates schools serving the community. Prior to 1980 it was in theGallup-McKinley County Schools.[12]Zuni High School is the zoned high school.
St. Anthony School, Zuni (K-8), of theRoman Catholic Diocese of Gallup, is in Zuni Pueblo. The school began operations on September 3, 1923. The Sisters of Saint Francis of Perpetual Adoration operated the school. Its initial enrollment was 43.[13]
Tribally-run A:shiwi Transit connects Zuni Pueblo andBlack Rock withGallup.
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The first contact with Spaniards occurred in 1539 in the ancient village ofHawikku whenEsteban, anArab/Berber of Moroccan origin, entered Zuni territory seeking the fabled "Seven Cities of Cibola" and whenMarco da Nizza, an Italianfranciscan, reached Zuni Pueblo and called itCibola.[14]
Halona Pueblo | |
 | |
| Nearest city | Gallup, New Mexico |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 35°04′04″N108°49′37″W / 35.06778°N 108.82694°W /35.06778; -108.82694 |
| Area | 1,500 acres (6.1 km2) |
| Built | 1539 |
| NRHP reference No. | 75002066[15] |
| Added to NRHP | February 10, 1975 |
TheHalona Pueblo, also known asZuni Pueblo, is located 36 miles south ofGallup, New Mexico on NM 32 & NM 53. Thepueblo dates from before 1539, which was when Europeans first visited New Mexico. It was one of the original six pueblos of theZuni people. TheFray Marcos de Niza expedition, led byEstevan the Moor, arrived to the area in 1539; most of its party were killed by the Zunis.Coronado's expedition a year later was disappointed not to find great wealth. It was listed on theNational Register of Historic Places in 1975.[15]
The Old Zuni Mission, or Nuestra Senora de la Candelaria (Our Lady of the Light), on Old Mission Dr. at35°04′04″N108°50′59″W / 35.067782°N 108.849641°W /35.067782; -108.849641 (Old Zuni Mission) is the building depicted in one photo with NRHP nomination.
Hawikuh Ruins is a National Historic Landmark 12 miles away.
Zuni-Cibola Complex, a National Historic Landmark District, was proposed as a National Park.[16]
| Reservations | |
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| Pueblos | |
Municipalities and communities ofMcKinley County, New Mexico,United States | ||
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| City |  | |
| CDPs |
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| Other communities | ||
| Indian reservation | ||
| Footnotes | ‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties | |
| International | |
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| National | |
