Arthur Antunes Coimbra (Portuguese pronunciation:[aʁˈtuʁɐ̃ˈtũniskoˈĩbɾɐ], born 3 March 1953), better known asZico ([ˈziku]), is a Brazilianfootball coach and former player who played as anattacking midfielder. Often called the "WhitePelé",[2] he was arguably the world's best player of the late 1970s and early 80s. A creativeplaymaker with excellent technical skills, vision and an eye for goal,[3][4][5] he is also regarded as one of the bestfree kick specialists in history, able tobend the ball in all directions.[6] By one estimate, Zico is the player that scored the most goals fromdirect free kicks, with 101 goals including friendlies, among which 62 verified in official games (8th of all time).[7][8]
In 1999, Zico came seventh in theFIFA Player of the Century grand jury vote, and in 2004 was named in theFIFA 100 list of the world's greatest living players.[9][10] As stated by Pelé himself, "throughout the years, the one player that came closest to me was Zico".[11] He was chosen as the 1981[12] and1983 Player of the Year.
With 48 goals in 71 official appearances forBrazil, Zico is thefifth highest goalscorer for his national team.[13] He represented Brazil in the1978,1982 and1986 World Cups. They did not win any of those tournaments, even though the1982 squad is considered one of the greatest Brazilian national squads ever.[14] He is widely regarded as the greatest Brazilian never to win the World Cup.
Born in 1953, Zico came from a lower-middle-class family of Portuguese origin, in the neighbourhood ofQuintino Bocaiuva, Rio de Janeiro. In common with many young Brazilians, he spent much of his youth dreaming of being a professional footballer and skipped school to play football on the streets. His passion for the sport made him famous in the neighbourhood, where people would gather to see the boy's brilliant performances against older children and teenagers. At that time he was playing forJuventude, a localfutsal street team run by his older brothers and friends, and had also begun to play for futsal clubRiver Futebol Clube on Sundays.
His nickname originated in Zico's own family from increasingly shortened versions ofArthurzinho ("Little Arthur") which then becameArthurzico, thenTuzico and, finally,Zico, a version created by his cousin Ermelinda "Linda" Rolim.[17]
In 1967, at 14 years old, he had a scheduled trial atAmérica, where his brothers Antunes[18] andEdu were professional players. But on a Sunday, during a River match, Zico scored nine goals and caught the attention of radio reporter Celso Garcia, who asked Zico's father to take him to a trial atFlamengo instead. Being a Flamengo fan, Zico had his father's approval, and so began his path towards becoming one of the most admired players in the history of the sport.
Zico was not physically strong, and his story of determination and discipline began with a tough muscle and body development program conducted by physical education teacher José Roberto Francalacci. A combination of hard work and also a special diet sponsored by his team enabled Zico to develop a strong body and become an athlete; this later proved to be essential for his success.[19]
During 1971 and 1972, he shifted from youth to professional team and back. CoachFleitas Solich had confidence in Zico's abilities and promoted him, on the other hand the situation changed when theParaguayan coach left andZagallo took over. He believed Zico to be too young and sent him back to the youth team. Things only improved for Zico when Joubert, his first coach at the youth team, was appointed the new coach for the seniors and fully promoted him after 116 matches and 81 goals in the youth team.
While at Flamengo, Zico was a key player during the most glorious period of the team's history. Along with many other titles, in his first period at Flamengo he led the team to victory in the 1981Copa Libertadores, the 1981Intercontinental Cup and four national titles (1980, 1982, 1983 and 1987). On the field, Zico made goals in all imaginable ways, was also a great assister and team organiser and was known for his excellent vision of the field. He was a two-footed player and an expert atfree kicks.[14]
After receiving offers fromA.S. Roma andA.C. Milan, moving to Italy seemed right and a four-million dollar proposal fromUdinese was on the table. Such an amount of money made bigger clubs pressure theFIGC (Italian Football Federation) that blocked the transfer expecting financial guarantees. This caused a commotion inUdine as enragedFriulians flocked to the streets in protest against the Italian federation and the federal government.Historical reasons would make them shout "O Zico, o Austria!" ("Either Zico or Austria"). At the end of the controversy, the deal went through and though leaving Flamengo fans in sadness, Zico made the Friulians fans finally dream of better days.
In the 1983–84Serie A, his first in Italy, his partnership withFranco Causio promised to take Udinese to a higher level, gaining respect from giantsJuventus and Roma. Hisfree kicks caused such an impact that TV sports programs would debate how to stop them. Despite his excellent performance, the club's season ended in disappointment as Udinese, in spite of scoring almost twice as many goals as the previous year, only gathered 32 points and was ninth in the final standing, losing three places in comparison to 1982–83. Zico scored 19 goals,[20] one fewer than top scorerMichel Platini, having played 4 fewer matches than the French footballer due to an injury. Plus, he was voted1983 Player of the Year byWorld Soccer Magazine.
His following season would be punctuated by injuries and suspensions for openly attacking referees. He also used to complain about the board's lack of ambition for not signing competitive players, which made the team too dependent on him. Furthermore, Italian tax officials pressed charges against him for tax evasion. Pressured, Zico delivered an amazing display againstDiego Maradona'sNapoli, his last match as abianconero, and returned to Brazil and Flamengo, sponsored by a group of companies.
He became a fan favorite with his spectacular goals and is still adored now by all Udinese fans.[21][22]
Only one month after returning, he suffered a severe knee injury after a violent tackle from Bangu's defender Marcio Nunes, which interrupted his career for several months, even affecting his form in the1986 FIFA World Cup. Recovered from injuries, things improved for Zico in 1987 when he led Flamengo to theCopa União title.[23][24]
December 1989 marks Zico's last official appearance for Flamengo in aBrazilian National Championship match against rivalsFluminense. Zico scored the first goal and Flamengo won the match 5–0.[25]
The achievements of the greatest idol in Flamengo's history inspired the Brazilian singerJorge Ben Jor to write a song in his honour –Camisa 10 da Gávea – helping create the mystique of the club's number 10.[28][29]
After Brazil's first presidential election in many years, the new presidentFernando Collor de Mello appointed Zico as his Minister of Sports. Zico stayed at this political assignment for about a year and his most important contribution was a piece of legislation dealing with the business side of sport teams.
In 1991, Zico interrupted his political assignment when he accepted an offer to join theSumitomo Metals inKashima,Ibaraki Prefecture, at the time in the second tier, to help the club secure a place in Japan's first fully professional football league that was set to officially launch in 1993 –J1 League. Zico played for Sumitomo in 1991–92, the last season before the oldJapan Soccer League was disbanded, and finished as the second division's top scorer. When the new league launched, In the opening match of theJ.League he scored a hat-trick in a 5–0 win overNagoya Grampus.[30] The small town club, promoted and rebrandedKashima Antlers, was not expected to compete with richer, more glamorous clubs likeYokohama Marinos andVerdy Kawasaki. Zico, however, helped the Antlers to win theJ.League Suntory Series and a runners-up finish in its inaugural season, leading the club to cement its place among the league's elite. On 15 June 1994, he scored the final goal of his career in a 2–1 win overJúbilo Iwata.[31]
His discipline, talent and professionalism meshed very well with Japanese culture and his influence earned him the nickname サッカーの神様 (sakkā no kamisama) from Japanese football fans.[32] He became a local legend in Japan for having built a contender from almost nothing and putting the city of Kashima on the map. A statue in his honor stands outsideKashima Soccer Stadium.[33]
An episode related toBrazil national football team almost made Zico give up on his career. He made his international debut inthe South American qualifier to the1972 Summer Olympics tournament playing 5 matches and scoring the qualifying goal against Argentina. Despite this fact, he wasn't called up to the Munich games. He felt extremely frustrated and told his father in dismay he wanted to stop playing football. He was even absent from training at Flamengo for 10 days, being later convinced otherwise by his brothers.
In the opening group match of the1978 World Cup againstSweden, Zico headed acorner kick into the goal in the final minute of the match, apparently breaking a 1–1 tie. However, in a call that became infamous, theWelsh refereeClive Thomas disallowed the goal, saying that he had blown the whistle to end the match while the ball was still in the air from a corner.[2] In the second round, he scored from a penalty in a 3–0 win overPeru. Zico eventually won a bronze medal with Brazil at the tournament, defeatingItaly in the 3rd place final.[34]
Zico also won another bronze medal with Brazil in the1979 Copa América, where he scored two goals.
The1982 World Cup would see Zico as part of a fantastic squad, side by side withPaulo Roberto Falcão,Sócrates,Éder Aleixo,Toninho Cerezo andLéo Júnior. In spite of his 4 goals and the great amount of skill in that squad (Zico was involved in eight consecutive goals scored by Brazil), the team was defeated 3–2 byPaolo Rossi andItaly in the final match of the second round group stage.[2]
He played in the1986 FIFA World Cup while still injured and only appeared as a second-half substitute throughout the tournament;[2] in the quarter-final match againstFrance during regulation time, he helped Brazil win apenalty, but then missed his kick.[35] The match ended in a tie which led to ashootout. Zico then scored his goal, but penalties missed by Sócrates andJúlio César saw Brazil knocked out of the tournament.[2]
Having been cleared of all the tax evasion charges by Italian officials in 1988,[36] Zico decided to pay a tribute toUdine, the city that had madly welcomed him six years before, and played his farewell match for theSeleção in March 1989 losing 1–2 to a World All-Stars team atStadio Friuli.[citation needed]
Aclassic number 10, Zico usually played as anattacking midfielder, although he was also capable of playing in several other attacking and midfield positions, and was also deployed as acentral midfielder, as asecond striker orinside forward, or even as anoutside forward; he is regarded as one of the greatest players of all time.[37][36][38][39] A diminutiveplaymaker, with a small, slender physique, although he was naturally right-footed, he was essentially a two-footed player, who was known for his flair, speed, exceptional technique, ball control anddribbling skills, as well as his use of tricks andfeints to beat opponents with the ball.[3][4][14][38][40][41][42][43][44] Former Dutch internationalRuud Gullit rated Zico as "one of the best dribblers in the history of the game", describing him as "very nimble".[45] Although he was not physically imposing, Zico was a quick, complete and highly creative player, with excellent vision, who is considered to be one of the best passers of all time and was known for his trademark no-look passes.[4][38][40][41][42][46][47] In addition to being an elitecreator of goalscoring opportunities, Zico was also a prolific goalscorer himself and an excellent finisher, due to his powerful and accurate striking ability, which made him extremely clinical in front of goal; as such he is also regarded by pundits as one of the greatest goalscorers in the history of the game.[3][4][37][5][38][43]
He was also aset-piece specialist, who was renowned for his ability to bend the ball and score from dead ball situations and is considered to be one of the greatestfree-kick takers of all time.[3][37][6][14][38] Zico's unique free kick technique, which saw him place significant importance on his standing foot, often saw him lean back and raise his knee at a very high angle when hitting the ball with his instep, thus enabling him to lift it high over the wall, before it dropped back down again; his method of striking the ball allowed him to score free kicks even from close range, within 20 to 16 metres from the goal, or even from just outside the penalty area. Moreover, due to his technique, mentality, unpredictability and accuracy in dead ball situations, he was capable of placing the ball in either top or bottom corner on either side of the goal, which made it difficult for goalkeepers to read his free kicks.[38][48][49] His ability from set-pieces inspired several other specialists, such asRoberto Baggio andAndrea Pirlo.[50][51]
In addition to his footballing skills, Zico was also known for his leadership, mental strength and determination, as well as his stamina, dedication and for having an outstanding work-ethic;[2][40][48] indeed, he was often known for staying behind in training to practice and refine his free kicks.[48] Throughout his career, Zico was nicknamedO Galinho ("The Little Rooster", in Portuguese).[52]
Despite his ability, his career was plagued by injuries.[53]
Zico retired from professional football during the 1994 season but received an invitation to playbeach soccer, winning theBeach Soccer World Cup 1995. Scoring 12 goals, he was the top scorer and was named the best player of the tournament. He returned to Kashima to become the Antlers' technical adviser in 1995, splitting his time between Japan and Brazil – where he still managed to find time to play beach soccer. One year later, in 1996, he won his secondBeach Soccer World Cup with Brazil, scoring in the final against Uruguay. He foundedCFZ (Zico Football Centre) in Rio de Janeiro. Zico founded another club, namedCFZ de Brasília, in 1999.
After the2002 FIFA World Cup,Japan Football Association looked for a replacement for the outgoingPhilippe Troussier, and chose Zico as his successor. Despite his lack of coaching experience besides his stint as Brazil's technical coordinator during the1998 World Cup, Zico had great understanding of Japanese soccer from his playing days and his role as Kashima's technical director. In addition, JFA had grown tired of Troussier's clashes with the media while the players were frustrated with hismicromanagement. In contrast, Zico commanded respect from reporters and urged players to express themselves on the pitch.[54]
Although Zico attempted to instill a free-flowing, attacking mentality to the team, his regime got off to an uneven start, which included a 4–1 loss toArgentina in 2003. Japan had a respectable showing at that year'sConfederations Cup but struggled again in the beginning of 2004, only narrowly beatingOman in the first stage of qualifying for the2006 FIFA World Cup and several players were suspended after a drinking incident.[55] Although Japan had not lost in its nine previous matches, he was rumored to be on the verge of resigning and a small group of fans marched in the streets of Tokyo demanding his firing.[56]
He stayed on, however, and won the2004 Asian Cup despite intimidation from Chinese fans and a team that featured just one European-based player,Shunsuke Nakamura.[57] He then helped Japan qualify for the2006 FIFA World Cup with just one loss.
Despite the rocky start, injuries to key players and even a bizarre offer fromGarforth Town,[58] Zico led Japan to its third World Cup finals appearance and the thirdAsian Cup title in four tries. His Japanese team was heavily influenced by Brazil's short passing style and he was flexible enough to switch between4–4–2 and 3–5–2 formations. In addition, he has had a respectable record on European soil, beatingCzech Republic andGreece and drawing withEngland,Brazil andGermany.
However, Japan failed to win a single match at the Finals, losing twice (toAustralia andBrazil) and drawing once (toCroatia), and scoring just two goals while conceding seven. He resigned from Japan at the end of the World Cup campaign.
In July 2006, signed a two-year deal withFenerbahçe.[59] He won the league title in2006-07 and wonTurkish Super Cup on the first year of his job. Under his command Fenerbahçe qualified to the2007–08 UEFA Champions League knockout stage for the first time in club history, where they beatSevilla on penalties to advance to the quarter-finals.[60] Fenerbahce beat Chelsea 2–1 in the first leg, but Chelsea won 2–0 at Stamford Bridge to eliminate Fenerbahce. This was Fenerbahce's best performance in UEFA competitions.
Zico was given a new nickname by Fenerbahçe fans:Kral Arthur (meaning "King Arthur" in Turkish). For the team's nicknameKing Arthur and his Knights. On 10 June 2008, he resigned as Fenerbahçe manager after failing to agree on contract terms.[61]
On 8 September 2008, Zico revealed that he would be interested taking over the vacant managers position atNewcastle United following the resignation of Kevin Keegan. He is quoted saying "The Newcastle job is one that I would be very interested in taking. It would be a privilege and an honour, I've always wanted to experience the Premier League as I believe I could enjoy much success coaching in England."
Less than a week later Zico signed a 2-year contract withOlympiacos.[62][63] Despite the absence of numerous first-team players due to injuries, he led the Greek club to a comfortable 2nd place in Group H of the Champions League, earning the qualification to theknockout stage. In theGreek Superleague his first results were also impressive, but the success lasted only till early winter and the fans started to complain about both the results and the playing style of the team after a Greek cup elimination at the hands of second division sidePanserraikos. On 19 January 2010, after a 0-0 draw against Kavala, Zico was sacked, although his team lost only two times (twelve wins and four draws) in the Greek Superleague.[64][15]
He signed a contract withIraq Football Federation on 28 August 2011 and first managed the national team in a match against Jordan on 2 September 2011. Zico resigned as coach of the Iraqi national team on 27 November 2012 after little more than a year in the post, saying the country's football association had failed to fulfill the terms of his contract. He had ten wins, six draws, and five losses in 21 games with Iraq.
Indian Super League sideFC Goa signed Zico as their coach for the debut season in 2014.[66] Though Goa had a slow start to the season, they ultimately qualified for the semifinals with a game in hand by defeatingChennaiyin FC.[67] In 2015 FC Goa did really well to reach the final. Eventually Goa lost 3–2 to Chennaiyin FC. Zico has been regarded as Goa's new legend among the local fan base. In January 2017, FC Goa confirmed ending their three-year association with Zico. Keeping the logistical challenges of the upcoming season in mind, the two parties amicably came to this decision.
Zico was a director at Kashima Antlers between 1996 and 2002.[68]
On 30 May 2010, it was announced that Zico would become the newFlamengo football director on a four-year deal, coming back to the team where he won his most important honors after 25 years. This comeback, however, lasted only five months as he resigned due to disagreements with the board.
On 10 June 2015, Zico officially announced he would run for theFIFA presidency role after the recent announcement ofSepp Blatter's resignation following the alleged corruption surrounding the winning bids from Russia and Qatar to host the 2018 and 2022 tournaments.
In August 2018, Zico returned to Kashima Antlers as technical director, 16 years after his previous spell as a director at the club.[69]
Zico is the grandson of Fernando Antunes Coimbra (paternal grandfather) and Arthur Ferreira da Costa Silva (maternal grandfather), both Portuguese. His father, José Antunes Coimbra, also Portuguese (b.Tondela, 1901; d. Rio de Janeiro, 1986), came to Brazil aged 10. Zico's mother, Matilde Ferreira da Silva Costa, was born in 1919 but died 16 years after her husband in 2002. Because of his origins, he also holds Portuguese citizenship in addition to his Brazilian one.[70]
Zico was the youngest of six children—Maria José (Zezé), Antunes, Nando,Edu and Antônio (Tonico).
In 1969 Zico met his future wife, Sandra Carvalho de Sá. In 1970 the couple became engaged and married in 1975.[71][72][73] Sandra's sister, Sueli, is Edu's wife. Zico has three sons, Arthur Jr., Bruno and Thiago.[74] Zico is also a member of the legendary squadClassic Eleven from the FIFA video games series. Zico is Roman Catholic.[75] He is a distant relative of the Portuguese footballerEduardo Quaresma.[76]
1 AsHors concours 2Placar started to give this prize to the best grade holder atBola de Prata since 1973. In its 2013 ceremonies, a Bola de Ouro was given to Dirceu Lopes, holder of the best 1971 grade.Francisco Reyes andElías Figueroa, holders of 1970 and 1972 ones respectively, have not been announced as these years' winners yet.
