Zhumadian 驻马店市 Chumatien | |
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 Zhumadian in Henan | |
  Zhumadian Zhumadian (China) Show map of China | |
| Coordinates (Zhumadian municipal government):33°00′50″N114°01′19″E / 33.014°N 114.022°E /33.014; 114.022 | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Henan |
| County-level divisions | 10 |
| Municipal seat | Yicheng District |
| Area | |
| 15,083 km2 (5,824 sq mi) | |
| • Urban | 778 km2 (300 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 1,849 km2 (714 sq mi) |
| Population (2020 census)[2] | |
| 7,008,427 | |
| • Density | 464.66/km2 (1,203.5/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 1,025,543 |
| • Urban density | 1,320/km2 (3,410/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 1,466,913 |
| • Metro density | 793.4/km2 (2,055/sq mi) |
| GDP[3][4] | |
| • Prefecture-level city | CN¥ 197.3 billion US$ 29.7 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 28,305 US$ 4,261 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 463000 |
| Area code | 0396 |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-HA-17 |
| MajorNationalities | Han |
| License plate prefixes | 豫Q |
| Website | zhumadian |
Zhumadian (simplified Chinese:驻马店;traditional Chinese:駐馬店;pinyin:Zhùmǎdiàn;postal: Chumatien) is aprefecture-level city in southernHenanprovince, China. It bordersXinyang to the south,Nanyang to the west,Pingdingshan to the northwest,Luohe to the north,Zhoukou to the northeast, and the province ofAnhui to the east.
As of the2020 Chinese census, its total population was 7,008,427 inhabitants whom 1,466,913 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made ofYicheng District andSuiping County now conurbated.
It was once the center of theCai state during theEastern Zhou era. The state leaves its name in several of the subdivisions includingShangcai County andXincai County.
Theprefecture-level city of Zhumadian administers 1district and 9counties.
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Zhumadian is situated at 32° 18'−33° 35' N latitude, and 113° 10'−115° 12' E longitude, with a maximum east–west width of 191.5 kilometres (119.0 mi), and at most 137.5 kilometres (85.4 mi) long from south to north. The area of the prefecture is 15,083 square kilometres (5,824 sq mi), occupying 8.9% of the total provincial area. Neighbouring prefectures are:
The terrain is dominated by mountains, hills, hillocks, and plains.
Zhumadian has a four-season,monsoon-influencedhumid subtropical climate (KöppenCwa), with cold, somewhat damp, winters, and hot, humid summers. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from 1.5 °C (34.7 °F) in January to 27.3 °C (81.1 °F) in July, while the annual mean is 15.15 °C (59.3 °F). More than 60% of the annual precipitation of 990 mm (39 in) occurs from June to September. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 39% in March to 46% in four months, the city receives 1,927 hours of bright sunshine annually.
| Climate data for Zhumadian, elevation 106 m (348 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1951–present) | |||||||||||||
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| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 21.3 (70.3) | 25.7 (78.3) | 34.2 (93.6) | 35.8 (96.4) | 37.7 (99.9) | 41.0 (105.8) | 41.9 (107.4) | 41.5 (106.7) | 38.8 (101.8) | 34.7 (94.5) | 30.1 (86.2) | 21.7 (71.1) | 41.9 (107.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 6.4 (43.5) | 10.1 (50.2) | 15.4 (59.7) | 22.0 (71.6) | 27.3 (81.1) | 31.3 (88.3) | 32.0 (89.6) | 30.8 (87.4) | 27.1 (80.8) | 22.1 (71.8) | 15.0 (59.0) | 8.7 (47.7) | 20.7 (69.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 1.7 (35.1) | 4.8 (40.6) | 10.0 (50.0) | 16.2 (61.2) | 21.7 (71.1) | 26.0 (78.8) | 27.5 (81.5) | 26.2 (79.2) | 21.8 (71.2) | 16.6 (61.9) | 9.8 (49.6) | 3.9 (39.0) | 15.5 (59.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −2.1 (28.2) | 0.6 (33.1) | 5.2 (41.4) | 10.8 (51.4) | 16.4 (61.5) | 21.1 (70.0) | 23.7 (74.7) | 22.6 (72.7) | 17.7 (63.9) | 12.3 (54.1) | 5.7 (42.3) | 0.1 (32.2) | 11.2 (52.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −18.0 (−0.4) | −18.1 (−0.6) | −10.0 (14.0) | −1.2 (29.8) | 4.4 (39.9) | 10.7 (51.3) | 16.0 (60.8) | 13.9 (57.0) | 7.1 (44.8) | −1.5 (29.3) | −8.7 (16.3) | −14.8 (5.4) | −18.1 (−0.6) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 24.1 (0.95) | 25.7 (1.01) | 45.0 (1.77) | 54.8 (2.16) | 87.9 (3.46) | 127.6 (5.02) | 202.8 (7.98) | 137.7 (5.42) | 97.5 (3.84) | 60.6 (2.39) | 41.0 (1.61) | 20.1 (0.79) | 924.8 (36.4) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 5.7 | 6.7 | 7.2 | 7.4 | 9.6 | 8.5 | 12.0 | 11.2 | 9.4 | 7.8 | 6.8 | 5.3 | 97.6 |
| Average snowy days | 4.9 | 3.5 | 1.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.9 | 2.6 | 13.1 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 67 | 67 | 67 | 67 | 66 | 68 | 79 | 82 | 77 | 70 | 69 | 67 | 71 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 116.6 | 118.9 | 150.8 | 176.2 | 184.0 | 166.3 | 165.4 | 153.1 | 141.0 | 140.8 | 131.8 | 128.6 | 1,773.5 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 37 | 38 | 40 | 45 | 43 | 39 | 38 | 37 | 38 | 41 | 42 | 42 | 40 |
| Source:China Meteorological Administration[5][6][7] | |||||||||||||
Mainlywheat,maize,peanut,sesame,green beans andtobacco are grown.
Zhumadian has a rich cultural history and the birthplace of many great people in ancient times.[citation needed] There is an old site ofLiang Shanbo andZhu Yingtai who are the characters inthe Butterfly Lovers, a famous Chinese story.
Zhumadian is the location ofMount Chaya, a major geological site of interest and tourist attraction.[8]
People from Henan have been negatively stereotyped, with Zhumadian being singled out as the supposed base of scamming.[9] This may have originated from the aftermath of the1975 Banqiao Dam collapse, when locals affected by the disaster eventually become the first large batch of migrant workers to go to Guangdong. Most of these workers had little education and lived together in impoverished communities, leading to a negative perception of Zhumadian people.[10] A popular quote going around was:[9]
Zhumadian has 62 differentdams includingBanqiao Dam within its territory. The failure of the Banqiao andShimantan Dams in 1975, which caused more than 150,000 casualties and made more than 10 million people homeless, is considered the biggest catastrophe of its kind.
One of the Chinese main highways,China National Highway 107, runs through Zhumadian. Zhumadian also has its own transportation system. The oldGolden Decade-builtZhumadian Aerodrome primarily served military operations from 1931 until late-2018, when it was converted for commercial passenger airliner use as well.
According to theSeventh National Census in 2020, the city's Permanent Population (hukou) was 7,008,427.[11] The population was 49.57% male and 50.43% female. In terms of age structure, 25.1% were aged from 0 to 14, 55.1% were aged from 15 to 59, 19.8% were over 60, and 15.72% were over 65.
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