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Zaraysk Зарайск | |
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.png) Flag  Coat of arms | |
Location of Zaraysk  | |
  Zaraysk Location of Zaraysk Show map of Russia Zaraysk Zaraysk (Moscow Oblast) Show map of Moscow Oblast | |
| Coordinates:54°46′N38°53′E / 54.767°N 38.883°E /54.767; 38.883 | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Moscow Oblast[1] |
| Administrative district | Zaraysky District[1] |
| Town | Zaraysk[1] |
| First mentioned | 1146 |
| Town status since | 1778 |
| Government | |
| • Body | Council of Deputies[2] |
| Area | |
• Total | 20.5 km2 (7.9 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 160 m (520 ft) |
| Population | |
• Total | 24,645 |
| • Density | 1,200/km2 (3,100/sq mi) |
| • Capital of | Zaraysky District,[1] Town of Zaraysk[1] |
| • Municipal district | Zaraysky Municipal District[4] |
| • Urban settlement | Zaraysk Urban Settlement[4] |
| • Capital of | Zaraysky Municipal District,[4] Zaraysk Urban Settlement[4] |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK  [5]) |
| Postal code(s)[6] | 140600–140603 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 49666 |
| OKTMO ID | 46616101001 |
| Website | zarrayon |
Zaraysk (Russian:Зара́йск) is atown and theadministrative center ofZaraysky District inMoscow Oblast,Russia, located about 162 kilometers (101 mi) southeast fromMoscow.
The town stands on the right bank of theOsyotr River, which is a right confluent of theOka.
In theMiddle Ages, the town belonged to the Princes ofRyazan and was known asKrasnoye (13th century) andNovogorodok-upon-the-Osyotr (14th and 15th centuries). From 1528 onwards, the town was called "the town of Nikola Zarazsky" and only by the beginning of 17th century it received its present name of Zaraysk. Before the 20th century, the town was a part ofRyazan Governorate and its architecture and vernacular dialect seem closer to Ryazan than to Moscow.[7]
In theGrand Duchy of Moscow, Zaraysk was one of the fortresses forming a part of theGreat Abatis Border, a fortified line of felled trees, barricades, fortresses, ditches, which were built by Russians as a protection against the hordes of the Crimean and KazanTatars. In 1531,a stone kremlin was built in place of the former wooden citadel. The Tatars failed to take the fortress during their raids in 1533, 1541, and 1570. It was briefly captured by theLisowczycy during theTime of Troubles.
The brick-and-limestone kremlin in Zaraysk still stands and is kept in a rather good condition. The citadel is very small and has a rectangular shape, with only six towers, two of which are pierced by the gates.
Within theframework of administrative divisions, Zaraysk serves as theadministrative center ofZaraysky District.[1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Zaraysky District as theTown of Zaraysk.[1] As amunicipal division, the Town of Zaraysk is incorporated within Zaraysky Municipal District asZaraysk Urban Settlement.[4]
Zaraysk is an industrial center of the district, with printing, building materials, foodstuff, and footwear industries.
There is a bus line from Moscow; the journey time is 2:30 at 2024.[8]
Zaraysk has a freight railway branch from Lukhovitsy to Zaraysk.[9] It was built almost immediately after the construction of the main line through Lukhovitsy, in 1870. Passenger service was closed in 1969. In the 2020s, the line still used for occasional freight trains.[citation needed]
The main tourist attraction is a traditional Russian citadel known as theZaraysk Kremlin. There are five churches in Zaraysk, the oldest of which is St. Nicholas Cathedral, consecrated in 1681. The downtown also has a traditional covered market, orGostiny Dvor.
Near the Kremlin wall is anUpper Paleolithic site associated with theGravettian culture. It first attracted attention when a bison figurine dated 22000 BP was found there.[10] By 2008, many otherartefacts were found, including:[11][12]
