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Zakhring language

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Unclassified language spoken in India
Not to be confused withZaiwa language.
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This article'slead sectionmay be too short to adequatelysummarize the key points. Please consider expanding the lead toprovide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article.(October 2024)
Zakhring
Meyor
Native toIndia
RegionArunachal
EthnicityZekhring people
Native speakers
1000 (2007)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3zkr
Glottologzakh1243
ELPZakhring
Zakhring is classified as Definitely Endangered by theUNESCOAtlas of the World's Languages in Danger.

Zahkring (also Eastern Mishmi or Zaiwa; known asMeyor in India andZha (Zhahua 扎话) in China) is a language ofArunachal Pradesh and 3 villages in Tibet.[2]

Classification

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Zakhring has been classified as aMidzuish language.[3] Blench and Post (2011) consider Zakhring to be anEast Bodish language that has been influenced byMidzu (which they classify as alanguage isolate) or other divergent languages of the region.[4] In 2015, Blench suggests that Zakhring may be a language isolate.[5] Blench argues that Zakhring had borrowed heavily from Midzu andTibetic, and then later borrowed fromNaga languages and Jingpho as well.

Scott DeLancey (2015)[6] considers Meyor to be part of a widerCentral Tibeto-Burman group.

Names

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Li and Jiang (2001)[2] reports that the Zakhring have no actual autonym, but are referred to by the neighboringTaraon,Kaman language,Idu, and Tibetan peoples by various names.

  • tɕa31kʰreŋ55 (Taraon exonym)
  • tɕa31kʰɹɯn55 (Kaman exonym)
  • tsa35tɕoŋ55 (Tibetan exonym)
  • mi31si55pu53 (Idu exonym; the Idu are located in Upper Zayü Township, 上察隅乡)

According to Li and Jiang (2001), the Kaman exonym for the Tibetan people ofBomi County (波密县) issi31dut55pu55. The Taraon refer to the Tibetans asla31ma35, while the Kaman refer to the Tibetans asde31loŋ55.

Distribution

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In China, Zakhring is spoken in Songgu (松古村), Lading (拉丁村), and Tama (塔玛村) villages in Lower Zayü Township (下察隅乡),Zayü County (察隅县),Tibet.[2]

In India, Meyor communities are found in the following 15 villages of Kibthoo Circle and Walong Circle ofAnjaw District,Arunachal Pradesh. The total population of the villages numbered 376 as of May 2001.[7]

  • Kibthoo Circle
    • Kahao
    • Mosai
    • Danbari
    • Kundan
    • Khroti
    • Yaikung
    • Bara Kundan
    • Kunjuk
  • Walong Circle
    • Walong
    • Tinai
    • Dong
    • Tilam
    • Sapkung
    • Pangung

See also

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References

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  1. ^Zakhring atEthnologue (25th ed., 2022)Closed access icon
  2. ^abcLi, Daqin 李大勤; Jiang, Huo 江获 (2001)."Zhāhuà gàikuàng"扎话概况 [A Sketch of Zha].Mínzú yǔwén民族语文 (in Chinese).2001 (6):61–75. Archived fromthe original on 2021-11-06. Retrieved2021-11-05.
  3. ^Van Driem, George (2001).Languages of the Himalayas: An Ethnolinguistic Handbook of the Greater Himalayan Region. Leiden: Brill.ISBN 90-04-10390-2.
  4. ^Blench, Roger; Post, Mark (2011)."(De)classifying Arunachal Languages: Reconstructing the Evidence"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 2013-05-26. Retrieved2012-10-30 – via rogerblench.info.
  5. ^Blench, Roger (2015)."The Classification of Meyor (Zakhring)" – via Academia.edu.
  6. ^DeLancey, Scott (2015). "Morphological Evidence for a Central Branch of Trans-Himalayan (Sino-Tibetan)".Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale.44 (2):122–149.doi:10.1163/19606028-00442p02.
  7. ^Landi (2005), p. 1
  • Landi, Victor (2005).The Meyors and Their Language. Itanagar: Directorate of Research, Arunachal Pradesh Government.
Sino-Tibetan branches
WesternHimalayas (Himachal,
Uttarakhand,Nepal,Sikkim)
Greater Magaric
Map of Sino-Tibetan languages
EasternHimalayas
(Tibet,Bhutan,Arunachal)
Myanmar and Indo-
Burmese border
Naga
Sal
East andSoutheast Asia
Burmo-Qiangic
Dubious (possible
isolates,Arunachal)
Greater Siangic
Proposed groupings
Proto-languages
Italics indicates single languages that are also considered to be separate branches.
Greater Siangic
Northern Mishmi
Siangic
Hrusish
Mijiic
Kho-Bwa
Puroik
Bugun
Western
Southern Mishmi
Authority control databases: NationalEdit this at Wikidata
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