Yingiya Mark Guyula | |
|---|---|
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| Member of theNorthern Territory Legislative Assembly forMulka | |
| Assumed office 22 August 2020 | |
| Preceded by | New seat |
| Member of theNorthern Territory Legislative Assembly forNhulunbuy | |
| In office 27 August 2016 – 22 August 2020 | |
| Preceded by | Lynne Walker |
| Succeeded by | Seat abolished |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Mirrngadja, Northern Territory, Australia |
| Political party | Independent |
| Occupation |
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| Website | yingiya |
Yingiya Mark Guyula (Aboriginal pronunciation:[jiŋijaɡʊjula]) is an Australian politician and aYolŋu man of theDjambarrpuyŋu clan and the Liya-Dhälinymirr people. He is an independent member of theNorthern Territory Legislative Assembly for the seat ofMulka in north-eastArnhem Land. He previously representedNhulunbuy from 2016 to 2020. He is the only independentIndigenous member of parliament in theNorthern Territory and campaigned on a platform of self-determination for Yolŋu people.
Guyula was born and raised inMirrngadja inArnhem Land where he lived on his country with his family and extended kin learning a Yolŋu way of life. At the age of 10 he began a western education at Shepherdson College on Elcho Island and later went on to attend Dhulpuma College and the Nhulunbuy Area School. He then returned home to his family for a time before moving to Nhulunbuy to work with MAF (Mission Aviation Fellowship), being trained in aircraft maintenance and engineering. Eventually he trained as a pilot in Victoria and became the first Yolŋu commercial pilot for the region in 1983.[1]
Guyula went on to work incross-cultural education, holding various roles in local schools, regional councils and community organisations.[1] He is also aNAATI-accredited interpreter and worked as a senior lecturer atCharles Darwin University in itsYolŋu Studies program for many years.[2]
In 2016 he announced his candidacy for the2016 Northern Territory election. Up against the incumbentLabor member forNhulunbuy and Deputy Leader of the Opposition,Lynne Walker, he campaigned on a platform of self-determination and Treaty between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians, in preference to the proposal for recognition of Indigenous Australians in theConstitution of Australia.[3] As returns came in on election night, Guyula gradually closed the gap with Walker, and eventually took a narrow lead asCountry Liberal preferences flowed overwhelmingly to him. After a recount, he won by eight votes.[4] His victory came as a major upset, especially given Labor's landslide victory at that election; Walker would have become Deputy Chief Minister had she retained her seat.
Shortly after the election, Guyula attracted criticism from the new Chief Minister,Michael Gunner after he claimed with regards to domestic violence that "a lot of the time, women start the fighting and men end up in jail".[5] Guyula has since said that many young people need support to build strong relationships, and that violence against women is not lawful in Yolngu culture, "As a senior leader, I need to be clear: the family violence we are seeing in our communities is not lawful – it is breaking the law".[6]
Shortly before being sworn into parliament, it was claimed that Guyula was a member of the Milingimbi Local Authority, and thus could be ineligible to run for parliament. The matter was referred to theCourt of Disputed Returns.[7] The court dismissed the case on 1 December 2016, after reaching an agreement with theNorthern Territory Electoral Commission.[8]
In early 2017 Guyula usedparliamentary privilege to name nine children taken into care by the Northern Territory Government, who he alleged had been removed from their communities, contravening the principles of kinship care. Naming children in state care outside parliament is a criminal offence carrying a maximum two-year sentence of imprisonment.[9] The names of the children were subsequently removed fromHansard. Guyula defended his actions tellingNITV that "I had to name nine children according to our law, Indigenous law... The NT government are not following the law. They broke their own law".[10] Although strongly criticising his actions,[11] the NT Children's Commissioner remarked that she too was concerned not enough was being done to find out if Aboriginal children could be safely placed closer to home.[12]
After nearly three years of requesting that Standing Orders be amended so that he could speak hisfirst language ofDjambarrpuyŋu, he became the first parliamentarian in Australia to make a substantial speech in an Aboriginal language using an interpreter on the Chamber floor.[13] In this speech he criticised successiveCLP and Labor governments for dismantling bi-lingual and culturally appropriate education, and for failing remote Aboriginal communities.[14]
At the 2018Garma Festival he presentedPrince Charles with a traditional letter stick that asserted ongoing Yolŋu sovereignty and requested that Prince Charles mediate with the Federal Government to acknowledge Yolŋu sovereignty and promote a pathway toTreaty.[15] In that same year Guyula travelled toNew York to speak at theUnited Nations's Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues to advocate for stronger international pressure on the Australian and Northern Territory governments to recognise Yolŋu sovereignty, to enter into treaty negotiations directly with Indigenous nations and to support their rights to bi-lingual education.[16]
In 2019, Guyula introduced a motion to parliament calling for a parliamentary committee to inquire into policing on Aboriginal land to build better relationships between communities and police, and to empower elders to uphold their cultural authority.[17] Prior to this, it had been revealed by Guyula's questioning that 100% of children in detention in the NT are Indigenous.[18]
Guyula led opposition to the NT Government's proposed Burial and Cremations Bill in 2019, which could have seen Aboriginal people fined tens of thousands of dollars or imprisoned for up to two years for conducting traditional ceremonies as they are outside of government recognised cemeteries. Following his opposition, which was backed by Aboriginal land councils and justice agencies, the government withdrew the bill. Guyula remarked that governments are not listening to or respecting Aboriginal people and sovereignty; "I want to have a Government that is genuine about local decision-making and handing control back to the people. We shouldn’t have to fight for the livelihood of our culture. It should be a partnership".[19]
Guyula was reelected at the2020 general election in a head-to-head rematch with Walker for the newly-created seat ofMulka which replaced Nhulunbuy at that election. He picked up a 4.9-point swing in his favour.[20]
Guyula was one of four MLAs who opposed a bill that decriminalisedabortion in the Northern Territory.[21]
During his time in parliament, Guyula has advocated for policies and programs that respect and work with Yolŋu law, culture and language.
Guyula is opposed tofracking in the Northern Territory and has stated his support for the development of therenewable energy industry. He has said in parliament in relation to the NT Government's decision to lift the moratorium on fracking that, "Strong action on climate change means that we do not support fracking and we move towards renewable energy.[22]
Although largely elected by the bush vote, which is made up of predominantlyAboriginal communities andhomelands (outstations), Guyula has also advocated for issues that affect the mining town and service hub of Nhulunbuy, from which the first electorate he represented takes its name. This includes on issues such as the high cost of living, travel and services in and around the town. Guyula has also repeatedly criticised the NT and federal governments, along with telecommunications providerTelstra, for their poor record of service to the town and surrounding region, claiming it is part of a broader neglect of remote towns and communities.[23]
Guyla has been and advocate for Indigenous nation's rights to culturaleducation,[14] and has campaigned for better relations between Indigenous people andlaw enforcement, and the over-imprisonment ofAboriginal persons.[17][18]
| Northern Territory Legislative Assembly | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by | Member forNhulunbuy 2016–2020 | Seat abolished |
| New seat | Member forMulka 2020–present | Incumbent |