Yibin 宜宾市 | |
|---|---|
 View of Yibin from Cuiping Mountain | |
 Location of Yibin City (jurisdiction) in Sichuan | |
  Yibin Location in Southwest China Show map of Southwest China Yibin Yibin (China) Show map of China | |
| Coordinates (Yibin municipal government):28°45′07″N104°38′35″E / 28.752°N 104.643°E /28.752; 104.643 | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Sichuan |
| Municipal seat | Xuzhou District |
| Area | |
| 13,293.89 km2 (5,132.80 sq mi) | |
| • Urban | 80 km2 (31 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 1,131 km2 (437 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 321 m (1,053 ft) |
| Population (2020 census)[2] | |
| 4,588,804 | |
| • Density | 345.1814/km2 (894.0158/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 2,158,312 |
| • Urban density | 27,000/km2 (70,000/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 2,158,312 |
| • Metro density | 1,908/km2 (4,943/sq mi) |
| GDP[3] | |
| • Prefecture-level city | CN¥ 152.6 billion US$ 24.5 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 34,060 US$ 5,469 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 644000 |
| Area code | 0831 |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-SC-15 |
| Licence Plate Prefix | 川Q |
| Website | yibin |
Yibin (simplified Chinese:宜宾;traditional Chinese:宜賓;pinyin:Yíbīn;Wade–Giles:I-pin;Sichuanese Pinyin: ȵi2bin1;Sichuanese pronunciation:[ɲi˨˩pin˥]) is aprefecture-level city in the southeastern part ofSichuan province, China, located at the junction of theMin andYangtze Rivers. Its population was 4,588,804 inhabitants, according to the 2020 census, of whom 2,158,312 lived in the built-up area comprising three urban districts.
Human habitation of Yibin dates back at least 4,000 years. At that time, this place was one of the important birthplaces of ancientBashu culture. Yibin was established as a county in theHan dynasty (206 BC − AD 220). Under theMing andQing, the town and its hinterland was known asXuzhouCommandery (叙州府;敘州府;Xùzhōufǔ), which was variously romanized asSuifu,[4]Suifoo,[citation needed]Xufu, andSuchow.[5] In 1907, its population was estimated to be 50,000.[6]
Yibin is located in the southeast portion of Sichuan at the southern end of theSichuan Basin, borderingZhaotong (Yunnan) to the south,Luzhou to the east,Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture andLeshan to the west, andZigong to the north, and has a total area is 13,283 square kilometres (5,129 sq mi). The city ranges in latitude from 27° 50'−29° 16' N, and in longitude from 103° 36'−105° 20' E, stretching 153 km (95 mi) east-west and 150 km (93 mi) north-south.
The city is located at the confluence of the Min and Yangtze Rivers. Above Yibin, the Yangtze is also known as theJinsha River. Below Yibin, the Yangtze is known in Chinese as theChang Jiang or "Long River."
As with the rest of the Sichuan Basin, Yibin has amonsoon-influencedhumid subtropical climate (KöppenCwa) with high humidity year-round; winters are short and mild while summers are long, hot, and humid. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from 7.9 °C (46.2 °F) in January to 26.9 °C (80.4 °F) in July and August; the annual mean is 18.03 °C (64.5 °F). Despite its location in the Yangtze River valley, it is still 1.5 to 2.0 °C (2.7 to 3.6 °F) cooler thanChongqing, located further downstream, in its warmest months. Frost is uncommon and the frost-free period lasts 347 days.[7] Rainfall is common year-round but is the greatest in July and August, with very little of it in the cooler months. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 10% in December and January to 42% in August, the city receives only 1,018 hours of bright sunshine annually; Yibin has one of the lowest annual sunshine totals nationally, lower than even nearby Chengdu and Chongqing. Spring (March–April) tends to be sunnier and warmer in the day than autumn (October–November). Extremes in Yibin since 1951 have ranged from −3.0 °C (26.6 °F) on January 3, 1962 to 42.2 °C (108.0 °F) on August 25, 2022.
| Climate data for Yibin, elevation 341 m (1,119 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1951–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 19.8 (67.6) | 26.2 (79.2) | 33.2 (91.8) | 35.2 (95.4) | 37.4 (99.3) | 37.8 (100.0) | 39.3 (102.7) | 42.2 (108.0) | 38.6 (101.5) | 32.9 (91.2) | 26.8 (80.2) | 21.6 (70.9) | 42.2 (108.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 10.5 (50.9) | 13.7 (56.7) | 18.5 (65.3) | 24.2 (75.6) | 27.6 (81.7) | 29.3 (84.7) | 32.1 (89.8) | 31.8 (89.2) | 27.3 (81.1) | 21.9 (71.4) | 17.6 (63.7) | 12.0 (53.6) | 22.2 (72.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 7.8 (46.0) | 10.4 (50.7) | 14.3 (57.7) | 19.4 (66.9) | 22.9 (73.2) | 24.9 (76.8) | 27.4 (81.3) | 27.0 (80.6) | 23.4 (74.1) | 18.7 (65.7) | 14.5 (58.1) | 9.4 (48.9) | 18.3 (65.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 6.0 (42.8) | 8.1 (46.6) | 11.5 (52.7) | 16.0 (60.8) | 19.4 (66.9) | 21.9 (71.4) | 24.1 (75.4) | 23.7 (74.7) | 20.8 (69.4) | 16.7 (62.1) | 12.5 (54.5) | 7.7 (45.9) | 15.7 (60.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −3.0 (26.6) | −0.2 (31.6) | 1.1 (34.0) | 2.2 (36.0) | 10.3 (50.5) | 14.7 (58.5) | 18.0 (64.4) | 16.6 (61.9) | 12.1 (53.8) | 5.9 (42.6) | 3.4 (38.1) | −1.4 (29.5) | −3.0 (26.6) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 18.8 (0.74) | 21.5 (0.85) | 35.1 (1.38) | 63.3 (2.49) | 85.9 (3.38) | 154.8 (6.09) | 185.3 (7.30) | 184.2 (7.25) | 116.1 (4.57) | 64.1 (2.52) | 28.7 (1.13) | 18.4 (0.72) | 976.2 (38.42) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 11.6 | 10.1 | 12.5 | 13.7 | 14.0 | 16.5 | 13.1 | 13.4 | 14.8 | 17.0 | 11.2 | 10.8 | 158.7 |
| Average snowy days | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.6 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 83 | 79 | 75 | 73 | 72 | 78 | 78 | 78 | 81 | 83 | 82 | 83 | 79 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 26.9 | 38.2 | 73.3 | 106.6 | 112.5 | 92.0 | 133.5 | 139.8 | 77.5 | 44.1 | 38.2 | 28.0 | 910.6 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 8 | 12 | 20 | 27 | 27 | 22 | 32 | 35 | 21 | 13 | 12 | 9 | 20 |
| Source 1:China Meteorological Administration[8][9] all-time extreme temperature[10][11]NOAA[12] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Weather China[7] | |||||||||||||
| Map | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2010) | Area (km2) | Density (/km2) |
| Cuiping District | 翠屏区 | Cuìpíng Qū | 836,383 | 1,123 | 745 |
| Nanxi District | 南溪区 | Nánxī Qū | 335,805 | 704 | 477 |
| Xuzhou District | 叙州区 | Xùzhōu Qū | 813,057 | 3,034 | 268 |
| Jiang'an County | 江安县 | Jiāng'ān Xiàn | 399,829 | 910 | 439 |
| Changning County | 长宁县 | Chángníng Xiàn | 340,016 | 975 | 349 |
| Gao County | 高县 | Gāo Xiàn | 411,118 | 1,323 | 310 |
| Junlian County | 筠连县 | Jūnlián Xiàn | 329,056 | 1,254 | 262 |
| Gong County | 珙县 | Gǒng Xiàn | 379,798 | 1,150 | 330 |
| Xingwen County | 兴文县 | Xīngwén Xiàn | 377,162 | 1,373 | 275 |
| Pingshan County | 屏山县 | Píngshān Xiàn | 249,777 | 1,437 | 174 |
The city's industry focuses on electronics, food products, and power generation. It also produces paper, silk, and leather products. The surrounding region is rich in agricultural resources, growing rice, barley, oil seeds, sesame, and tea.
The largest employer in Yibin isWuliangye Yibin, a company best known for Wuliangye, a brand ofsorghum-baseddistilled spirits known asbaijiu. The Wuliangye Group grew from a small company employing just 300 people in 1977 into a large company employing over 20,000 on a seven-square-kilometer plant. According to an August 2005 article in a securities weekly, the Wuliangye Group is 72% state-owned and provides 70% of the revenues of Yibin City, a major regional center at the head of the Yangtze in southeastern Sichuan. In 2004 6,225 retired military worked for the company, out of a total work force of over 20,000. A third of top management positions are held by retired members of the military.[13] Unsuccessful efforts to diversify its business, poor transparency and a murky ownership pictures are among the company's problems today.[14]
There are several notable education institutes, includingYibin University, also known as Yiyuan, which offers a range of academic programs in a picturesque setting inCuiping, Yibin. The university is known for providing a secure academic environment. Yibin Vocational and Technical College, held by the Yibin Municipal People's Government, is another prominent institute offering vocational and technical programs to equip students with practical skills.
Yibin has also built a university town
1. Sichuan University of Science and Technology, Yibin Campus
2. Xihua University, Yibin Campus[15]
3. Chengdu University of Technology, Yibin Campus[16]
4. Sichuan University, Yibin Campus
The region's natural waterways provide transportation links with the surrounding area, and Yibin is also connected toChongqing andChengdu by rail and express highway. Yibin's proximity to the Yunnan and Guizhou borders also means that transportation to the provinces is available by rail and by bus.
Yibin has threebridges over theChang Jiang section of the Yangtze and tenbridges over the Jinsha.
Yibin Wuliangye Airport offers flights toBeijing,Guangzhou,Guiyang,Hangzhou,Kunming,Lhasa,Sanya,Shanghai,Shenzhen,Xi'an, andYichang.
Yibin opened the world's secondAutonomous Rail Rapid Transit/"trackless tram" system in December 2019.
| Line | System | Locale | Length | Stations | Opened |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Line T1 | Yibin ART[17] | Yibin | 17.7 km (11.0 mi)[18] | 17 | 2019-12-05 |
Yibin T1 ART line | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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There are several hot springs near Yibin, plus many other tourist attractions. Such attractions include the Bamboo Sea in Changning County[19] and the Xingwen Stone Forest.[20] Yibin is also the confluence of theMin andJinsha Rivers, which together form theChang Jiang as theYangtze River is known in Chinese, from Yibin to Shanghai. Cuiping Mountain Park[21] (翠屏山公园;Cuìpíng Shān Gōngyuán), located west of the confluence of those two rivers, provides views of downtown Yibin.Yibin Junlian also has a new attraction located in Xunsi Town, Junlian County, called the Southern Silk Road Never Sleeps City.（南丝绸之路不夜城）[22]
Yibin Burning Noodles（宜宾燃面[23]）Lizhuang White Meat（李庄白肉）[24] Junlian Peppercorn Chicken（筠连椒麻鸡）[25]
Grape Well Cold Cake（葡萄井凉糕）[26] Gaoxian Hotpot（高县土火锅[27]）Nanxi Dried Tofu（南溪豆腐干）[28] Hongqiao Pig Cake（红桥猪儿粑）
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