"Kerkinitis" redirects here; not to be confused withKerkini.
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The first recorded settlement in the area, calledKerkinitis (Κερκινίτις), was built byGreek colonists around 500 BCE. Along with the rest of the Crimea, Kerkinitis formed part of the dominions of KingMithridates VI Eupator (r. 120–63 BCE). The name of the modern city derives from his nickname,Eupator ('of a noble father').
Khanate period
From roughly the 7th through the 10th centuries, Yevpatoria was aKhazar settlement; its name inKhazar language was probablyGüzliev (literally 'beautiful house').[2] It was later subject to theCumans (Kipchaks), theMongols, and theCrimean Khanate. During this period the city was calledKezlev byCrimean Tatars andGözleve byOttoman Turks. The Russian medieval nameKozlov is aRussification of the Crimean Tatar name. For a short period between 1478 and 1485, the city was administered by theOttoman Empire. Afterward, it became an important urban center of theCrimean Khanate.
The 400-year-oldJuma-Jami Mosque is one of the many designed by the Ottoman architectMimar Sinan. It was built in 1552-1564. 35-metre minarets rose on the flanks of the building. The mosque was of great state significance. It was here that a ceremony of the declaration of rights of the Crimean Khans was held at their enthronement. Only after that did they go to their capital, the city ofBakhchysarai.
Yevpatoria became a residence of the spiritual ruler of theCrimean Karaites, theḤakham. In this connection, a complex of two prayer houses was built under the supervision of the Rabovich brothers, in which the Renaissance and Muslim architectural styles entwined in a most unusual manner. The ensemble organically incorporates three courtyards. The entrance to it is marked by gates, built in 1900, which look like a refined triumphal arch.
In 1783, along with the rest of Crimea, Kezlev was captured by theRussian Empire. Its name was officially changed toYevpatoriya in 1784. This spelling of the city name came to the French, German, Spanish, and English languages at the end of the 18th сentury.
The city was occupied in September 1854 by British, French and Turkish troops during theCrimean War prior to the Allied landing in Kalamita Bay, after which the Battle of the Alma south of the bay followed. It became agarrison of Ottoman troops later during the war and was the site of theBattle of Eupatoria in February 1855, which was the largest military clash in the Crimean theatre outside theSevastopol area.
Soviet rule
Hydro-massage on Lake Moynaki
Natural factors at Yevpatoria created beneficial conditions for the treatment of osteoarticulartuberculosis and other children's diseases; in 1933, at a scientific conference in Yalta, it was agreed that among Sovietresort towns for the organization of children's resorts, most people approved Yevpatoria. In 1936, theSoviet government placed the All-Union children's resort in Yevpatoria. In 1938, the approved plan of a general reconstruction of the city.
During World War II,sanatoriums were used asmilitary hospitals. By 1 July 1945, Yevpatoria operated 14 sanatoriums, and have taken 2,885 people. By the 1980s, the city operated 78 sanatoriums for 33 thousand people.
Independent Ukraine and Russian annexation
This section needs to beupdated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.(January 2024)
Two beaches in Yevpatoria have beenBlue Flag beaches since May 2010, these were the first beaches (with two beaches inYalta) to be awarded a Blue Flag in aCIS member state.[8]
In 2014 due to the military operation of theRussian Armed forces, the city of Yevpatoria was occupied byRussia along with the entire Crimean peninsula. The UN General Assembly condemned theRussian operation and considered the annexationthe temporary occupation of part of the territory of Ukraine—the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the City of Sevastopol.[9]
Yevpatoria has spas of mineral water, salt, and mud lakes. These resorts belong to a vast area with curative facilities where the main health-improving factors are the sunshine and sea, air and sand, brine and mud of the salt lakes, as well as the mineral water of the hot springs. The curative qualities of the local mud was witnessed by the manuscripts ofPliny the Elder, a Roman scholar (c. 80 BC).
AO Vympel NPO (MicroElectronics and Electronics, circuits microchips IC, Electrical parts, connectors, optoelectronics television and other devices and machinery, metallurgy engineering technology)
Eupatoria Aircraft Plant and Repair EupAZEARZ (An, Mi, Ka, Su, MiG, Yak, Il, Be, Tu; An-22, Su-25, MiG-31, Yak-38, Be-12, transport aircraft and amphibious)
Asteroid number 6489 has the name Golevka, which has a complicated origin. In 1995, Golevka was studied simultaneously by threeradar observatories across the world:Goldstone inCalifornia,Eupatoria RT-70 radio telescope (Yevpatoriya is sometimesromanized asEvpatoria orEupatoria (Russian origin), andKashima inJapan. 'Gol-Ev-Ka' comes from the first few letters of each observatory's name; it was proposed by the discoverer following a suggestion byAlexander L. Zaitsev.
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