You can helpexpand this article with text translated fromthe corresponding article in Russian. (July 2025)Click [show] for important translation instructions.
View a machine-translated version of the Russian article.
Machine translation, likeDeepL orGoogle Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.
Consideradding a topic to this template: there are already 1,017 articles in themain category, and specifying|topic= will aid in categorization.
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
Youmust providecopyright attribution in theedit summary accompanying your translation by providing aninterlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary isContent in this edit is translated from the existing Russian Wikipedia article at [[:ru:Йеменская социалистическая партия]]; see its history for attribution.
You may also add the template{{Translated|ru|Йеменская социалистическая партия}} to thetalk page.
The British declared astate of emergency and tried to hold on to Aden for years, but eventuallywithdrew in 1967, marking the birth of the independentPeople's Republic of Southern Yemen (which later became known as the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen or just South Yemen).
The main groups leading the uprising were theFront for the Liberation of Occupied South Yemen (or FLOSY) and theNational Liberation Front (or NLF). A power struggle ensued between the two, with the NLF eventually winning. In 1968, in what was known as a "Corrective Move," the NLF was purged of allNasserist elements,[10][11] after which South Yemen officially became aMarxist-Leninist state. The NLF then renamed itself simply the "National Front" and in 1978 became the Yemeni Socialist Party.[12] All other political parties were amalgamated into the Yemeni Socialist Party too, which became the only legal party.
The emblem of the Yemeni Socialist party from 1978 to 1994
South Yemeni students marching during the communist demonstrations
In power, the YSP was beset by internal divisions. In 1980 Ismail was replaced asPresident of South Yemen byAli Nasir Muhammad, who was a more moderate and conciliatory leader compared to the pro-Soviet leftism of Ismail. He sought to improve relations with South Yemen's Arab neighbours and the West. Conflict between the two factions led to theSouth Yemen Civil War in 1986 which led to the death of Abdul Fattah Ismail, although his allyAli Salem al-Beidh took control of the party, while the more moderateHaidar Abu Bakr al-Attas became president. Al-Beidh and al-Attas would occupy positions in the government of a reunified Yemen until the1994 civil war.Parliamentary elections were held in October 1986, and although the YSP remained the sole legal party, independent candidates were allowed to contest the elections, winning 40 of the 111 seats, with the YSP winning the other 71.
Surviving many upheavals and civil strife in Yemen, the collapse of the Soviet Union, and the crisis of international socialism, the YSP was instrumental in achieving Yemeni unity and the establishment of multi-party democracy in the Republic of Yemen in May 1990.[15] In thefirst parliamentary elections in unified Yemen in 1993, the YSP won 56 of the 301 seats, finishing third behind theGeneral People's Congress (GPC) andal-Islah. The three parties subsequently formed a coalition government.[16]
Following the1994 civil war the party's infrastructure and resources were confiscated by the GPC government and its cadres and members were regularly subjected to unwarranted arrests and torture. It boycotted the1997 parliamentary elections,[16] and was unable to nominate a candidate for the1999 presidential elections, as any potential candidate required the backing of 31 MPs. In 2002 it was one of five parties to form theJoint Meeting Parties opposition alliance,[16] it returned to contest the2003 parliamentary elections, it received only 3.8% of the popular vote and won eight seats.[17]
Following the outbreak of theYemeni Civil War, the party split into two factions; one remained in Yemen and labelled itself the "YSP – Anti-Aggression" and declared its loyalty to theHouthis and their leaderAbd al-Malik al-Houthi, while much of the party's leadership, including Abdulrahman al-Saqqaf and Yasin Said Numan, went into exile in Riyadh and backed the government ofAbdrabbuh Mansour Hadi. After the split, the "Anti-Aggression" faction issued statements that they consider the leadership in Riyadh to have been expelled from the party for of their support of theSaudi-led intervention in Yemen, calling for their punishment as a result.[19][20]
The "Anti-Aggression" faction declared its opposition to theSaudi-led coalition, vowing to aid the Houthis in defeating it.[21] Notably, this faction of the YSP actively helped facilitate theHouthi entry into Ta'izz during the battle for the city, one of the YSP's historic centers.[22] In 2016, it denounced the United Nations for removing Saudi Arabia from the list of countries responsible for harming children.[23] They also condemned theTrump administration's decision to designate the Houthis as a terrorist group.[24]
The pro-Coalition faction of the YSP led by Abdulrahman al-Saqqaf was given two ministers in the Yemeni cabinet following theRiyadh Agreement.[25] In 2018, they condemned theSTC takeover of Aden and affirmed their support for Hadi's government, calling on Saudi Arabia to intervene in order to reverse the situation.[26][27] They have, however, also criticized Hadi's government at times, and in 2021, amidst theHouthi assault on Ma'rib, they issued a joint statement withAl-Islah and several smaller parties condemning the government for "[failing] to shoulder its responsibility in the political, military, economic and media fields”.[28]
^abcOlson, Wm J. (2021).U.S. Strategic Interests In The Gulf Region. Routledge.ISBN978-1-000-00995-8.The traditional Gulf states now represented by the GCC have accordingly grave concerns for the security of their monarchist regimes from republican radicalism on the left as represented by Iraqi Ba'athism or South Yemeni Marxism or republican radicalism on the right as represented by religious fundamentalism.
van Dijk, Ruud; Gray, William Glenn; Savranskaya, Svetlana;Suri, Jeremi; Zhai, Qiang, eds. (15 May 2008).Encyclopedia of the Cold War.Routledge.ISBN9780415975155.
Jonsson, Gabriel (31 January 2022).Towards Korean Reconciliation: Socio-Cultural Exchanges and Cooperation. Routledge.ISBN9781138358485.
Muhammad, Ali Nasir (2019).ذاكرة وطن: عدن من الإحتلال الى الإستقلال [Memory of the Nation - Aden: From occupation to independence] (in Arabic) (1st ed.). Beirut: Riyad al-Rayyis Publishing.ISBN978-9953-21-704-8.OCLC1089880767.
Muhammad, Ali Nasir (2020).ذاكرة وطن: جمهورية اليمن الديمقراطية الشعبيية [Memory of the Nation - People's Democratic Republic of Yemen](PDF) (in Arabic) (1st ed.). Baghdad: al-Mada.
التعداد العام الثاني للسكان والمساكن والمنشآت [Second General Census of Population, Housing and Establishments](PDF), People's Democratic Republic of Yemen: Central Statistical Organization, 1988.
.svg)
.jpg)
.png)
111
40
1st
This article incorporatespublic domain material fromThe World Factbook.CIA..svg)
