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Yedisan | |
|---|---|
Historical region | |
 Location of Yedisan in Ukraine | |
| Country |  Ukraine Moldova |
| Largest city | Odesa |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
Yedisan (alsoJedisan orEdisan;Ukrainian:Єдисан,romanized: Yedysan,Romanian:Edisan,Ottoman Turkish:یدیصان,Turkish:Yedisan,Russian:Едисан,romanized: Yedisan,Dobrujan Tatar:Ğedísan) was a conditional name for Özi [Paşa] Sancağı (Ochakiv Sanjak) ofSilistra Eyalet, a territory located in today'sSouthern Ukraine between theDniester and theSouthern Bug (Boh). It was placed by the Ottomans under the control of theNogai Horde in the 17th and 18th centuries and was named after one of the Nogai Hordes. In the Russian Empire, it was referred to asOchakov Oblast, while the Ottoman Turks called it simply Özü after the city ofOchakiv which served as its administrative center. Another name used wasWestern Nogai.
Geographically, it was the western part of the so-calledWild Fields that sprawled to the north of theBlack Sea between theDniester andDnieper rivers. It lies east ofBudjak andBessarabia, south ofPodolia andZaporizhzhia, and west ofTaurida. Since the mid-20th century, the territory has been divided between southwesternUkraine and southeasternMoldova (southernTransnistria).
"Yedisan" is Turkic for "Seven Titles"; doubtless the sept was made up of seven subgroups. Yedisan was also sometimes referred to asOchakov Tartary afterOchakov (Ochakiv), the main fortress of the region. Names for the region in different language include:Ukrainian: Єдисан [Yedysan];Russian: Едисан [Yedisan];Romanian:Edisan;Crimean Tatar andTurkish:Yedisan;German:Jedisan;Polish:Jedysan.
The Magyars could have been in Yedisan (Etelköz) before eventually migrating toPannonia.[1]
It was a part of historicPodolia, sometime in the 17th century it was occupied by the Ottomans partitioning betweenPodolia Eyalet andSilistra Eyalet.
The area at times was incorporated into theOttoman administrative structure as part of Silistra (Özi) Eyalet with the fortresses ofKhadjibey (Odesa) andÖzi (Ochakiv) as major centers. It was also part of a larger nomadic conflict between theNogais who were clients of theOttoman Porte and theRussian-sponsoredZaporizhianCossacks. In the late 18th century,Imperial Russia underCatherine the Great began to expand into the area. As a result of theRusso-Turkish War of 1768-1774, the Ottomansceded to Russia the region east of theSouthern Bug.
Through the 1792Treaty of Jassy (Iaşi) which concluded theRusso-Turkish War of 1787-1792, the Russian frontier was extended to the Dniester River and the takeover of Yedisan was complete. Following the Russian takeover, the city ofOdesa was founded in 1794 and the area was settled as part ofNew Russia byMoldavian,Russian andUkrainian colonists along with a significantGerman element. The area came to form parts of theKherson Governorate and is nowadays part of the UkrainianOdesa andMykolaivoblasts, and of the southern breakawayTransnistria (de jure part of Moldova).
