| Xevious | |
|---|---|
 North American arcade flyer | |
| Developer | Namco |
| Publishers |
|
| Designers | Masanobu Endō Shigeki Toyama |
| Artist | Hiroshi Ono[13] |
| Composer | Yuriko Keino |
| Series | Xevious |
| Platform | |
| Release | February 1983 |
| Genre | Scrolling shooter |
| Modes | Single-player,multiplayer |
| Arcade system | Namco Galaga |
Xevious[a] is a 1983 verticallyscrolling shootervideo game developed and published byNamco forarcades; in North America, it was distributed byAtari, Inc. Controlling the Solvalou starship, the player attacks Xevious forces before they destroy all of mankind. The Solvalou has two weapons at its disposal: a zapper to destroy flying craft, and a blaster to bomb ground installations and enemies. It runs on theNamco Galaga arcade system.
The game was designed byMasanobu Endō and a small team. Created to rival the success ofScramble, it was originally themed around theVietnam War and titledCheyenne. Endō wanted the game to have a detailed, integral storyline and a comprehensive world, and to be welcoming for newer players. Several enemies and characters were made to pay homage to other popular science fiction works, includingStar Wars,UFO,Alien andBattlestar Galactica.
Xevious was praised for its detailed graphics, challenge and originality. It became an unprecedented success for Namco in Japan, with record-breaking sales figures making it the biggest game sinceSpace Invaders. The North American release paled in comparison, despite still selling 5,295 arcade units by the end of 1983. It has been listed among the most influential games in theshoot 'em up genre, establishing the template for vertically scrolling shooters and inspiring games such asTwinBee andRayForce. It was ported to home systems, followed by several sequels and spin-offs, and is included in manyNamco compilations.
Xevious is a vertically scrolling shooter. The player controls a flying attack craft, the Solvalou, to destroy the Xevious forces plotting to take over Earth.[14] The Solvalou has two weapons: a zapper that fires projectiles at flying enemies,[15] and a blaster for bombing ground installations and vehicles.[15] A reticle in front of the ship shows where bombs will land.[15]
The game has a total of 16 connected areas, which loop back to the first after completing them all.[14] Dying about 70% through starts the player at the beginning of the next.[16] Areas are geographically distinct, with features such as forests, roads, rivers, and mechanical structures. Certain areas haveNazca lines placed on the ground, some in the "condor" design.[16]
The game becomes progressively more difficult as the player becomes more skilled. Once the player does well at destroying a certain enemy type, a more advanced enemy type replaces it.[16] Destroying flashing-red "Zolback" radars found on the ground will cause the game to switch back to easier enemies.[16][14]
Certain points in the game have a fight against the Andor Genesis mothership, which launch an endless stream of projectiles and explosive black spheres known as "Zakatos".[15] The player can either destroy all four blaster receptacles or the core in the center to defeat it.[15] Some parts of the game have hidden towers ("Sol Citadels"), which can be found by bombing specific parts of an area.[14] The Solvalou's bomb reticle flashes red when over one.[14] Yellow "Special Flags" from Namco's ownRally-X are found in a semi-random section of the area. Collecting one gives an extra life.[14]
Xevious was designed byMasanobu Endō, who joinedNamco in April 1981 as a planner.[17] He and a small team were assigned by Namco's marketing department to create a two-button scrolling shooter that could rival the success ofKonami's arcade gameScramble (1981).[17] Early versions of the game were namedCheyenne and took place during theVietnam War, with the player controlling a helicopter to shoot down enemies.[17] (The original name may refer to the Vietnam-eraLockheed AH-56 Cheyenne advancedattack helicopter project.) After the development team was reshuffled and the project planner quit altogether, Endō became the head designer for the game.[17] He learned programming on the job during production.[17]
Endō wanted the game to have a consistent, detailed world with a story that didn't feel like a "tacked-on extra", instead being an integral part of the game.[17] The goal of the project was for the game to be inviting for newer players, and to become gradually more difficult as they became better at the game.[17] Influenced by ray-tracing, Endō wanted the game's sprites to be high-quality and detailed, while also making sure they fit the limitations of the arcade board it ran on.[17] The team used a method that involved giving each sprite different shades of gray, allowing sprites to display additional colors.[17] Many of the sprites were designed by Endō himself, although some were done byHiroshi "Mr. Dotman" Ono, including the player and the background designs.
Many of the game's characters and structures were designed and refined by Shigeki Toyama, who previously worked on many of Namco's robotics for their amusement centers in the early 1980s.[18] The player's ship, the Solvalou, is based on theNostromo space tug fromAlien, while several of the enemies are homages to starships from popular science fiction works, includingStar Wars,UFO andBattlestar Galactica.[18]
Concept art for the Andor Genesis mothership depicted it with a more circular design, nicknamed "Gofuru" due to it bearing resemblance to gofuru cookies.[b][18] The design was changed to instead be the shape of an octagon as the hardware had difficulty displaying round objects, while still keeping much of its key features such as the central core and blaster receptacles.[18] Endō created a fictional language during development called "Xevian" that he used to name each of the enemies.[17]
The blaster target for the Solvalou, which flashes red when over an enemy to signal the player to fire a bomb at it, was added to make it easier to destroy ground targets.[17] While programming it, Endō thought it would be interesting to have the blaster target flash over a blank space where an enemy wasn't present, leading to the addition of the Sol citadels.[17] Namco executives expressed displeasure towards the idea, with Endō instead claiming they were simply a bug in the program and leaving them in the code.[17]
The Special Flag icons fromRally-X were added due to Endō being a fan of the game.[17] The game was originally namedZevious, the "X" being added to make it sound more exotic and mysterious, with the metallic logo paying homage to the pinball tableXenon.[17] Location testing forXevious was conducted in December 1982, and the game was released in Japan in January 1983.[19][20] In the months following,Atari, Inc. acquired the rights to manufacture and distribute it in North America, advertising it as "the Atari game you can't play at home".[16]
The first home conversion ofXevious was for theFamily Computer in 1984, being one of the system's first third-party titles. Copies of the game sold out within three days, with Namco's telephone lines being flooded with calls from players in need of gameplay tips.[21] The Famicom version was released internationally for theNintendo Entertainment System byBandai, in North America andPAL regions. In 1986, it was ported to theAmstrad CPC andZX Spectrum byU.S. Gold,[16][22] who later ported it to theCommodore 64 in 1987.[23]Atari Corporation published anAtari 7800 version as one of the system's 13 launch titles in 1986.[24] A version for theApple II was released in 1987. The Famicom version was re-released as a budget title for theFamicom Disk System in 1990.[25] Versions for theAtari 2600 andAtari 5200 were completed but never released;[26] the 2600 port was programmed byTod Frye.[27]
Three mobile phone versions were released; the first for J-Sky in 2002, renamedXevious Mini, the second fori-Mode the same year, and the third forEZweb in 2003. The NES version was re-released for theGame Boy Advance in 2004 as part of theClassic NES Series line. The arcade version was released for theXbox 360 in 2007, featuring support for achievements and online leaderboards.[28] TheWii Virtual Console received the NES version in 2006 and the arcade version in 2009.[29]
A remake for theNintendo 3DS was released in 2011 as part of the3D Classics series, named3D Classics: Xevious, which took advantage of the handheld's 3D screen technology.[30] The NES version was released for theWii U Virtual Console in 2013, and was also added to theNintendo Classics service in March 2023.[31] The arcade version, along withPac-Man, was released for theNintendo Switch andPlayStation 4 as part ofHamster'sArcade Archives line in 2021.[32]
Xevious is included in Namco compilations includingNamco Museum Vol. 1 (1995),Namco Museum Battle Collection (2005),[33]Namco Museum 50th Anniversary (2005),[34]Namco Museum Remix (2006),Namco Museum DS (2007),Namco Museum Virtual Arcade (2008),[35] andNamco Museum Essentials (2009).[36] ThePlayStation home port ofXevious 3D/G includes the originalXevious as an extra, alongside its sequelsSuper Xevious andXevious Arrangement.[37] It is included as one of the five titles inMicrosoft Revenge of Arcade, released forWindows in 1998.[38] The 2005GameCube gameStar Fox: Assault includes the NES version as an unlockable extra, awarded by collecting all silver medals in the game.[39] For the game's 30th anniversary in 2012, it was released for iOS devices as part of theNamco Arcade compilation.[40]
| Publication | Score |
|---|---|
| AllGame | ARC: 4/5[41] NES: 4/5[42] Atari 7800: 3.5/5[43] |
| IGN | XBLA: 6/10[44] |
| Your Sinclair | ZX: 8/10[23] |
| Commodore User | C64: 6/10[45] |
| Nintendojo | GBA: 7.5/10[46] |
The arcade game received positive reviews upon release.[45]Computer & Video Games magazine praised the game's thrilling action and impressive graphics, recommending it to players fond of titles such asZaxxon andScramble,[47] whileElectronic Games found that the realistic graphics and intense action madeXevious an easy recommendation to fans of the genre.Joystik stated that the game was superior to titlesZaxxon andTron, specifically in its graphics and gameplay.[48]
Amusement Life praised its detailed backgrounds, fast-paced gameplay and sense of mystery, labeling it a masterpiece and one of the best games of 1983.[49] In 1998,Allgame called it one of the more "polite" shoot'em ups for its detailed visuals, challenge and unique enemy designs, finding it to have a "charm" unmatched by other games of the genre.[41]
Home versions ofXevious received praise for their faithfulness to the original.Your Sinclair commended the ZX Spectrum version's accurate conversion of the arcade original, while also praising its fast-paced gameplay and "enthralling" experience.[23]Nintendojo greatly praised theClassic NES Series version for its gameplay and multiplayer mode, favorably comparing it to games such asGradius.[46] They felt that its responsive controls and "chaotic" difficulty made it one of the best titles released under the label.[46]
Some home releases were met with a more mixed reception for their overall quality and lack of bonus features. Reviewing the Nintendo Entertainment System release, German publicationPower Play found the game to be "too old", suggesting that readers instead try out titles such asGradius.[50] They also disliked the game's lack of power-ups and for areas being too long.[50]GameSpot applauded the Xbox 360 digital version's emulation quality and usage of online leaderboards,[51] butIGN andGameSpot both disliked the lack of improvements made over previous home releases and bonus content.[44][51]
Retrospectively,Xevious has been seen as the "father" of vertically scrolling shooters, and one of the most influential and important games of the genre. In 1995,Flux magazine rated the game 88th on their list of the "Top 100 Video Games", saying that it "ushered in a new age of scrolling overhead shooters", with its "detailed graphics, multi-level targets and catchy theme music."[52] In 1996,Next Generation ranked it number 90 in their list of the "Top 100 Games of All Time", praising its art direction, intense gameplay and layer of strategy.[53]Gamest magazine ranked it the second greatest arcade game of all time in 1997 based on reader vote, applauding its pre-rendered visuals, addictive nature and historical significance.[54]
Japanese publicationYuge found the Famicom home port to be one of the system's best and most memorable titles for its faithful portrayal of the original.[55]Hardcore Gaming 101 applauded the game for setting up the template for future games of the genre, namelyTwinBee,RayForce andRaiden DX.[16] They also praised the game's detailed graphics, difficulty and impressive enemy intelligence for the time.[16]IGN labeled it the ninth greatestAtari 7800 game of all time for its gameplay and overall quality.[56]
Xevious was an unprecedented success for Namco in Japan. In its first few weeks on the market, it recorded record-breaking sales figures that hadn't been seen sinceSpace Invaders in 1978.[57] It was the top-grossingtable arcade cabinet on Japan'sGame Machine arcade charts in November 1983.[58] In North American arcades, it was a more moderate success, reaching number four on thePlay Meter arcade charts in July 1983.[59] Atari sold 5,295Xeviousarcade cabinets in the US by the end of 1983, earning about $11.1 million (equivalent to $35 million in 2024)[60] in US cabinet sales revenue.[61]
TheFamicom version sold over 1.26 million copies sold in Japan,[62] jumping system sales by nearly two million units.[55] The game's immense popularity led to high score tournaments being set up across the country, alongside the creation ofstrategy guides that documented much of its secrets and hidden items.[63] The NES version went on to sell1.5 milliongame cartridges worldwide.[64]
Bubble Bobble creatorFukio Mitsuji andRez producerTetsuya Mizuguchi citeXevious as having a profound influence on their careers.[65][66]
Xevious is credited as one of the first video games to have aboss fight,[54][16]pre-rendered graphics[53] and a storyline.[54] In 1985, Roger C. Sharpe ofPlay Meter magazine stated that the "dimensionalized, overhead perspective of modern, detailed graphics was launched withXevious."[67]
Super Xevious was released in 1984. The difficulty was increased to appeal to more advanced players, alongside new enemy types and characters that reset the player's score when shot.[16] A similarly titled game was released in 1986 for theFamily Computer,Super Xevious: GAMP no Nazo, which intermixed puzzle elements with the standardXevious gameplay.[68] An arcade version of this game was also released, known asVs. Super Xevious, running on theNintendo Vs. arcade system.[69] An arcade spin-off title starring one of the enemies fromXevious,Grobda, was released in 1984.[70]
Two games for the MSX2 and PC-Engine were released in 1988 and 1990 respectively -Xevious Fardraut Saga andXevious Fardraut Densetsu,[71] both of which include a remade port of the original alongside a brand-new story mode with new enemies, boss fights and power-up items.[72] A 3D rail-shooter spin-off,Solvalou, was published in 1991.[73] In 1995, two arcade sequels were released -Xevious Arrangement, a remake of the original with two-player co-op,[74] andXevious 3D/G, a 3D game with 2D gameplay - both of these titles were soon released in 1997 for the PlayStation, compiled intoXevious 3D/G+, alongside the originalXevious andSuper Xevious.[75] A final follow-up was released in 2009,Xevious Resurrection, exclusively as part of the compilation titleNamco Museum Essentials, which includes two-player simultaneous co-op alongside a number of other features.[76]
In 1991, a three-partXevious novel was published, titledFardraut - the books documented the lore of theXevious video game series, including its characters, backstory and events. The books were republished fifteen years later in 2005.[16] A 2002 CGI film adaptation was released in Japan, produced during a collaboration between Namco and Japanese company Groove Corporation.[77]
AXevious-themed soundtrack album was produced byHaruomi Hosono ofYellow Magic Orchestra in 1984, titledVideo Game Music. Compiled with music from other Namco video games, such asMappy andPole Position, it is credited as the first video game soundtrack album.[78]Xevious also spawned the first gameplay recording for a video game[78] and the first television commercial for an arcade game.[79] Music from the game was used during the video game-themed television seriesStarcade.[79]
{{cite book}}:|work= ignored (help)Namco sold 1.5 million copies of a game called "Xevious". A new Namco building was nicknamed the Xevious Building because the game had paid for its construction costs.
