X Corp. is an Americantech company headquartered inBastrop, Texas.[6] Established byElon Musk in 2023 as the successor toTwitter, Inc., it is a wholly owned subsidiary ofxAI since March 28, 2025,[7][8][9] which is itself mostly owned by Musk. The company owns the social networking serviceX (formerly Twitter), and has announced plans to use it as a base for other offerings, including the incorporation of xAI'sGrok and Aurora models. They also own the trademarks of servicesVine andPeriscope.[10][11][12]
In April 2022, filings submitted to theSecurities and Exchange Commission (SEC) revealed Musk had formed three corporate entities inDelaware, one was X Corp, another was X Holdings and another was X Holdings Corp. According to the filings, one of the entities was to merge withTwitter, Inc., while another was to serve as the parent company of the newly merged company. A third entity would then help take on aUS$13 billion loan provided by various large banks to acquireTwitter.[13]
The name "X" dates back toX.com, an online bank co-founded by Musk in 1999. In March 2000, X.com merged with competitorConfinity to createPayPal.[14] Musk considered forming a holding company named "X" forTesla, Inc. andSpaceX in August 2012.[15] In July 2017, Musk reacquired the domain X.com, for an undisclosed amount, from PayPal.[16] Musk reaffirmed his support for the name "X" in December 2020, replying to a Twitter user who renewed calls for Musk to form a new holding company under that name, although he dismissed the idea of X acquiring his businesses.[17]
The concept for X solidified in October 2022, when Musk tweeted that acquiring Twitter is "an accelerant to creating X, theeverything app". According to Musk, Twitter would accelerate the creation of X by "3 to 5 years". Musk expressed interest in creating an app similar toWeChat—a Chinese instant messaging, social media, and mobile payment app—on a podcast in May 2022.[18] In June, Musk told Twitter employees that Twitter is a "digital town square" that should be all-encompassing, like WeChat.[19] In aMorgan Stanley conference in March 2023, Musk touted X once again as the potentially "biggest financial institution in the world".[20] On October 27, 2022, Muskacquired Twitter for $44 billion, and subsequently became itsCEO.[21]
On March 9, 2023, Musk registered X Corp. inNevada. On the same day, Musk registered theartificial intelligence (AI) companyX.AI Corp.[22] Later that month, Musk applied to merge X Holdings with X Holdings Corp. andTwitter, Inc. with X Corp.[13] In the filing, Musk revealed that X Holdings Corp. had $2 million in capital, but X Holdings Corp. would serve as the parent company for X Corp.[23] In a company-wide email that month, Musk announced that Twitter employees would receive stock in X Corp.[24]
On May 11, 2023, Musk tweeted that he had found his replacement as Twitter and X Corp.'s CEO. The next day, on May 12, 2023, he namedLinda Yaccarino as the new CEO, adding that she "will focus primarily on business operations, while I focus on product design & new technology".[26] Musk said he would transition his role to executive chairman and chief technology officer.[27] Yaccarino succeeded Musk on June 5, 2023.[28]
At the end of May 2023,Fidelity Investments estimated the company's value at $15 billion.[29] This was later increased to a value of $27 billion by July,[30][31] and up to about $28.5 billion by the end of August.[32][33] In March 2025, the value of the social media platform has soared back to the $44 billion.[34]
The company erected a giant illuminated "X" on the roof of its San Francisco headquarters in July 2023 without obtaining required permits. 24 complaints were filed by neighbors concerned about the bright flashing light and structural integrity. Inspectors were twice denied roof access, and the city cited the company for a building code violation. X removed the sign after a few days.[35][36]
In August 2023, CEO Linda Yaccarino stated that she has "operational autonomy" under owner Elon Musk to run the business, and that she is involved in everything that goes into running the company.[37][38] Yaccarino also opened up on the reasoning behind Twitter's "controversial" name change to X,[39] wherein she stated that the rebranding was essentially a "liberation" from Twitter. Yaccarino also went on to say that if users had stayed with Twitter, then changes would only be "incremental" and that with X, they think about "what's possible".[40]
In October 2023, the marketing agency X Social Media filed a lawsuit against X Corp. alleging a violation of its trademark of the letter X.[41]
On July 16, 2024, Elon Musk posted that X Corp. would move its headquarters fromSan Francisco toAustin, Texas, after posting thatSpaceX would move its headquarters fromHawthorne, California toStarbase, Texas.[42] This was a direct response to California GovernorGavin Newsom signing a law that bans schools in the state from notifying parents of a child's gender identification change.[43]
On August 17, 2024, X Corp. ceased operations inBrazil. The X platform wasblocked nationwide shortly after and unblocked on October 8, 2024.[44][45]
On September 13, 2024, X Corp. moved its headquarters fromSan Francisco toBastrop, Texas, according to records filed with the California Secretary of State.[46][47][48]
At the end of September 2024, Fidelity's estimation of the value of X shares reflected a decline of 79% from when Musk had acquired Twitter two years earlier.[49]
Mahmoud Reza Banki joined the company as its first publicly announced chief financial officer in November 2024.[50]
In February 2025, Musk was reportedly in talks for a new round of financing at a $44 billion valuation, thus returning to the valuation at the time of the purchase of Twitter.[51]
In response, X Corp. mentioned that the platform encourageddiversity andfree speech, stating that "more than 99.99% of post impressions are healthy" in a blog post.[54] The post further mentioned that the CCDH was spreading "false and misleading claims" that might have negative financial repercussions as it encouraged advertisers to halt investment on X.[55] The blog also further described the CCDH as a "scare campaign" working continuously to prevent "public dialogue", alleging that the CCDH's research utilized metrics that were purposely put "out of context to make unsubstantiated assertions about X".[56] X then filed alegal claim against CCDH and theEuropean Climate Foundation, which it alleged was providing the information used in CCDH's research, and that X denied all claims stated by the CCDH.[57][58][59][60]
On November 16, 2023,Media Matters for America, a left-leaning watchdog group, published a report stating that X was placing ads for various companies includingApple,IBM, andOracle, alongside pro-Nazi content.[63] Published following Musk's endorsement of an antisemitic conspiracy theory, major advertisers likeMicrosoft andApple left the platform, leading to an estimated loss of around $75 million by the end of 2023.[64] This led to a lawsuit by X Corp. against Media Matters, alleging that they had "exploited" the platform into making the ads appear the way they did as a result of excessive scrolling and curating its feed with "fringe" content.[65][66]
In August 2024, Omid Kordestani, former executive chairman of Twitter (now X Corp.), filed a lawsuit against X Corp. in California Superior Court. Kordestani alleges that Elon Musk is refusing to cash out more than $20 million worth of shares owed to him as compensation for his service. This suit follows a March 2024 lawsuit by four former Twitter executives, who claim Musk withheld over $128 million in severance payments after their dismissal.[67]
^ In an April 4, 2023, court filing,Twitter, Inc. disclosed that it no longer existed and was consolidated into X Corp. The corporation was created underNevada corporate law on March 9, 2023.[1]
US$2.7 billion (2024)[2]
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Media related toX Corp. at Wikimedia Commons
