Wuchang 武昌区 Wu-Chang | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 East Lake overlooking Wuchang | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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  Wuchang Location in Hubei | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Coordinates:30°33′43″N114°20′25″E / 30.5619°N 114.3404°E /30.5619; 114.3404[1] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Country | People's Republic of China | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Province | Hubei | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sub-provincial city | Wuhan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Area | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• Total | 87.42 km2 (33.75 sq mi) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Population (2020)[3] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• Total | 1,102,188 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| • Density | 13,000/km2 (33,000/sq mi) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wuhan district map |
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| Website | 武昌区政府门户网站 (translation: Wuchang District Government Web Portal (in Simplified Chinese) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wuchang, Wuhan | |||||||||
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 Changchun Temple | |||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 武昌 | ||||||||
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Wuchang is one of 13 urbandistricts of theprefecture-level city ofWuhan, the capital ofHubei Province,China. It is the oldest of the three cities that merged into modern-day Wuhan, and stood on the right (southeastern) bank of theYangtze River, opposite the mouth of theHan River. The two other cities,Hanyang andHankou, were on the left (northwestern) bank, separated from each other by the Han River.
The name "Wuchang" remains in common use for the part of urban Wuhan south of the Yangtze River. Administratively, however, it is split between several districts of the City of Wuhan. The historic center of Wuchang lies within the modern Wuchang District, which has an area of 82.4 square kilometres (31.8 sq mi) and a population of 1,102,188.[4] Other parts of what is colloquially known as Wuchang are withinHongshan District (south and south-east) andQingshan District (north-east). Presently, on the right bank of the Yangtze, it borders the districts of Qingshan (for a very small section) to the northeast and Hongshan to the east and south; on the opposite bank it bordersJiang'an,Jianghan andHanyang.
On 10 October 1911, theNew Army stationed in the city started theWuchang Uprising, a turning point of theXinhai Revolution that overthrew theQing dynasty and established theRepublic of China.
In 221, warlordSun Quan moved the capital ofEastern Wu fromGong'an county,Jingzhou (northwest of present-day Gong'an county, Hubei) toÈ county (in present-dayEzhou City), and renamed È to Wuchang (literallyprospering from military, regarding itslogistics role of themilitary bases established before theBattle of Red Cliffs). Later in the yearCao Pi proclaimed himself the emperor ofCao Wei.[citation needed] Sun Quan declared independence in the following year, and started to build forts and palaces in Wuchang. Sun Quan proclaimed himself the emperor of Eastern Wu in 229, and moved the capital toJianye.Sun Hao, the emperor of Eastern Wu between 264 and 280, moved the capital back to Wuchang in 265. In 589, the Wuchangcommandery was abolished and the Wuchang county was transferred to a new commandery named Ezhou (headquartered in present-day Wuchang District), and remained in the administration since then.
The Wuchangcommandery was set up when È was renamed to Wuchang, and included six counties. In 223 the commandery was renamed toJiangxia, and the capital of the commandery moved to Xiakou (in present-day Wuchang town). The name of the town was switched back and forth between Wuchang and Jiangxia several times in the following centuries. The present-day version ofWuying Pagoda, the oldest standing architecture in Hubei Province, was built around the time of fall of the Southern Song Dynasty. After 1301, the Wuchangprefecture, headquartered in the town, became the capital ofHubei province.
During theTaiping Rebellion, Wuchang and the surrounding area changed hands several times after the Taiping capture of the city in theBattle of Wuchang (1852).
At the end of theQing Empire, the Wuchang Prefecture (武昌府, then transcribed as 'Ou-tchang-fou') was the capital of the combined provinces ofHubei andHunan, called the 'two Hu' orHuguang Viceroyalty. It was the seat of the provincial government of Huguang, at the head of which was aviceroy of Huguang. Next toNanjing andGuangzhou, it was one of the most important vice-royalties in the empire.[citation needed]
It possessed an arsenal and a mint. The provincial government establishedironworks for the manufacture of rails and otherrailway material. As the works did not pay under official management, they were transferred to the director-general of railways. Wuchang was not open to foreign trade and residence, but a considerable number ofmissionaries, bothRoman Catholic andProtestant, lived within the walls. The native population was estimated at 800,000 around 1911, including cities on both banks. At that time, Wuchang was an important junction on the trunk railway fromBeijing to Guangzhou; and was on the route of theSichuan railway.
In Wuchang on October 10, 1911, a revolt broke out against the Qing Dynasty. This event, now called theWuchang Uprising and celebrated asDouble Ten Day, was the catalyst that started theXinhai Revolution, which led to the development of theRepublic of China.
In 1912, the Wuchang prefecture was abolished and a new Wuchang county (just next to the Wuchang county in the Ezhou city) was created. In 1926 the Wuchang town was promoted to a city, and merged withHankou andHanyang to form a new city namedWuhan.
After 1949, the more urban part of the Wuchang County was absorbed into the new Wuhan City and was administratively partitioned into Wuchang,Qingshan andHongshan districts, while the remaining, mostly rural, southern part retained the name of Wuchang County. In 1995, Wuchang County becameJiangxia District of Wuhan.
Wuchang District administers:[5][6][7]
| # | Name | Chinese (S) | Pinyin Romanization | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subdistricts | ||||||
| 1 | Shidong SubdistrictRock Cave | 石洞街道 | Shídòng Jiēdào | |||
| 2 | Yangyuan SubdistrictYang Garden | 杨园街道 | Yángyuán Jiēdào | |||
| 3 | Xujiapeng Subdistrict | 徐家棚街道 | Xūjiāpéng Jiēdào | |||
| 4 | Jiyuqiao Subdistrict | 积玉桥街道 | Jīyùqiáo Jiēdào | |||
| 5 | Zhonghualu SubdistrictZhonghua Road | 中华路街道 | Zhōnghuálù Jiēdào | |||
| 6 | Liangdao Subdistrict | 粮道街道 | Liángdào Jiēdào | |||
| 7 | Huanghelou SubdistrictYellow Crane Tower | 黄鹤楼街道 | Huánghèlóu Jiēdào | |||
| 8 | Ziyang Subdistrict | 紫阳街道 | Zǐyáng Jiēdào | |||
| 9 | Baishazhou SubdistrictWhite Sand Islet | 白沙洲街道 | Báishāzhōu Jiēdào | |||
| 10 | Shouyilu SubdistrictFirst to Rise in Revolt Road | 首义路街道 | Shǒuyìlù Jiēdào | |||
| 11 | Zhongnanlu SubdistrictSouth Central Road | 中南路街道 | Zhōngnánlù Jiēdào | |||
| 12 | Shuiguohu SubdistrictFruit Lake | 水果湖街道 | Shuǐguǒhú Jiēdào | |||
| 13 | Luojiashan SubdistrictMount Luojia | 珞珈山街道 | Luòjiāshān Jiēdào | |||
| 14 | Nanhu SubdistrictSouth Lake | 南湖街道 | Nánhú Jiēdào | |||
| 15 | Donghu Scenic AreaEast Lake | 东湖风景区街道 | Dōnghú Fēngjǐngqū Jiēdào | |||
The Wuchang fish (Megalobrama amblycephala;武昌鱼;武昌魚;Wǔchāng yú) is named after the town.
石洞街 杨园街 徐家棚街 积玉桥街 中华路街 粮道街 黄鹤楼街 紫阳街 白沙洲街 首义路街 中南路街 水果湖街 珞珈山街 南湖街
2010年第六次人口普查，武昌区常住总人口1214287人，其中：积玉桥街道60323人，杨园街道109485人，徐家棚街道123918人，粮道街道64704人，中华路街道44262人，黄鹤楼街道60909人，紫阳街道61135人，白沙洲街道76226人，首义路街道69562人，中南路街道216216人，水果湖街道178628人，珞珈山街道75128人，石洞街道6664人，南湖街道52596人，东湖风景区街道（武昌）14531人。
统计用区划代码 名称 420106001000 积玉桥街办事处 420106002000 杨园街办事处 420106003000 徐家棚街办事处 420106005000 粮道街办事处 420106006000 中华路街办事处 420106007000 黄鹤楼街办事处 420106008000 紫阳街办事处 420106009000 白沙洲街办事处 420106010000 首义路街办事处 420106011000 中南路街办事处 420106012000 水果湖街办事处 420106013000 珞珈山街办事处 420106014000 石洞街办事处 420106015000 南湖街办事处 420106490000 东湖风景区街道（武昌）
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